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Alvespimycin Inhibits Heat Shock Protein 90 and Overcomes Imatinib Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031210. [PMID: 36770876 PMCID: PMC9920317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) facilitates folding and stability and prevents the degradation of multiple client proteins. One of these HSP90 clients is BCR-ABL, the oncoprotein characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. Alvespimycin is an HSP90 inhibitor with better pharmacokinetic properties and fewer side effects than other similar drugs, but its role in overcoming imatinib resistance is not yet clarified. This work studied the therapeutic potential of alvespimycin in imatinib-sensitive (K562) and imatinib-resistant (K562-RC and K562-RD) CML cell lines. Metabolic activity was determined by the resazurin assay. Cell death, caspase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell cycle were evaluated by means of flow cytometry. Cell death was also analyzed by optical microscopy. HSPs expression levels were assessed by western blotting. Alvespimycin reduced metabolic activity in a time-, dose-, and cell line-dependent manner. Resistant cells were more sensitive to alvespimycin with an IC50 of 31 nM for K562-RC and 44 nM for K562-RD, compared to 50 nM for K562. This drug induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. In K562 cells, alvespimycin induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. As a marker of HSP90 inhibition, a significant increase in HSP70 expression was observed. Our results suggest that alvespimycin might be a new therapeutic approach to CML treatment, even in cases of resistance to imatinib.
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Ditsiou A, Cilibrasi C, Simigdala N, Papakyriakou A, Milton-Harris L, Vella V, Nettleship JE, Lo JH, Soni S, Smbatyan G, Ntavelou P, Gagliano T, Iachini MC, Khurshid S, Simon T, Zhou L, Hassell-Hart S, Carter P, Pearl LH, Owen RL, Owens RJ, Roe SM, Chayen NE, Lenz HJ, Spencer J, Prodromou C, Klinakis A, Stebbing J, Giamas G. The structure-function relationship of oncogenic LMTK3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/46/eabc3099. [PMID: 33188023 PMCID: PMC7673765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating signaling driven by lemur tyrosine kinase 3 (LMTK3) could help drug development. Here, we solve the crystal structure of LMTK3 kinase domain to 2.1Å resolution, determine its consensus motif and phosphoproteome, unveiling in vitro and in vivo LMTK3 substrates. Via high-throughput homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence screen coupled with biochemical, cellular, and biophysical assays, we identify a potent LMTK3 small-molecule inhibitor (C28). Functional and mechanistic studies reveal LMTK3 is a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) client protein, requiring HSP90 for folding and stability, while C28 promotes proteasome-mediated degradation of LMTK3. Pharmacologic inhibition of LMTK3 decreases proliferation of cancer cell lines in the NCI-60 panel, with a concomitant increase in apoptosis in breast cancer cells, recapitulating effects of LMTK3 gene silencing. Furthermore, LMTK3 inhibition reduces growth of xenograft and transgenic breast cancer mouse models without displaying systemic toxicity at effective doses. Our data reinforce LMTK3 as a druggable target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Ditsiou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Chiara Cilibrasi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Nikiana Simigdala
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Papakyriakou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos," 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Leanne Milton-Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Viviana Vella
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Joanne E Nettleship
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Jae Ho Lo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shivani Soni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Goar Smbatyan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Panagiota Ntavelou
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Teresa Gagliano
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Maria Chiara Iachini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Sahir Khurshid
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Thomas Simon
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Science Park Road, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Storm Hassell-Hart
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Philip Carter
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laurence H Pearl
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Science Park Road, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Robin L Owen
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Raymond J Owens
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Protein Production UK, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
| | - S Mark Roe
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Science Park Road, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Naomi E Chayen
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Chrisostomos Prodromou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Apostolos Klinakis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Georgios Giamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
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Yang QQ, Tan H, Fu ZP, Ma Q, Song JL. [HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG plays an important role in JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathways in HTLV-1 infection cell line HUT-102]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2019; 38:710-715. [PMID: 28954352 PMCID: PMC7348253 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze whether heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) be involved in a permanently abnormal activated JAK/STAT signaling in ATL cells in vitro. Methods: The effect of 17-AAG on proliferation of ATL cell lines HUT-102 was assessed using CCK8 at different time points. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The specific proteins HSP90, STAT5, p-STAT5 and JAK3 were detected by Western blotting. Results: Overexpression of HSP90 in HUT-102 cell lines was disclosed (P<0.05) , and constitutive activation of JAK3/STAT5 signaling was observed in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines but not in normal PBMCs; Treatment of ATL cell lines with 17-AAG led to reduced cell proliferation, but there was no significant change in terms of cell proliferation when the concentration of 17-AAG between 2 000-8 000 nmol/L (P>0.05) . 17-AAG induced cell apoptosis in different time-points and concentrations. 17-AAG don't affect the expression of JAK3 gene. Conclusion: This study indicated that JAK3 as HSP90 client protein was aberrantly activated in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines, leading to constitutive activation of p-STAT5 in JAK/STAT signal pathway, which demonstrated that HSP90-inhibitors 17-AAG inhibited the growth of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines by reducing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Q Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Miller DJ, Fort PE. Heat Shock Proteins Regulatory Role in Neurodevelopment. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:821. [PMID: 30483047 PMCID: PMC6244093 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a large family of molecular chaperones that are well-known for their roles in protein maturation, re-folding and degradation. While some Hsps are constitutively expressed in certain regions, others are rapidly upregulated in the presence of stressful stimuli. Numerous stressors, including hyperthermia and hypoxia, can induce the expression of Hsps, which, in turn, interact with client proteins and co-chaperones to regulate cell growth and survival. Such interactions must be tightly regulated, especially at critical points during embryonic and postnatal development. Hsps exhibit specific patterns of expression consistent with a spatio-temporally regulated role in neurodevelopment. There is also growing evidence that Hsps may promote or inhibit neurodevelopment through specific pathways regulating cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration, or angiogenesis. This review will examine the regulatory role that these individual chaperones may play in neurodevelopment, and will focus specifically on the signaling pathways involved in the maturation of neuronal and glial cells as well as the underlying vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Patrice E Fort
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Shi W, George SK, George B, Curry CV, Murzabdillaeva A, Alkan S, Amin HM. TrkA is a binding partner of NPM-ALK that promotes the survival of ALK + T-cell lymphoma. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1189-1207. [PMID: 28557340 PMCID: PMC5579389 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin‐anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐expressing (NPM‐ALK+) T‐cell lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm that is more commonly seen in children and young adults. The pathogenesis of NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma is not completely understood. Wild‐type ALK is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is physiologically expressed in neural tissues during early stages of human development, which suggests that ALK may interact with neurotrophic factors. The aberrant expression of NPM‐ALK results from a translocation between the ALK gene on chromosome 2p23 and the NPM gene on chromosome 5q35. The nerve growth factor (NGF) is the first neurotrophic factor attributed to non‐neural functions including cancer cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. These functions are primarily mediated through the tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA). The expression and role of NGF/TrkA in NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma are not known. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that TrkA signaling is upregulated and sustains the survival of this lymphoma. Our data illustrate that TrkA and NGF are expressed in five NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma cell lines and TrkA is expressed in 11 of 13 primary lymphoma tumors from patients. In addition, we found evidence to support that NPM‐ALK and TrkA functionally interact. A selective TrkA inhibitor induced apoptosis and decreased cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation of NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma cell lines. These effects were associated with downregulation of cell survival regulatory proteins. Similar results were also observed using specific knockdown of TrkA in NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma cells by siRNA. Importantly, the inhibition of TrkA signaling was associated with antitumor effects in vivo, because tumor xenografts in mice regressed and the mice exhibited improved survival. In conclusion, TrkA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NPM‐ALK+ T‐cell lymphoma, and therefore, targeting TrkA signaling may represent a novel approach to eradicate this aggressive neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Shi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of the University of Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhawana George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Choladda V Curry
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Albina Murzabdillaeva
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Serhan Alkan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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Penthala NR, Ketkar A, Sekhar KR, Freeman ML, Eoff RL, Balusu R, Crooks PA. 1-Benzyl-2-methyl-3-indolylmethylene barbituric acid derivatives: Anti-cancer agents that target nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1). Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 23:7226-33. [PMID: 26602084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we have designed and synthesized a series of 1-benzyl-2-methyl-3-indolylmethylene barbituric acid analogs (7a-7h) and 1-benzyl-2-methyl-3-indolylmethylene thiobarbituric acid analogs (7 i-7 l) as nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) inhibitors and have evaluated them for their anti-cancer activity against a panel of 60 different human cancer cell lines. Among these analogs 7 i, 7 j, and 7 k demonstrated potent growth inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types with GI50 values <2 μM. Compound 7 k exhibited growth inhibitory effects on a sub-panel of six leukemia cell lines with GI50 values in the range 0.22-0.35 μM. Analog 7 i also exhibited GI50 values <0.35 μM against three of the leukemia cell lines in the sub-panel. Analogs 7 i, 7 j, 7 k and 7 l were also evaluated against the mutant NPM1 expressing OCI-AML3 cell line and compounds 7 k and 7 l were found to cause dose-dependent apoptosis (AP50 = 1.75 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively). Compound 7k also exhibited potent growth inhibition against a wide variety of solid tumor cell lines: that is, A498 renal cancer (GI50 = 0.19 μM), HOP-92 and NCI-H522 lung cancer (GI50 = 0.25 μM), COLO 205 and HCT-116 colon cancer (GI50 = 0.20 and 0.26 μM, respectively), CNS cancer SF-539 (GI50 = 0.22 μM), melanoma MDA-MB-435 (GI50 = 0.22 μM), and breast cancer HS 578T (GI50 = 0.22 μM) cell lines. Molecular docking studies suggest that compounds 7 k and 7 l exert their anti-leukemic activity by binding to a pocket in the central channel of the NPM1 pentameric structure. These results indicate that the small molecule inhibitors 7 i, 7 j, 7 k, and 7 l could be potentially developed into anti-NPM1 drugs for the treatment of a variety of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.
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Pecci A, Necchi V, Barozzi S, Vitali A, Boveri E, Elena C, Bernasconi P, Noris P, Solcia E. Particulate cytoplasmic structures with high concentration of ubiquitin-proteasome accumulate in myeloid neoplasms. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:71. [PMID: 26081257 PMCID: PMC4473848 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increased plasma levels of proteasome have been associated with various neoplasms, especially myeloid malignancies. Little is known of the cellular origin and release mechanisms of such proteasome. We recently identified and characterized a novel particulate cytoplasmic structure (PaCS) showing selective accumulation of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) components. PaCSs have been reported in some epithelial neoplasms and in two genetic disorders characterized by hematopoietic cell dysplasia and increased risk of leukemia. However, no information is available about PaCSs in hematopoietic neoplasms. Methods PaCSs were investigated by ultrastructural, immunogold, and immunofluorescence analysis of bone marrow (BM) biopsies and peripheral blood (PB) cell preparations of 33 consecutive, untreated, or relapsed patients affected by different hematopoietic neoplasms. BM and PB samples from individuals with non-neoplastic BM or healthy donors were studied as controls. Granulocytes and platelet proteasome content was measured by immunoblotting and plasma proteasome levels by ELISA. Results PaCSs with typical, selective immunoreactivity for polyubiquitinated proteins and proteasome were widespread in granulocytic cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). In acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), PaCSs were only occasionally detected in blast cells and were found consistently in cells showing granulocytic and megakaryocytic maturation. Conversely, PaCSs were poorly represented or absent in non-neoplastic hematopoietic tissue or lymphoid neoplasms. In MPN granulocytes and platelets, the presence of PaCSs was associated with increased amounts of proteasome in cell lysates. PaCSs were often localized in cytoplasmic blebs generating PaCSs-filled plasma membrane vesicles observable in the BM intercellular space. In MPN and MDS, accumulation of PaCSs was associated with significant increase in plasma proteasome. Immunogold analysis showed that PaCSs of myeloid neoplasia selectively concentrated the chaperone proteins Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90. Conclusions PaCSs accumulate in cells of myeloid neoplasms in a lineage- and maturation-restricted manner; in particular, they are widespread in granulocytic and megakaryocytic lineages of MPN patients. PaCSs development was associated with excess accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins, proteasome, and chaperone molecules, indicating impairment of the UPS-dependent protein homeostasis and a possible link with Hsp90-related leukemogenesis. A mechanism of PaCSs discharge by leukemic cells could contribute to increased plasma proteasome of MPN and MDS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-015-0169-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Necchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. .,Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Serena Barozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Agostina Vitali
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Boveri
- Pathologic Anatomy Section, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Elena
- Hematology Section, Department of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bernasconi
- Hematology Section, Department of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Noris
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Enrico Solcia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. .,Pathologic Anatomy Section, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Brigger D, Torbett BE, Chen J, Fey MF, Tschan MP. Inhibition of GATE-16 attenuates ATRA-induced neutrophil differentiation of APL cells and interferes with autophagosome formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:283-8. [PMID: 23891751 PMCID: PMC4225710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation process involved in cell survival upon stress induction, but also with a newly identified function in myeloid differentiation. The autophagy-related (ATG)8 protein family, including the GABARAP and LC3 subfamilies, is crucial for autophagosome biogenesis. In order to evaluate the significance of the GABARAPs in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we compared their expression in primary AML patient samples, CD34(+) progenitor cells and in granulocytes from healthy donors. GABARAPL1 and GABARAPL2/GATE-16, but not GABARAP, were significantly downregulated in particular AML subtypes compared to normal granulocytes. Moreover, the expression of GABARAPL1 and GATE-16 was significantly induced during ATRA-induced neutrophil differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (APL). Lastly, knocking down GABARAPL2/GATE-16 in APL cells attenuated neutrophil differentiation and decreased autophagic flux. In conclusion, low GABARAPL2/GATE-16 expression is associated with an immature myeloid leukemic phenotype and these proteins are necessary for neutrophil differentiation of APL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brigger
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Experimental Oncology/Hematology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bruce E. Torbett
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joy Chen
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martin F. Fey
- Experimental Oncology/Hematology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Experimental Oncology/Hematology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Berta G, Harci A, Tarjányi O, Vecsernyés M, Balogh A, Pap M, Szeberényi J, Sétáló G. Partial rescue of geldanamycin-induced TrkA depletion by a proteasome inhibitor in PC12 cells. Brain Res 2013; 1520:70-9. [PMID: 23701727 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work we tried to identify mechanisms that could explain how chemical inhibition of heat-shock protein 90 reduces nerve growth factor signaling in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Geldanamycin is an antibiotic originally discovered based on its ability to bind heat-shock protein 90. This interaction can lead to the disruption of heat-shock protein 90-containing multimolecular complexes. It can also induce the inhibition or even degradation of partner proteins dissociated from the 90 kDa chaperone and, eventually, can cause apoptosis, for instance, in PC12 cells. Before the onset of initial apoptotic events, however, a marked decrease in the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinases ERK 1/2 and protein kinase B/Akt can be observed together with reduced expression of the high affinity nerve growth factor receptor, tropomyosine-related kinase, TrkA, in this cell type. The proteasome inhibitor MG-132 can effectively counteract the geldanamycin-induced reduction of TrkA expression and it can render TrkA and ERK1/2 phosphorylation but not that of protein kinase B/Akt by nerve growth factor again inducible. We have found altered intracellular distribution of TrkA in geldanamycin-treated and proteasome-inhibited PC12 cells that may, at least from the viewpoint of protein localization explain why nerve growth factor remains without effect on protein kinase B/Akt. The lack of protein kinase B/Akt stimulation by nerve growth factor in turn reveals why nerve growth factor treatment cannot save PC12 cells from geldanamycin-induced programmed cell death. Our observations can help to better understand the mechanism of action of geldanamycin, a compound with strong human therapeutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary H-7643, Pécs, Szigeti út 12., Hungary
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Targeting levels or oligomerization of nucleophosmin 1 induces differentiation and loss of survival of human AML cells with mutant NPM1. Blood 2011; 118:3096-106. [PMID: 21719597 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-09-309674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is an oligomeric, nucleolar phosphoprotein that functions as a molecular chaperone for both proteins and nucleic acids. NPM1 is mutated in approximately one-third of patients with AML. The mutant NPM1c+ contains a 4-base insert that results in extra C-terminal residues encoding a nuclear export signal, which causes NPM1c+ to be localized in the cytoplasm. Here, we determined the effects of targeting NPM1 in cultured and primary AML cells. Treatment with siRNA to NPM1 induced p53 and p21, decreased the percentage of cells in S-phase of the cell cycle, as well as induced differentiation of the AML OCI-AML3 cells that express both NPMc+ and unmutated NPM1. Notably, knockdown of NPM1 by shRNA abolished lethal AML phenotype induced by OCI-AML3 cells in NOD/SCID mice. Knockdown of NPM1 also sensitized OCI-AML3 to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and cytarabine. Inhibition of NPM1 oligomerization by NSC348884 induced apoptosis and sensitized OCI-AML3 and primary AML cells expressing NPM1c+ to ATRA. This effect was significantly less in AML cells coexpressing FLT3-ITD, or in AML or normal CD34+ progenitor cells expressing wild-type NPM1. Thus, attenuating levels or oligomerization of NPM1 selectively induces apoptosis and sensitizes NPM1c+ expressing AML cells to treatment with ATRA and cytarabine.
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11
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Chiu WT, Shen SC, Yang LY, Chow JM, Wu CY, Chen YC. Inhibition of HSP90-dependent telomerase activity in amyloid β-induced apoptosis of cerebral endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2041-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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