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Feng Z, Gao L, Lu Y, He X, Xie J. The potential contribution of aberrant cathepsin K expression to gastric cancer pathogenesis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:218. [PMID: 38856944 PMCID: PMC11164852 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of cathepsin K (CTSK) expression in the pathogenesis and progression of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to elucidate the precise expression and biological role of CTSK in GC by employing a combination of bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Our findings indicated a significant upregulation of CTSK in GC. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that GC patients with a high level of CTSK expression exhibited enrichment of hallmark gene sets associated with angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammatory response, KRAS signaling up, TNFα signaling via KFκB, IL2-STAT5 signaling, and IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling. Additionally, these patients demonstrated elevated levels of M2-macrophage infiltration, which was also correlated with a poorer prognosis. The results of in vitro experiments provided confirmation that the over-expression of CTSK leads to an increase in the proliferative and invasive abilities of GC cells. However, further evaluation was necessary to determine the impact of CTSK on the migration capability of these cells. Our findings suggested that CTSK has the potential to facilitate the initiation and progression of GC by augmenting the invasive capacity of GC cells, engaging in tumor-associated EMT, and fostering the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Feng
- Jiangmen Central Hospital, No. 23, Haibang Street, Pengjiang District, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lina Gao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yapeng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Jianqin Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuiyingmen, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Lu J, Bang H, Kim SM, Cho SJ, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Zheng CH, Ryeom SW, Yoon SS, Yoon C, Lee JH. Retraction Note: Lymphatic metastasis-related TBL1XR1 enhances stemness and metastasis in gastric cancer stem-like cells by activating ERK1/2-SOX2 signaling. Oncogene 2024; 43:838. [PMID: 38378920 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Heejin Bang
- Department of Pathology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Mi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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3
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Molecular Insight into Gastric Cancer Invasion-Current Status and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38201481 PMCID: PMC10778111 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. There has been no efficient therapy for stage IV GC patients due to this disease's heterogeneity and dissemination ability. Despite the rapid advancement of molecular targeted therapies, such as HER2 and immune checkpoint inhibitors, survival of GC patients is still unsatisfactory because the understanding of the mechanism of GC progression is still incomplete. Invasion is the most important feature of GC metastasis, which causes poor mortality in patients. Recently, genomic research has critically deepened our knowledge of which gene products are dysregulated in invasive GC. Furthermore, the study of the interaction of GC cells with the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a principal subject in driving invasion and metastasis. These results are expected to provide a profound knowledge of how biological molecules are implicated in GC development. This review summarizes the advances in our current understanding of the molecular mechanism of GC invasion. We also highlight the future directions of the invasion therapeutics of GC. Compared to conventional therapy using protease or molecular inhibitors alone, multi-therapy targeting invasion plasticity may seem to be an assuring direction for the progression of novel strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan;
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Clevenger AJ, McFarlin MK, Collier CA, Sheshadri VS, Madyastha AK, Gorley JPM, Solberg SC, Stratman AN, Raghavan SA. Peristalsis-Associated Mechanotransduction Drives Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:261-281. [PMID: 37811008 PMCID: PMC10550901 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor microenvironment, cancerous and precancerous cells continuously experience mechanical forces associated with peristalsis. Given that mechanical forces like shear stress and strain can positively impact cancer progression, we explored the hypothesis that peristalsis may also contribute to malignant progression in CRC. We defined malignant progression as enrichment of cancer stem cells and the acquisition of invasive behaviors, both vital to CRC progression. Methods We leveraged our peristalsis bioreactor to expose CRC cell lines (HCT116), patient-derived xenograft (PDX1,2) lines, or non-cancerous intestinal cells (HIEC-6) to forces associated with peristalsis in vitro. Cells were maintained in static control conditions or exposed to peristalsis for 24 h prior to assessment of cancer stem cell (CSC) emergence or the acquisition of invasive phenotypes. Results Exposure of HCT116 cells to peristalsis significantly increased the emergence of LGR5+ CSCs by 1.8-fold compared to static controls. Peristalsis enriched LGR5 positivity in several CRC cell lines, notably significant in KRAS mutant lines. In contrast, peristalsis failed to increase LGR5+ in non-cancerous intestinal cells, HIEC-6. LGR5+ emergence downstream of peristalsis was dependent on ROCK and Wnt activity, and not YAP1 activation. Additionally, HCT116 cells adopted invasive morphologies when exposed to peristalsis, with increased filopodia density and epithelial to mesenchymal gene expression, in a Wnt dependent manner. Conclusions Peristalsis associated forces drive malignant progression of CRC via ROCK, YAP1, and Wnt-related mechanotransduction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00776-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J. Clevenger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Maygan K. McFarlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Claudia A. Collier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Vibha S. Sheshadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Anirudh K. Madyastha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - John Paul M. Gorley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Spencer C. Solberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Amber N. Stratman
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Shreya A. Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
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Yoon C, Lu J, Jun Y, Suh YS, Kim BJ, Till JE, Kim JH, Keshavjee SH, Ryeom S, Yoon SS. KRAS activation in gastric cancer stem-like cells promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:690. [PMID: 37481516 PMCID: PMC10362758 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work showed that KRAS activation in gastric cancer cells leads to activation of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and generation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Here we analyze how this KRAS activation in gastric CSCs promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Gastric cancer CSCs were found to secrete pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and inhibition of KRAS markedly reduced secretion of these factors. In a genetically engineered mouse model, gastric tumorigenesis was markedly attenuated when both KRAS and VEGF-A signaling were blocked. In orthotropic implant and experimental metastasis models, silencing of KRAS and VEGF-A using shRNA in gastric CSCs abrogated primary tumor formation, lymph node metastasis, and lung metastasis far greater than individual silencing of KRAS or VEGF-A. Analysis of gastric cancer patient samples using RNA sequencing revealed a clear association between high expression of the gastric CSC marker CD44 and expression of both KRAS and VEGF-A, and high CD44 and VEGF-A expression predicted worse overall survival. In conclusion, KRAS activation in gastric CSCs enhances secretion of pro-angiogenic factors and promotes tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building 7-002, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yukyung Jun
- Center for Supercomputing Applications, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Division of National, SupercomputingDaejeon, Korea
| | - Yun-Suhk Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University, Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bang-Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building 7-002, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacob E Till
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Hyupsung University, Hwasung-Si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sara H Keshavjee
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building 7-002, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sandra Ryeom
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building 7-002, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building 7-002, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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System Analysis Based on Lipid-Metabolism-Related Genes Identifies AGT as a Novel Therapy Target for Gastric Cancer with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030810. [PMID: 36986671 PMCID: PMC10051152 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and chemotherapy is still a standard strategy for treating patients with advanced GC. Lipid metabolism has been reported to play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of GC. However, the potential values of lipid-metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) concerning prognostic value and the prediction of chemotherapy responsiveness in GC remains unclear. A total of 714 stomach adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using univariate Cox and LASSO regression analyses, we developed a risk signature based on LMRGs that can distinguish high-GC-risk patients from low-risk patients with significant differences in overall survival. We further validated this signature prognostic value using the GEO database. The R package “pRRophetic” was applied to calculate the sensitivity of each sample from high- and low-risk groups to chemotherapy drugs. The expression of two LMRGs, AGT and ENPP7, can predict the prognosis and response to chemotherapy in GC. Furthermore, AGT significantly promoted GC growth and migration, and the downregulation of AGT enhanced the chemotherapy response of GC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, AGT induced significant levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the PI3K/AKT pathway. The PI3K/AKT pathway agonist 740 Y-P can restore the EMT of GC cells impaired by AGT knockdown and treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Our findings suggest that AGT plays a key role in the development of GC, and targeting AGT may help to improve the chemotherapy response of GC patients.
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7
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Patient-derived spheroids and patient-derived organoids simulate evolutions of lung cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13829. [PMID: 36895411 PMCID: PMC9988482 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells harbor many genetic mutations and gene expression profiles different from normal cells. Patient-derived cancer cells (PDCC) are preferred materials in cancer study. We established patient-derived spheroids (PDSs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from PDCCs isolated from the malignant pleural effusion in 8 patients. The morphologies suggested that PDSs may be a model of local cancer extensions, while PDOs may be a model of distant cancer metastases. The gene expression profiles differed between PDSs and PDOs: Gene sets related to inflammatory responses and EMT were antithetically regulated in PDSs or in PDOs. PDSs demonstrated an attenuation of the pathways that contribute to the enhancement of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), while PDOs demonstrated an attenuation of it. Taken together, PDSs and PDOs have differences in both the interaction to the immune systems and to the stroma. PDSs and PDOs will provide a model system that enable intimate investigation of the behavior of cancer cells in the body.
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Modesto AAC, de Moraes MR, Valente CMD, Costa MSCR, Leal DFDVB, Pereira EEB, Fernandes MR, Pinheiro JADS, Pantoja KBCC, Moreira FC, Burbano RMR, de Assumpção PP, dos Santos NPC, dos Santos SEB. Association between INDELs in MicroRNAs and Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer in Amazonian Population. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010060. [PMID: 36672804 PMCID: PMC9858651 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial, complex, and aggressive disease with a prevalence of one million new cases and high global mortality. Factors such as genetic, epigenetic, and environmental changes contribute to the onset and progression of the disease. Identification of INDELs in miRNA and its target sites in current studies showed an important role in the development of cancer. In GC, miRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, favoring important cancer pathways, such as cell proliferation and migration. This work aims to investigate INDELs in the coding region of miRNAs (hsa-miR-302c, hsa-miR-548AJ-2, hsa-miR-4274, hsa-miR-630, hsa-miR-516B-2, hsa-miR-4463, hsa-miR-3945, hsa-miR-548H_4, hsa-miR-920, has-mir-3171, and hsa-miR-3652) that may be associated with susceptibility and clinical variants of gastric cancer. For this study, 301 patients with GC and 145 individuals from the control group were selected from an admixed population in the Brazilian Amazon. The results showed the hsa-miR-4463, hsa-miR-3945, hsa-miR-548H_4, hsa-miR-920 and hsa-miR-3652 variants were associated with gastric cancer susceptibility. The hsa-miR-4463 was significantly associated with clinical features of GC such as diffuse gastric tumor histological type, "non-cardia" localization region, and early onset. Our findings indicated that INDELs could be potentially functional genetic variants for gastric cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio A. C. Modesto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Milene R. de Moraes
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Cristina M. D. Valente
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Marta S. C. R. Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Diana F. da V. B. Leal
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Esdras E. B. Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Marianne R. Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-99123-4727
| | - Jhully A. dos S. Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Karla B. C. C. Pantoja
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiano C. Moreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo P. de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Ney P. C. dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Sidney E. B. dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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Yang Y, Meng WJ, Wang ZQ. The origin of gastric cancer stem cells and their effects on gastric cancer: Novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960539. [PMID: 36185219 PMCID: PMC9520244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Furthermore, the prognosis of advanced GC remains poor even after surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy. As a small group of cells with unlimited differentiation and self-renewal ability in GC, accumulating evidence shows that GC stem cells (GCSCs) are closely associated with the refractory characteristics of GC, such as drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. With the extensive development of research on GCSCs, GCSCs seem to be promising therapeutic targets for GC. However, the relationship between GCSCs and GC is profound and intricate, and its mechanism of action is still under exploration. In this review, we elaborate on the source and key concepts of GCSCs, systematically summarize the role of GCSCs in GC and their underlying mechanisms. Finally, we review the latest information available on the treatment of GC by targeting GCSCs. Thus, this article may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of the novel targets based on GCSCs for the treatment of GC.
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10
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Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang S, Wei L, Cheng H, Wang J, Wang J. Impacts and mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming of tumor microenvironment for immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:378. [PMID: 35444235 PMCID: PMC9021207 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders and abnormal immune function changes occur in tumor tissues and cells to varying degrees. There is increasing evidence that reprogrammed energy metabolism contributes to the development of tumor suppressive immune microenvironment and influences the course of gastric cancer (GC). Current studies have found that tumor microenvironment (TME) also has important clinicopathological significance in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Novel approaches targeting TME therapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), metabolic inhibitors and key enzymes of immune metabolism, have been involved in the treatment of GC. However, the interaction between GC cells metabolism and immune metabolism and how to make better use of these immunotherapy methods in the complex TME in GC are still being explored. Here, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming of GC cells and immune cells involved in GC immune responses modulate anti-tumor immune responses, as well as the effects of gastrointestinal flora in TME and GC. It is also proposed how to enhance anti-tumor immune response by understanding the targeted metabolism of these metabolic reprogramming to provide direction for the treatment and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Hongbing Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Department of Microbiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Department of Immunology, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
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11
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Du Y, Sui Y, Cao J, Jiang X, Wang Y, Yu J, Wang B, Wang X, Xue B. Dynamic Changes in Myofibroblasts Affect the Carcinogenesis and Prognosis of Bladder Cancer Associated With Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833578. [PMID: 35309916 PMCID: PMC8924465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a tumor that possesses significant heterogeneity, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development of BLCA. The TME chiefly consists of tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells admixed with stromal components. Recent studies have revealed that stromal components, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), affect immune cell infiltration and modulate the extracellular matrix in the TME of BLCA, ultimately impacting the prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of BLCA. Among the subgroups of CAFs, myofibroblasts (myCAFs) were the most abundant and were demonstrated to play an essential role in affecting the prognosis of various tumors, including BLCA. However, the dynamic changes in myCAFs during carcinogenesis and tumor progression have been less discussed previously. With the help of bioinformatics algorithms, we discussed the roles of myCAFs in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of BLCA in this manuscript. Our study highlighted the pathogenesis of BLCA was accompanied by a decrease in the abundance of myCAFs, revealing potential protective properties of myCAFs in the carcinogenesis of BLCA. Meanwhile, the reduced expressions of myCAFs marker genes were highly accurate in predicting tumorigenesis. In contrast, we also demonstrated that myCAFs regulated extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor metabolism, cancer stemness, and oncological mutations, ultimately impacting the treatment responsiveness and prognosis of BLCA patients. Thus, our research revealed the bimodal roles of myCAFs in the development of BLCA, which may be associated with the temporal change of the TME. The in-depth study of myofibroblasts and the TME may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiHeng Du
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - YiQun Sui
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - XiZhi Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: XiZhi Wang, ; BoXin Xue,
| | - BoXin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: XiZhi Wang, ; BoXin Xue,
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12
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Jia X, Chen B, Li Z, Huang S, Chen S, Zhou R, Feng W, Zhu H, Zhu X. Identification of a Four-Gene-Based SERM Signature for Prognostic and Drug Sensitivity Prediction in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:799223. [PMID: 35096599 PMCID: PMC8790320 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.799223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly molecular heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are reported to share common signaling pathways and cause poor prognosis in GC. Considering about the close relationship between these two processes, we aimed to establish a gene signature based on both processes to achieve better prognostic prediction in GC. Methods The gene signature was constructed by univariate Cox and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GC cohort. We performed enrichment analyses to explore the potential mechanisms of the gene signature. Kaplan-Meier analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were implemented to assess its prognostic value in TCGA cohort. The prognostic value of gene signature on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and drug sensitivity was validated in different cohorts. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation of the prognostic value of gene signature for OS and DFS prediction was performed in the Fudan cohort. Results A prognostic signature including SERPINE1, EDIL3, RGS4, and MATN3 (SERM signature) was constructed to predict OS, DFS, and drug sensitivity in GC. Enrichment analyses illustrated that the gene signature has tight connection with the CSC and EMT processes in GC. Patients were divided into two groups based on the risk score obtained from the formula. The Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated high-risk group yielded significantly poor prognosis compared with low-risk group. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the risk score was positively correlated with carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil IC50 of GC cell lines. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the gene signature was an independent prognostic factor for predicting GC patients’ OS, DFS, and susceptibility to adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions Our SERM prognostic signature is of great value for OS, DFS, and drug sensitivity prediction in GC, which may give guidance to the development of targeted therapy for CSC- and EMT-related gene in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziteng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runye Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanjing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Pandian J, Ganesan K. Delineation of gastric tumors with activated ERK/MAPK signaling cascades for the development of targeted therapeutics. Exp Cell Res 2022; 410:112956. [PMID: 34864005 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The ERK/MAPK signaling pathway is activated in various cancers including gastric cancer. Targeting the ERK/MAPK/MEK pathway has been considered as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, MEK inhibition leads to a series of resistance mechanisms due to mutations in MEK, elevated expression of RAS or RAF proteins and activation of the associated signaling pathways. In the present study, ERK/MAPK pathway specific gene signatures were identified to be highly activated in intestinal subtype gastric tumors. Inhibition of ERK/MAPK pathway with the inhibitor PD98059 in gastric cancer cell lines by in vitro signaling pathway and genome-wide expression profiling revealed the associated signaling pathways. Functional genomic investigation of the ERK/MAPK regulated genes reveals the association of ERK/MAPK pathway with E2F, Myc, SOX-2, TGF-β, OCT4 and Notch pathways in gastric cancer cells. Of these, E2F, Myc and SOX-2 pathways are activated in intestinal subtype gastric tumors and TGF-β, OCT4, Notch pathways are activated in diffuse subtype gastric tumors. Further, the mutational load of gastric tumors was found to have association and correlation with the activation pattern of ERK/MAPK pathways across gastric tumors. ERK/MAPK activation was also found to represent the EBV and MSI activated subtypes of gastric tumors. Identification of potent drug candidates inhibiting the ERK/MAPK and associated pathways would pave a way for developing the targeted therapeutics for a subset of gastric tumors with activated ERK/MAPK signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishree Pandian
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
| | - Kumaresan Ganesan
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
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14
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Lu J, Cao LL, Xu Y, Huang XY, Cho SJ, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Li P, Zheng CH, Kim JW, Ryeom SW, Yoon SS, Yoon C, Huang CM. WITHDRAWN: FOXC1 modulates stem-like cell properties and chemoresistance through hedgehog and EMT signaling in gastric adenocarcinoma. Mol Ther 2021:S1525-0016(21)00464-0. [PMID: 34534693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China; Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Long-Long Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical, 35001 University, Fuzhou 35001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 100-000, South Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20541, USA
| | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20541, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 100-000, South Korea
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19019, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032.
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
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15
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Dong C, Rao N, Du W, Gao F, Lv X, Wang G, Zhang J. mRBioM: An Algorithm for the Identification of Potential mRNA Biomarkers From Complete Transcriptomic Profiles of Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:679612. [PMID: 34386038 PMCID: PMC8354214 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.679612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this work, an algorithm named mRBioM was developed for the identification of potential mRNA biomarkers (PmBs) from complete transcriptomic RNA profiles of gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Methods mRBioM initially extracts differentially expressed (DE) RNAs (mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs). Next, mRBioM calculates the total information amount of each DE mRNA based on the coexpression network, including three types of RNAs and the protein-protein interaction network encoded by DE mRNAs. Finally, PmBs were identified according to the variation trend of total information amount of all DE mRNAs. Four PmB-based classifiers without learning and with learning were designed to discriminate the sample types to confirm the reliability of PmBs identified by mRBioM. PmB-based survival analysis was performed. Finally, three other cancer datasets were used to confirm the generalization ability of mRBioM. Results mRBioM identified 55 PmBs (41 upregulated and 14 downregulated) related to GA. The list included thirteen PmBs that have been verified as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets of gastric cancer, and some PmBs were newly identified. Most PmBs were primarily enriched in the pathways closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Cancer-related factors without learning achieved sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.90, 1, and 0.90, respectively, in the classification of the GA and control samples. Average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the three classifiers with machine learning ranged within 0.94–0.98, 0.94–0.97, and 0.97–1, respectively. The prognostic risk score model constructed by 4 PmBs was able to correctly and significantly (∗∗∗p < 0.001) classify 269 GA patients into the high-risk (n = 134) and low-risk (n = 135) groups. GA equivalent classification performance was achieved using the complete transcriptomic RNA profiles of colon adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma using PmBs identified by mRBioM. Conclusions GA-related PmBs have high specificity and sensitivity and strong prognostic risk prediction. MRBioM has also good generalization. These PmBs may have good application prospects for early diagnosis of GA and may help to elucidate the mechanism governing the occurrence and development of GA. Additionally, mRBioM is expected to be applied for the identification of other cancer-related biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlong Dong
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nini Rao
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenju Du
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenglin Gao
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lv
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junpeng Zhang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Targeting cPLA2α inhibits gastric cancer and augments chemotherapy efficacy via suppressing Ras/MEK/ERK and Akt/β-catenin pathways. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:689-697. [PMID: 34255137 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytosolic phospholipase A2alpha (cPLA2α), an enzyme that is responsible for the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, is a key mediator of tumor transformation, progression and metastasis. The role of cPLA2α in gastric cancer has not been revealed. METHODS cPLA2α expression was analyzed using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry approaches in gastric cancer patient samples (n = 26) and multiple cell lines (n = 7). cPLA2α function was studied using plasmid overexpression and siRNA knockdown approaches in SNU-1, MKN-74 and MKN-45 cell lines. The downstream effectors of cPLA2α were determined using biochemical assays. RESULTS cPLA2α upregulation is a common feature in gastric cancer patients, particularly those with metastasis. cPLA2α overexpression is sufficient to promote gastric cancer cell growth and migration, and confer chemo-resistance. cPLA2α depletion is active against gastric cancer via inhibiting growth and migration, and inducing apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Of note, cPLA2α depletion augments efficacy of chemotherapy. Mechanistic studies confirm that cPLA2α regulates gastric cancer biological activities via mainly regulating Ras/MEK/ERK and possibly Akt/β-catenin pathways. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis also suggests a moderate positive correlation between cPLA2α and RAS in gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrates cPLA2α inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to overcome chemo-resistance and highlights the association of cPLA2α and Ras in gastric cancer.
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17
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Dysregulated KRAS gene-signaling axis and abnormal chromatin remodeling drive therapeutic resistance in heterogeneous-sized circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer patients. Cancer Lett 2021; 517:78-87. [PMID: 34126192 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which heterogeneous-sized circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in gastric cancer (GC) patients are resistant to the targeted therapy and/or chemotherapy remains unclear. This study investigated prognostic value and genomic variations of size-heterogenous CTCs, in an attempt to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic resistance, which is relevant to poor prognosis in GC. Aneuploid CTCs, detected in 111 advanced GC patients, were categorized into small (≤white blood cell [WBC], 25.54%) and large (>WBC, 74.46%) cells. Pre-treatment patients possessing ≥3 baseline small CTCs with trisomy 8 (SCTCstri) or ≥6 large multiploid CTCs (LCTCsmulti) showed an inferior median progression-free survival. Moreover, the cut-off value of ≥6 LCTCsmulti was also an effective prognosticator for poor median overall survival. Single cell-based DNA sequencing of 50 targeted CTCs indicated that SCTCstri and LCTCsmulti harbored distinct gene variations respectively. Mutations in the KRAS and Rap1 pathway were remarkably abundant in SCTCstri, whereas several unique mutations in the MET/PI3K/AKT pathway and SMARCB1 gene were identified in LCTCsmulti. Obtained results suggested that SCTCstri and LCTCsmulti exhibited different mechanisms to therapy resistance and correlated with patients' poor outcome.
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18
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Lin JX, Yoon C, Li P, Yu Q, Qiu SL, Zheng CH, Yoon SS, Huang CM. Increased CD44 Expression and MEK Activity Predict Worse Prognosis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:1147-1155. [PMID: 32410176 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have shown that activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-RAS pathway in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) promotes acquisition of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) phenotypes including metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. Here, we evaluated the prognostic value of the CSC marker CD44 and the RTK-RAS activation marker phosphorylated MEK (p-MEK) in patients with resectable GA. METHODS CD44 and p-MEK were measured in tumors from GA patients who underwent curative-intent gastrectomy at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (FMUUH, n = 134) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC, n = 56). Overall survival (OS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. RESULTS Despite multiple significant differences in clinicopathologic characteristics between the FMUUH and MSKCC cohorts, high CD44 and high p-MEK expression were both independent negative prognostic factors for OS on univariate analysis in both cohorts (p < 0.05). Both factors were also significant on multivariate analysis when the cohorts were combined (p ≤ 0.003). On subgroup analysis, the 5-year OS of patients with both high CD44 and high p-MEK was 39.5-41.6% compared with 55.4-66.4% for patients with low CD44. High CD44 expression was associated with more advanced TNM stage in the FMUUH cohort and larger tumor size and undifferentiated histology in the MSKCC cohort. High p-MEK was associated with undifferentiated histology in the FMUUH cohort and larger tumor size in the MSKCC cohort. CONCLUSIONS Increased CD44 and p-MEK expression are predictive of worse OS in GA patients. Thus, targeting the RTK-RAS pathway may benefit patients with CD44-positive, RAS-activated GA by inhibiting metastasis and reversing chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, H-1209, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, H-1209, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, H-1209, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
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19
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Zhang Y, Zhu L, Wang X. NEM-Tar: A Probabilistic Graphical Model for Cancer Regulatory Network Inference and Prioritization of Potential Therapeutic Targets From Multi-Omics Data. Front Genet 2021; 12:608042. [PMID: 33968127 PMCID: PMC8100334 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.608042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy has been widely adopted as an effective treatment strategy to battle against cancer. However, cancers are not single disease entities, but comprising multiple molecularly distinct subtypes, and the heterogeneity nature prevents precise selection of patients for optimized therapy. Dissecting cancer subtype-specific signaling pathways is crucial to pinpointing dysregulated genes for the prioritization of novel therapeutic targets. Nested effects models (NEMs) are a group of graphical models that encode subset relations between observed downstream effects under perturbations to upstream signaling genes, providing a prototype for mapping the inner workings of the cell. In this study, we developed NEM-Tar, which extends the original NEMs to predict drug targets by incorporating causal information of (epi)genetic aberrations for signaling pathway inference. An information theory-based score, weighted information gain (WIG), was proposed to assess the impact of signaling genes on a specific downstream biological process of interest. Subsequently, we conducted simulation studies to compare three inference methods and found that the greedy hill-climbing algorithm demonstrated the highest accuracy and robustness to noise. Furthermore, two case studies were conducted using multi-omics data for colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC) in the TCGA database. Using NEM-Tar, we inferred signaling networks driving the poor-prognosis subtypes of CRC and GC, respectively. Our model prioritized not only potential individual drug targets such as HER2, for which FDA-approved inhibitors are available but also the combinations of multiple targets potentially useful for the design of combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Lu J, Bang H, Kim SM, Cho SJ, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Zheng CH, Ryeom SW, Yoon SS, Yoon C, Lee JH. Lymphatic metastasis-related TBL1XR1 enhances stemness and metastasis in gastric cancer stem-like cells by activating ERK1/2-SOX2 signaling. Oncogene 2021; 40:922-936. [PMID: 33288885 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) results largely from metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. Toward novel therapeutic strategies that target or evade these phenomena, we evaluated the function of the transcriptional regulator transducin (β)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) in GC cells, including stem-like cells. In this study, the correlation of expression of TBL1XR1 and clinical features and GC patients' outcomes was evaluated. Knockdown or exogenous expression of TBL1XR1 was combined with in vitro (2D and 3D cultures) and in vivo (mouse lung and lymphatic metastasis models) assays to evaluate the function of TBL1XR1. TBL1XR1's downstream signaling was delineated by phospho-kinase array and knockdown of candidate mediators. Analysis of clinical data showed that TBL1XR1 overexpression was correlated with worse prognosis. Functional assays showed that TBL1XR1 promoted stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and lung and lymphatic metastasis in GC cells. TBL1XR1 activated ERK1/2-Sox2 signaling and was dependent on signaling via PI3K/AKT, in GC stem-like cells distinguished by CD44 expression. Moreover, inhibition of these signaling proteins reversed chemoresistance in in vitro and in vivo models. Taken together, our results indicate that TBL1XR1 promotes stemness and metastasis in GC, making it a potential prognostic indicator. The PI3K/AKT-TBL1XR1-ERK1/2-Sox2 axis may represent a target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Heejin Bang
- Department of Pathology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Mi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Fang Z, Meng Q, Zhang B, Shi S, Liu J, Liang C, Hua J, Yu X, Xu J, Wang W. Prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA in pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2031-2048. [PMID: 33318293 PMCID: PMC7880399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has revealed the potential correlation between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer, but inconsistent findings have been reported. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of ctDNA in pancreatic cancer. The Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles published until April 2020. Articles reporting the correlation between ctDNA and the prognosis of pancreatic cancer were identified through database searches. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for prognostic data were calculated and analyzed using Stata software. A total of 2326 patients pooled from 25 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of ctDNA in pancreatic cancer. Patients with mutations detected or high concentrations of ctDNA had a significantly poorer overall survival (OS) (univariate: HR = 2.54; 95% CI, 2.05-3.14; multivariate: HR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.69-2.54) and progression-free survival (PFS) (univariate: HR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.41-3.37; multivariate: HR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.38-3.52). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis indicates that mutations detected or high concentrations of ctDNA are significant predictors of OS and PFS in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengli Fang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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22
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Pinto MP, Córdova-Delgado M, Retamal IN, Muñoz-Medel M, Bravo ML, Durán D, Villanueva F, Sanchez C, Acevedo F, Mondaca S, Koch E, Ibañez C, Galindo H, Madrid J, Nervi B, Peña J, Torres J, Owen GI, Corvalán AH, Armisén R, Garrido M. A Molecular Stratification of Chilean Gastric Cancer Patients with Potential Clinical Applicability. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1863. [PMID: 32664343 PMCID: PMC7408697 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease. In recent decades, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) defined GC molecular subtypes. Unfortunately, these systems require high-cost and complex techniques and consequently their impact in the clinic has remained limited. Additionally, most of these studies are based on European, Asian, or North American GC cohorts. Herein, we report a molecular classification of Chilean GC patients into five subtypes, based on immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) methods. These were Epstein-Barr virus positive (EBV+), mismatch repair-deficient (MMR-D), epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like, and accumulated (p53+) or undetected p53 (p53-). Given its lower costs this system has the potential for clinical applicability. Our results confirm relevant molecular alterations previously reported by TCGA and ACRG. We confirm EBV+ and MMR-D patients had the best prognosis and could be candidates for immunotherapy. Conversely, EMT-like displayed the poorest prognosis; our data suggest FGFR2 or KRAS could serve as potential actionable targets for these patients. Finally, we propose a low-cost step-by-step stratification system for GC patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Latin American report on a molecular classification for GC. Pending further validation, this stratification system could be implemented into the routine clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio P. Pinto
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Miguel Córdova-Delgado
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile
| | - Ignacio N. Retamal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile;
| | - Matías Muñoz-Medel
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - M. Loreto Bravo
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Doris Durán
- Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510157, Chile;
| | - Francisco Villanueva
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - César Sanchez
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Francisco Acevedo
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Sebastián Mondaca
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Erica Koch
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Carolina Ibañez
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Héctor Galindo
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Jorge Madrid
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Bruno Nervi
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - José Peña
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Javiera Torres
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile;
| | - Gareth I. Owen
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8330034, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alejandro H. Corvalán
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago 8330034, Chile
| | - Ricardo Armisén
- Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7590943, Chile;
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330077, Chile; (M.P.P.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (M.L.B.); (F.V.); (C.S.); (F.A.); (S.M.); (E.K.); (C.I.); (H.G.); (J.M.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (G.I.O.); (A.H.C.)
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23
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Mechanisms of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Microenvironment in Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041055. [PMID: 32340207 PMCID: PMC7225971 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human pathogens, affecting half of the world’s population. Approximately 20% of the infected patients develop gastric ulcers or neoplastic changes in the gastric stroma. An infection also leads to the progression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition within gastric tissue, increasing the probability of gastric cancer development. This paper aims to review the role of H. pylori and its virulence factors in epithelial–mesenchymal transition associated with malignant transformation within the gastric stroma. The reviewed factors included: CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) along with induction of cancer stem-cell properties and interaction with YAP (Yes-associated protein pathway), tumor necrosis factor α-inducing protein, Lpp20 lipoprotein, Afadin protein, penicillin-binding protein 1A, microRNA-29a-3p, programmed cell death protein 4, lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 4β, cancer-associated fibroblasts, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The review summarizes the most recent findings, providing insight into potential molecular targets and new treatment strategies for gastric cancer.
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SERPINH1 regulates EMT and gastric cancer metastasis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3574-3593. [PMID: 32091407 PMCID: PMC7066881 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of SERPINH1 in gastric cancer (GC) progression. GC patient tissues show significantly higher SERPINH1 mRNA and protein levels than normal gastric mucosal tissues. GC patients with high SERPINH1 expression are associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. SERPINH1 mRNA levels negatively correlate with E-cadherin mRNA levels and positively correlate with levels of N-cadherin, MMP2, and MMP9 mRNA levels. This suggests SERPINH1 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). SERPINH1 expression was significantly higher in the HGC-27, AGS, MGC-803, and SGC-7901 GC cell lines than in the GES-1 normal gastric mucosal cell line. In SERPINH1-silenced SGC-7901 cells, survival, colony formation, migration and invasion were all reduced, whereas they were all enhanced in SERPINH1-overexpressing MGC-803 cells. Levels of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins, including β-catenin, Wnt2, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, NF-κB P65, Snail1, Slug and TWIST, were all reduced in SERPINH1-silenced SGC-7901 cells, and increased in the SERPINH1-overexpressing MGC-803 cells. Inhibition of SERPINH1 protein using Co1003 significantly decreased survival, invasion, and migration of GC cells. SERPINH1 thus appears to regulate EMT and GC progression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, making SERPINH1 a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in GC patients.
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25
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Cheng Y, Li L, Pan S, Jiang H, Jin H. Targeting Frizzled-7 Decreases Stemness and Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Gastric Cancer Cells by Suppressing Myc Expression. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8637-8644. [PMID: 31733054 PMCID: PMC6874837 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the promoting roles of Frizzled-7 (Fzd7) have been shown before, its effects in gastric cancer (GC) cell stemness are still unclear. The present study assessed the effects of Fzd7 on GC cell stemness and chemoresistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical samples were used to detect Fzd7 expression and online datasets were used to analyze the correlation between Fzd7 expression and GC patient prognosis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blot, and spheroid formation were used to detect the stemness of cells and Fzd7-mediated effects on GC cell stemness. Cell viability was assessed to evaluate the role of Fzd7 in chemoresistance of GC cells. RESULTS We found that the expression of Frizzled-7 (Fzd7), a Wnt receptor, was increased in gastric cancer (GC) cells and tissues. Additionally, Fzd7 expression was correlated with shorter overall survival of GC patients. Knockdown of Fzd7 or using inhibitors of Wnt/Fzd (OMP-18R5/Vantictumad) decreased GC cell stemness, characterized as a decrease of spheroid formation ability and expression of stemness regulators. Notably, Fzd7 knockdown or inhibitors of Wnt/Fzd attenuated the chemoresistance of GC cells. Furthermore, elevation of Myc expression rescued the effects of Fzd7 inhibition on GC cell stemness and chemoresistance. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that inhibition of Fzd7 decreases the stemness and chemotherapeutic resistance of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Puren Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Li Li
- Department of Science and Education, Wuhan Puren Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Sirong Pan
- Department of Medicine, Wuhan Puren Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Huilin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Xiehe Jiangbei Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hongyan Jin
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Puren Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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26
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Cheng Y, Yang S, Shen B, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu T, Xu S, Sui J, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. Molecular characterization of lung cancer: A two-miRNA prognostic signature based on cancer stem-like cells related genes. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2889-2900. [PMID: 31692042 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. To increase the survival rate of lung cancer, it is necessary to explore specific prognosis markers. More and more evidence finds that noncoding RNA is closely associated with the survival of lung cancer, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) also play a significant role in the progress of lung cancer. The objective of this study is to find CSLCs genes that affect the prognosis of lung cancer. The differential expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and differential expression data from microarray of CD326+ and CD326- A549 cell are intersected to identify stable and consistent expression genes (2 lncRNAs, 15 miRNAs, and 134 mRNAs). The intersection of lncRNAs and miRNAs is analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression to obtained prognostic genes. Two miRNAs (miR-30b-5p and miR-29c-3p) are significantly correlated with the overall survival rate. Then using these two miRNAs to construct a risk score model as a prognosis signature of lung cancer. Subsequently, we analyzed the association between two miRNAs and clinical information of lung cancer patients, of which T stage, Neoplasm cancer and risk score (P < .05) can be used as independent prognostic indicators of lung cancer. Finally, target genes of 2 miRNAs and 134 mRNAs were annotated with Gene Ontology and analyzed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, and verified with the GEO database. In summary, this study illustrates the role of miRNAs in the promotion of lung cancer by CSCs, which is important to find molecular biomarkers of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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