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The role of mechanical control of biofilm in the salivary pH after sucrose exposure in children with early childhood caries. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7496. [PMID: 33820926 PMCID: PMC8021547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This quasi-experimental study sought to investigate if the mechanical control of biofilm (3-times-a-day) modifies the saliva’s ability to buffer the oral environment after 20% sucrose rinse (SR20%) in children with early childhood caries (ECC). Here, SR20% reduced the saliva’s pH in both groups and the mechanical control of biofilm had a greater effect on this parameter after SR20% in CF children. The mechanical control of biofilm evidenced a higher buffering capacity in CF children before SR20%, which was not observed after SR20%. Otherwise, the absence of mechanical control of biofilm showed that buffering capacity was comparable in the two groups before SR20%, whereas after SR20% the saliva’s buffering capacity of CF children was higher than ECC children. When biofilm was mechanically controlled, carbonic anhydrase VI activity did not change after SR20% whereas the absence of mechanical control of biofilm reduced this enzyme activity after SR20%. In conclusion, the mechanical control of biofilm did not change saliva’s ability to buffer the oral environment after SR20% in children with ECC. On the other hand, CF children appeared to regulate more effectively the saliva’s pH than ECC children while the absence of mechanical control of biofilm mediated their pH-modifying ability after SR20%.
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de Sousa ET, Lima-Holanda AT, Nobre-Dos-Santos M. Changes in the salivary electrolytic dynamic after sucrose exposure in children with Early Childhood Caries. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4146. [PMID: 32139791 PMCID: PMC7057989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to explore if the effect of 20% sucrose rinse (SR) on the salivary electrolytic concentration of calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (Pi) and fluoride (F-) in children with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is different from healthy children. Here, fifty-eight preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years were divided into 2 groups: caries-free (CF) and with ECC. Changes in saliva flow rate, pH and buffering capacity (BC), as well as in concentrations of Ca2+, Pi, and F-, and the degree of saturation in relation to hydroxyapatite (DSS HAp) and fluorapatite (DSS FAp) were evaluated. The pre-rinse [Ca2+] was higher in the ECC group in the CF group. A significant increase in [Ca2+] was demonstrated after SR in the CF group (p = 0.05). The [Pi] was reduced by 18% after SR in the ECC group (p = 0.007). The [F-] reduced in both groups after SR (p < 0.000). There was a moderate positive correlation between [Ca2+] and the DSS HAp and DSS FAp. Multivariate analysis showed that children with a higher [Ca2+] in pre-rinse saliva are more likely to have ECC. In conclusion, the effect of a 20% sucrose rinse on the electrolytic concentration of Ca2+, Pi and F- was different when children with ECC were compared with CF children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Aline Tavares Lima-Holanda
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil.
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Walther C, Kreibohm M, Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H, Tschoppe P, Wierichs RJ. Effect of NaF, AmF, KF gels and NaF toothpaste combined with a saliva substitute on dentin lesions in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2489-2496. [PMID: 30306335 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the remineralizing effects of NaF, AmF, KF gels and NaF toothpaste in combination with a potentially demineralizing saliva substitute (Glandosane; pH = 5.1) being widely used in Germany. METHODS In each of 120 dentin specimens, three artificial lesions were created. One lesion was covered for analysis of pre-demineralization (ΔZB). Treatments during pH cycling (3 × 1 h demineralization/day [pH = 5.0] and 3 × 3 h Glandosane/day; 12 h 100%humidity) were as follows: no treatment (NT), application (5 min,2×/day) of 12.500 ppm F- [pH = 6.04] (NaF-gel1), 12.500 ppm F- [pH = 7.34] (NaF-gel2), 12.500 ppm F- [pH = 5.82] (AmF-gel), 1450 ppm F- [pH = 7.35] (KF-gel), and 5000 ppm F- [pH = 8.14]; (NaF-TP) for 7 days (E1). Subsequently, from each specimen, one lesion was covered, while the remaining lesion was cycled for another 7 days (E2). Differences in integrated mineral loss (ΔΔZE1/ΔΔZE2) were calculated between values before and after pH cycling. RESULTS Mean (95%CI) ΔZB was 3851 (3762;3939) vol% × μm. Except for NaF-gel2 and NaF-TP, specimens of all other groups further demineralized. Only NaF-gel2 induced a significant gain in mineral content (p ≤ 0.004; paired t test). Significant differences in the change of mineral loss were found between NT and all fluoride groups for both ΔΔZE1 and for ΔΔZE2 (p < 0.05, Bonferroni post hoc test). However, only NaF-gel2 and NaF-TP induced remineralization. CONCLUSION Under the in vitro conditions chosen, all fluoride agents could significantly hamper the adverse effects of a demineralizing saliva substitute. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In combination with a demineralizing saliva substitute, slight mineral gain was only observed for neutral NaF-gel2 and 5000 ppm F- toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Walther
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Manana Kreibohm
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Paris
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School of Dental Medicine, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, zmk bern, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Tschoppe
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, zmk bern, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard Johannes Wierichs
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. .,Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME - Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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