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Bossaert M, Pipier A, Riou JF, Noirot C, Nguyên LT, Serre RF, Bouchez O, Defrancq E, Calsou P, Britton S, Gomez D. Transcription-associated topoisomerase 2α (TOP2A) activity is a major effector of cytotoxicity induced by G-quadruplex ligands. eLife 2021; 10:65184. [PMID: 34180392 PMCID: PMC8279764 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical DNA structures found in the genome of most species including human. Small molecules stabilizing these structures, called G4 ligands, have been identified and, for some of them, shown to induce cytotoxic DNA double-strand breaks. Through the use of an unbiased genetic approach, we identify here topoisomerase 2α (TOP2A) as a major effector of cytotoxicity induced by two clastogenic G4 ligands, pyridostatin and CX-5461, the latter molecule currently undergoing phase I/II clinical trials in oncology. We show that both TOP2 activity and transcription account for DNA break production following G4 ligand treatments. In contrast, clastogenic activity of these G4 ligands is countered by topoisomerase 1 (TOP1), which limits co-transcriptional G4 formation, and by factors promoting transcriptional elongation. Altogether our results support that clastogenic G4 ligands act as DNA structure-driven TOP2 poisons at transcribed regions bearing G4 structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Bossaert
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Angélique Pipier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Francois Riou
- Structure et Instabilité des Génomes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Céline Noirot
- INRAE, UR 875, Unité de Mathématique et Informatique Appliquées, Genotoul Bioinfo, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Linh-Trang Nguyên
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Bouchez
- INRAE, US 1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eric Defrancq
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5250, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrick Calsou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Britton
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
| | - Dennis Gomez
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2018, Toulouse, France
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Song S, Zhang Y, Ding T, Ji N, Zhao H. The Dual Role of Macropinocytosis in Cancers: Promoting Growth and Inducing Methuosis to Participate in Anticancer Therapies as Targets. Front Oncol 2021; 10:570108. [PMID: 33542897 PMCID: PMC7851083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macropinocytosis is an important mechanism of internalizing extracellular materials and dissolved molecules in eukaryotic cells. Macropinocytosis has a dual effect on cancer cells. On the one hand, cells expressing RAS genes (such as K-RAS, H-RAS) under the stress of nutrient deficiency can spontaneously produce constitutive macropinocytosis to promote the growth of cancer cells by internalization of extracellular nutrients (like proteins), receptors, and extracellular vesicles(EVs). On the other hand, abnormal expression of RAS genes and drug treatment (such as MOMIPP) can induce a novel cell death associated with hyperactivated macropinocytosis: methuosis. Based on the dual effect, there is immense potential for designing anticancer therapies that target macropinocytosis in cancer cells. In view of the fact that there has been little review of the dual effect of macropinocytosis in cancer cells, herein, we systematically review the general process of macropinocytosis, its specific manifestation in cancer cells, and its application in cancer treatment, including anticancer drug delivery and destruction of macropinocytosis. This review aims to serve as a reference for studying macropinocytosis in cancers and designing macropinocytosis-targeting anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Buzun K, Bielawska A, Bielawski K, Gornowicz A. DNA topoisomerases as molecular targets for anticancer drugs. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1781-1799. [PMID: 32975138 PMCID: PMC7534307 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1821676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The significant role of topoisomerases in the control of DNA chain topology has been confirmed in numerous research conducted worldwide. The prevalence of these enzymes, as well as the key importance of topoisomerase in the proper functioning of cells, have made them the target of many scientific studies conducted all over the world. This article is a comprehensive review of knowledge about topoisomerases and their inhibitors collected over the years. Studies on the structure-activity relationship and molecular docking are one of the key elements driving drug development. In addition to information on molecular targets, this article contains details on the structure-activity relationship of described classes of compounds. Moreover, the work also includes details about the structure of the compounds that drive the mode of action of topoisomerase inhibitors. Finally, selected topoisomerases inhibitors at the stage of clinical trials and their potential application in the chemotherapy of various cancers are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Buzun
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gornowicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Gao L, Ge C, Wang S, Xu X, Feng Y, Li X, Wang C, Wang Y, Dai F, Xie S. The Role of p53-Mediated Signaling in the Therapeutic Response of Colorectal Cancer to 9F, a Spermine-Modified Naphthalene Diimide Derivative. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030528. [PMID: 32106543 PMCID: PMC7139676 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers due to its frequency and high rate of mortality. Polyamine-vectorized anticancer drugs possess multiple biological properties. Of these drugs, 9F has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This current study aims to investigate the effects of 9F on CRC and determine its molecular mechanisms of action. Our findings demonstrate that 9F inhibits CRC cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and suppresses migration, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro, resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Based on RNA-seq data, further bioinformatic analyses suggest that 9F exerts its anticancer activities through p53 signaling, which is responsible for the altered expression of key regulators of the cell cycle, apoptosis, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis. In addition, 9F is more effective than amonafide against CRC. These results show that 9F can be considered as a potential strategy for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Chaochao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Senzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Pharmaceutical College, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China;
| | - Yongli Feng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Xinna Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuxia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China;
| | - Fujun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China; (L.G.); (C.G.); (S.W.); (Y.F.); (X.L.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.D.); (S.X.); Tel.: +86-159-3857-3755 (F.D.); +86-139-3863-7212 (S.X.)
| | - Songqiang Xie
- Pharmaceutical College, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China;
- Correspondence: (F.D.); (S.X.); Tel.: +86-159-3857-3755 (F.D.); +86-139-3863-7212 (S.X.)
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Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are enzymes that catalyze changes in the torsional and flexural strain of DNA molecules. Earlier studies implicated these enzymes in a variety of processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome segregation. Studies performed over the past 3 years have provided new insight into the roles of various topoisomerases in maintaining eukaryotic chromosome structure and facilitating the decatenation of daughter chromosomes at cell division. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that the incorporation of ribonucleotides into DNA results in trapping of topoisomerase I (TOP1)–DNA covalent complexes during aborted ribonucleotide removal. Importantly, such trapped TOP1–DNA covalent complexes, formed either during ribonucleotide removal or as a consequence of drug action, activate several repair processes, including processes involving the recently described nuclear proteases SPARTAN and GCNA-1. A variety of new TOP1 inhibitors and formulations, including antibody–drug conjugates and PEGylated complexes, exert their anticancer effects by also trapping these TOP1–DNA covalent complexes. Here we review recent developments and identify further questions raised by these new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ann Bjornsti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0019, USA
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Departments of Oncology and Molecular Pharmacolgy & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Li J, Tian R, Ge C, Chen Y, liu X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Luo W, Dai F, Wang S, Chen S, Xie S, Wang C. Discovery of the Polyamine Conjugate with Benzo[cd]indol-2(1H)-one as a Lysosome-Targeted Antimetastatic Agent. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6814-6829. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Oviatt AA, Kuriappan JA, Minniti E, Vann KR, Onuorah P, Minarini A, De Vivo M, Osheroff N. Polyamine-containing etoposide derivatives as poisons of human type II topoisomerases: Differential effects on topoisomerase IIα and IIβ. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2961-2968. [PMID: 30006062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Etoposide is an anticancer drug that acts by inducing topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage. Despite its wide use, etoposide is associated with some very serious side-effects including the development of treatment-related acute myelogenous leukemias. Etoposide targets both human topoisomerase IIα and IIβ. However, the contributions of the two enzyme isoforms to the therapeutic vs. leukemogenic properties of the drug are unclear. In order to develop an etoposide-based drug with specificity for cancer cells that express an active polyamine transport system, the sugar moiety of the drug has been replaced with a polyamine tail. To analyze the effects of this substitution on the specificity of hybrid molecules toward the two enzyme isoforms, we analyzed the activity of a series of etoposide-polyamine hybrids toward human topoisomerase IIα and IIβ. All of the compounds displayed an ability to induce enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage that was comparable to or higher than that of etoposide. Relative to the parent drug, the hybrid compounds displayed substantially higher activity toward topoisomerase IIβ than IIα. Modeling studies suggest that the enhanced specificity may result from interactions with Gln778 in topoisomerase IIβ. The corresponding residue in the α isoform is a methionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria A Oviatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Jissy A Kuriappan
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Elirosa Minniti
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kendra R Vann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Princess Onuorah
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco De Vivo
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA; Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-6307, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
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