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Sangpakdee W, Tanomtong A, Chaveerach A, Pinthong K, Trifonov V, Loth K, Hensel C, Liehr T, Weise A, Fan X. Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of One African and Five Asian Macaque Species Reveals Identical Karyotypes as in Mandrill. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:207-215. [PMID: 29606908 PMCID: PMC5850509 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170721115047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The question how evolution and speciation work is one of the major interests of biology. Especially, genetic including karyotypic evolution within primates is of special interest due to the close phylogenetic position of Macaca and Homo sapiens and the role as in vivo models in medical research, neuroscience, behavior, pharmacology, reproduction and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Materials & Methods Karyotypes of five macaque species from South East Asia and of one macaque species as well as mandrill from Africa were analyzed by high resolution molecular cytogenetics to obtain new insights into karyotypic evolution of old world monkeys. Molecular cytogenetics applying human probes and probe sets was applied in chromosomes of Macaca arctoides, M. fascicularis, M. nemestrina, M. assamensis, M. sylvanus, M. mulatta and Mandrillus sphinx. Established two- to multicolor-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approaches were applied. Locus-specific probes, whole and partial chromosome paint probes were hybridized. Especially the FISH-banding approach multicolor-banding (MCB) as well as probes oriented towards heterochromatin turned out to be highly efficient for interspecies comparison. Conclusion Karyotypes of all seven studied species could be characterized in detail. Surprisingly, no evolutionary conserved differences were found among macaques, including mandrill. Between the seven here studied and phenotypically so different species we expected several via FISH detectable karyoypic and submicroscopic changes and were surprised to find none of them on a molecular cytogenetic level. Spatial separation, may explain the speciation and different evolution for some of them, like African M. sylvanus, Mandrillus sphinx and the South Asian macaques. However, for the partially or completely overlapping habitats of the five studied South Asian macaques the species separation process can also not be deduced to karyotypic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwat Sangpakdee
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Alongkoad Tanomtong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Arunrat Chaveerach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand
| | - Krit Pinthong
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Moo 16 Mittapap Rd., Muang District, Khon Kaen40002, Thailand.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, 186 Moo 1, Maung District, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Vladimir Trifonov
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lavrentev Str. 8/2, Novosibirsk630090, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina Loth
- Serengeti-Park Hodenhagen, Am Safaripark 1, D-29693 Hodenhagen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Weise
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747Jena, Germany
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Liu Q, Wang X, Zhang J, Chen W, He X, Lin Y, Wang J, Zhu Y, Hu S, Wang X. Mapping cynomolgus monkey MHC class I district on chromosome 6p13 using pooled cDNAs. Biotech Histochem 2009; 82:267-72. [PMID: 18074272 DOI: 10.1080/10520290701753987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Lutz W. Pas de deux: natural killer receptors and MHC class I ligands in primates. Curr Genomics 2008; 8:51-7. [PMID: 18645628 PMCID: PMC2474688 DOI: 10.2174/138920207780076974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Revised: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and NK cell receptor gene regions are a paradigm of genomic plasticity as they reveal a considerable degree of diversity, exemplified by high allelic polymorphism, genomic duplications and contractions, and formation of gene families. Both genetic components show signs of rapid evolution due to strong selective pressure to combat pathogens. Comparative analyses of these genomic regions in various primates revealed considerable differences, reflecting species-specific adaptations to pathogenic threat or different strategies to combat infections. MHC and NK receptor genomic diversity in populations are important factors that determine susceptibility or resistance to a variety of diseases including autoimmune and infectious diseases as well as reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Lutz
- Department of Primate Genetics, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Penedo MCT, Bontrop RE, Heijmans CMC, Otting N, Noort R, Rouweler AJM, de Groot N, de Groot NG, Ward T, Doxiadis GGM. Microsatellite typing of the rhesus macaque MHC region. Immunogenetics 2005; 57:198-209. [PMID: 15900491 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-005-0787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2004] [Revised: 01/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To improve the results gained by serotyping rhesus macaque major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, molecular typing techniques have been established for class I and II genes. Like the rhesus macaque Mamu-DRB loci, the Mamu-A and -B are not only polymorphic but also polygenic. As a consequence, sequence-based typing of these genes is time-consuming. Therefore, eight MHC-linked microsatellites, or short tandem repeats (STRs), were evaluated for their use in haplotype characterization. Polymorphism analyses in rhesus macaques of Indian and Chinese origin showed high STR allelic diversity in both populations but different patterns of allele frequency distribution between the groups. Pedigree data for class I and II loci and the eight STRs allowed us to determine extended MHC haplotypes in rhesus macaque breeding groups. STR sequencing and comparisons with the complete rhesus macaque MHC genomic map allowed the exact positioning of the markers. Strong linkage disequilibria were observed between Mamu-DR and -DQ loci and adjacent STRs. Microsatellite typing provides an efficient, robust, and quick method of genotyping and deriving MHC haplotypes for rhesus macaques regardless of their geographical origin. The incorporation of MHC-linked STRs into routine genetic tests will contribute to efforts to improve the genetic characterization of the rhesus macaque for biomedical research and can provide comparative information about the evolution of the MHC region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecilia T Penedo
- Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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