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de Oliveira K, Severo J, da Silva A, dos Santos B, Mendes P, Sabino J, Filho A, Correia-de-Sá P, dos Santos A, da Silva M. P2X7 receptor antagonist improves gastrointestinal disorders in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12569. [PMID: 36856255 PMCID: PMC9974071 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purinergic system participates in the control of blood pressure. Hypertension promotes the occurrence of gastrointestinal disorders such as intestinal inflammation and gastric emptying delay. This study aimed i) to investigate the participation of the P2X7 receptor blocker Brilliant Blue G (BBG) on gastric emptying of solids and changes in oxidative stress in the gastric fundus, duodenum, and colon of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and ii) to study the putative relationship of this effect with the renin-angiotensin system. Rats were divided into five groups: Control, SHR, SHR+BBG, SHR+BBG+ATP, and SHR+BBG+ANG II. In the gastrointestinal tract, we assessed gastric emptying (GE) and oxidative stress markers (NOx, MPO, GSH, SOD). We observed a decrease in the GE rate (P<0.05) in SHR vs control rats (21.8±2.0% vs 42.8±3.5%). The decrease in GE was returned (P<0.05) to control levels by BBG in SHR rats (21.8±2.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). Co-administration of ATP or ANG II together with BBG bypassed the effect of the P2X7 antagonist on GE in SHR (P<0.05) (21.9±5.0% vs 25.6±3.0% vs 41.6±3.2%). The MPO activity increased (P<0.05) in the gastric fundus of SHR compared to control rats (6.12±2.26 vs 0.077±0.02 UMPO/mg tissue); this effect was prevented (P<0.05) by BBG (0.55±0.15 vs 6.12±2.26 UMPO/mg tissue). Data demonstrated that blockage of P2X7 receptors with BBG can improve the GE delay and oxidative stress biomarkers in SHR animals. This preventive effect of BBG on GE delay was abrogated by ANG II and ATP, thus prompting crosstalk between renin-angiotensin and the purinergic signaling systems underlying this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.B.V. de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - J.S. Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - A.C.A. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - B.L.B. dos Santos
- Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - P.H.M. Mendes
- Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - J.P.J. Sabino
- Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - A.L.M.M. Filho
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - P. Correia-de-Sá
- Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Centro de Descoberta de Fármacos e Medicamentos Inovadores, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A.A. dos Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - M.T.B. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Departamento de Educação Física, Laboratório de Exercício e Trato Gastrointestinal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brasil,Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia, Centro de Descoberta de Fármacos e Medicamentos Inovadores, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Yu QQ, Zhang H, Zhao S, Xie D, Zhao H, Chen W, Pang M, Han B, Jiang P. Systematic evaluation of irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis based on metabolomics analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:958882. [PMID: 36188576 PMCID: PMC9520243 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.958882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM) is a major dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy, especially in regimens containing irinotecan (CPT-11). Several studies on the pathologic mechanisms of CIM focused on both the genomics and molecular pathways triggered by chemotherapy. However, systematic evaluation of metabolomic analysis in irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis (IIM) has not been investigated. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze metabolite changes in main tissues of IIM mouse models. Male ICR mice were assigned to two groups: the model group (n = 11) treated with CPT-11 (20 mg/kg daily; i.p.) and the control group (n= 11) with solvent for 9 days. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to investigate the metabolic alterations in the serum, intestinal, colonic, hepatic, and splenic samples of mice between two groups by multivariate statistical analyses, including GC–MS data processing, pattern recognition analysis, and pathway analysis. Forty-six metabolites, including hydrocarbons, amino acids, lipids, benzenoids, hydroxy acids, and amines, had significant changes in levels in tissues and sera of IIM mouse models. The most important pathways related to the identified metabolites were the glycerolipid metabolism in the colon and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism in the liver. Our study firstly provided a comprehensive and systematic view of metabolic alterations of IIM using GC-MS analysis. The characterizations of metabolic changes could offer profound and theoretical insight into exploring new biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of IIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Yu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhao
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Dadi Xie
- Department of Endocrine, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Min Pang
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoqin Han
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Baoqin Han, ; Pei Jiang,
| | - Pei Jiang
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Baoqin Han, ; Pei Jiang,
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Colorimetric and fluorimetric (dual-mode) nanoprobe for the determination of pyrogallol based on the complexation with copper(II)- and nitrogen-doped carbon dots. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:850. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Roufegarinejad L, Amarowicz R, Jahanban-Esfahlan A. Characterizing the interaction between pyrogallol and human serum albumin by spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:2766-2775. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1496854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Roufegarinejad
- Department of Food Sciences, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ali Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Han BR, Park WH. MAPK inhibitors enhance cell death in pyrogallol-treated human pulmonary fibroblast cells via increasing O 2•- levels. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1179-1185. [PMID: 28693293 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrogallol (PG) induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells via the overproduction of O2•- and affects mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in these cells. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effect of PG and/or MAPK inhibitors on human pulmonary fibroblast (HPF) cell viability in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH). Treatment with 50 or 100 µM PG inhibited the viability of HPF cells, and induced cell death and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; ΔΨm). In particular, treatment with 100 µM PG induced cell death via apoptosis as well as necrosis in HPF cells. PG increased mitochondrial O2•- levels and the number of GSH-depleted HPF cells. All the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38) inhibitors enhanced the inhibition of cell viability, cell death and MMP (ΔΨm) loss in 100 µM PG-treated HPF cells. All the inhibitors increased the O2•- levels in 100 µM PG-treated HPF cells, but none of the inhibitors significantly altered the PG-induced GSH depletion. In conclusion, PG treatment induced cell death via apoptosis and necrosis in HPF cells. Treatment with MAPK inhibitors slightly enhanced cell death in PG-treated HPF cells. HPF cell death induced by PG and/or MAPK inhibitors was at least partially associated with changes in O2•- levels and GSH content. The present data provided useful information to understand PG-induced normal lung cell death in association with MAPK signaling pathways and ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Han
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54907, Republic of Korea
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6
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Lemmo W. Potential interactions of prescription and over‐the‐counter medications having antioxidant capabilities with radiation and chemotherapy. Int J Cancer 2014; 137:2525-33. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Lemmo
- LEMMO Integrated Cancer Care Inc.Vancouver Canada
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7
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Guo R, Chen Z, Chen N, Chen Y. Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analysis of Intestinal Regular Fungal Species in Fecal Samples From Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lmmc0wvzxd13pujg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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8
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Pyrogallol-mediated toxicity and natural antioxidants: Triumphs and pitfalls of preclinical findings and their translational limitations. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 183:333-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Doihara H, Nozawa K, Kawabata-Shoda E, Kojima R, Yokoyama T, Ito H. TRPA1 agonists delay gastric emptying in rats through serotonergic pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2009; 380:353-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-009-0435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kumar S, Maheshwari KK, Singh V. Protective effects of Punica granatum seeds extract against aging and scopolamine induced cognitive impairments in mice. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2008; 6:49-56. [PMID: 20162041 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v6i1.57073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is one of the age related mental problems and characteristic symptom of various neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. This impairment probably is due to the vulnerability of the brain cells to increased oxidative stress during aging process. Many studies have shown that certain phenolic antioxidants attenuate neuronal cell death induced by oxidative stress. The present work was undertaken to assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum seeds on cognitive performance of aged and scopolamine treated young mice using one trial step-down type passive avoidance and elevated plus maze task. Aged or scopolamine treated mice showed poor retention of memory in step-down type passive avoidance and in elevated plus maze task. Chronic administration (21 days) of Punica granatum extract and vitamin C significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the age induced or scopolamine induced retention deficits in both the paradigms. Punica granatum extract also significantly lowered lipid peroxidation level and increased antioxidant glutathione level in brain tissues. Punica granatum preparations could be protective in the treatment of cognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational & Technical Education, 3-Knowledge Park I, Kasna Road, Greater Noida, UP, India 201306.
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Kuo P, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Pathophysiology and management of diabetic gastropathy: a guide for endocrinologists. Drugs 2007; 67:1671-87. [PMID: 17683169 DOI: 10.2165/00003495-200767120-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Delayed gastric emptying is frequently observed in patients with long-standing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and potentially impacts on upper gastrointestinal symptoms, glycaemic control, nutrition and oral drug absorption. The pathogenesis remains unclear and management strategies are currently suboptimal. Therapeutic strategies focus on accelerating gastric emptying, controlling symptoms and improving glycaemic control. The potential adverse effects of hyperglycaemia on gastric emptying and upper gut symptoms indicate the importance of normalising blood glucose if possible. Nutritional and psychological supports are also important, but often neglected. A number of recent pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies show promise, including gastric electrical stimulation. As with all chronic illnesses, a multidisciplinary approach to management is recommended, but there are few data regarding long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kuo
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Abstract
Bacterial translocation is the passage of viable bacteria from the intestinal lumen to mesenteric lymph nodes and other extraintestinal sites. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is the main clinical consequence of bacterial translocation in cirrhosis. Translocation of bacterial products of viable or non-viable bacteria, such as endotoxin and/or bacterial DNA, through the intestinal wall could stimulate the immune system and the hyperdynamic circulatory state in cirrhosis with clinical consequences that are under evaluation. Bacterial translocation is currently considered the passage of viable gut flora across the intestinal barrier to extraluminal sites. Aerobic Gram-negative bacilli are the most common translocating bacteria. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth, impairment in permeability of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and deficiencies in local host immune defences are the major mechanisms postulated to favour bacterial translocation in cirrhosis. Bacterial translocation is a key step in the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacteraemia and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. Translocation of intestinal bacterial products from viable or non-viable bacteria, such as endotoxin and bacterial DNA, has recently been associated with pathophysiological events, such as activation of the immune system and derangement of the hyperdynamic circulatory status in cirrhosis. Clinical consequences of these effects of bacterial products are presently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Guarner
- Liver Section, Gastroenterology Service, Autonomous University, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sharma M, Gupta YK. Effect of alpha lipoic acid on intracerebroventricular streptozotocin model of cognitive impairment in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2003; 13:241-7. [PMID: 12888183 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-977x(03)00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of alpha lipoic acid, a potent free radical scavenger, was investigated against the intracerebroventricular streptozotocin model of cognitive impairment in rats, which is characterized by a progressive deterioration of memory, cerebral glucose and energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. Wistar rats were injected with intracerebroventricular streptozotocin bilaterally. The rats were treated chronically with alpha lipoic acid (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) orally for 21 days starting from day 1 of streptozotocin injection in separate groups. The learning and memory behavior was evaluated and the rats were sacrificed for estimation of oxidative stress. The intracerebroventricular streptozotocin rats treated with alpha lipoic acid (200 mg/kg, p.o.) showed significantly less cognitive impairment as compared to the vehicle treated rats. There was also an insignificant increase in oxidative stress in the alpha lipoic acid treated groups. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of alpha lipoic acid in preventing cognitive impairment and oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin and its potential in dementia associated with age and age related neurodegenerative disorders where oxidative stress is involved such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Sharma
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the most common and serious infection that develops in cirrhotic patients. Translocation of bacteria from their intestinal origin, alterations in immune defence mechanisms and deficiencies in the ascitic fluid antimicrobial activity seem to represent the main steps in the pathogenesis of SBP in cirrhosis. Among the factors determining the development of bacterial translocation, intestinal bacterial overgrowth (mainly related to decreased intestinal motility) and changes in the intestinal barrier appear to play an outstanding role. In conclusion, greater understanding of the pathogenesis of SBP will allow better identification of patients at high risk of developing this complication and contribute to the search for new strategies for its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Solà
- Liver Section, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Maritim 26-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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Sharma M, Gupta YK. Effect of chronic treatment of melatonin on learning, memory and oxidative deficiencies induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2001; 70:325-31. [PMID: 11701204 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) has been shown to cause cognitive impairment, which is associated with free radical generation in the brain of rats. Melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant. In the present study, the effect of melatonin was investigated against ICV STZ induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were injected with ICV STZ (3 mg/kg) bilaterally. The rats were treated with STZ twice, on days 1 and 3. The learning and memory behavior was assessed using passive avoidance paradigms, elevated plus maze and the closed field activity while the parameters of oxidative stress assessed were malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione. The rats were treated chronically with melatonin for 21 days starting from day 1 of STZ injection. The learning and memory behavior was evaluated on days 17, 18 and 19 and the rats were sacrificed on day 21 for estimation of MDA and glutathione. The rats treated with melatonin showed significantly less cognitive impairment. There was also insignificant increase in brain MDA and decrease in glutathione levels in melatonin-treated ICV STZ rats as compared to the vehicle-treated ICV STZ animals. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of melatonin in preventing the cognitive deficits as well as the oxidative stress caused by ICV STZ in rats and suggests it's potential in age and age-related neurodegenerative disorders where oxidative stress and cognitive impairment are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sharma
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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