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Li S, Zhuang Y, Ji Y, Chen X, He L, Chen S, Luo Y, Shen L, Xiao J, Wang H, Luo C, Peng F, Long H. BRG1 accelerates mesothelial cell senescence and peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting mitophagy through repression of OXR1. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 214:54-68. [PMID: 38311259 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal mesothelial cell senescence promotes the development of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritoneal fibrosis. We previously revealed that Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) is increased in peritoneal fibrosis yet its role in modulating peritoneal mesothelial cell senescence is still unknown. This study evaluated the mechanism of BRG1 in peritoneal mesothelial cell senescence and peritoneal fibrosis using BRG1 knockdown mice, primary peritoneal mesothelial cells and human peritoneal samples from PD patients. The augmentation of BRG1 expression accelerated peritoneal mesothelial cell senescence, which attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy inhibition. Mitophagy activator salidroside rescued fibrotic responses and cellular senescence induced by BRG1. Mechanistically, BRG1 was recruited to oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1) promoter, where it suppressed transcription of OXR1 through interacting with forkhead box protein p2. Inhibition of OXR1 abrogated the improvement of BRG1 deficiency in mitophagy, fibrotic responses and cellular senescence. In a mouse PD model, BRG1 knockdown restored mitophagy, alleviated senescence and ameliorated peritoneal fibrosis. More importantly, the elevation level of BRG1 in human PD was associated with PD duration and D/P creatinine values. In conclusion, BRG1 accelerates mesothelial cell senescence and peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting mitophagy through repression of OXR1. This indicates that modulating BRG1-OXR1-mitophagy signaling may represent an effective treatment for PD-related peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yiyi Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congwei Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fenfen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Haibo Long
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Breborowicz A. Iron increases the profibrotic properties of the senescent peritoneal mesothelial cells. Int J Artif Organs 2023; 46:473-480. [PMID: 37564017 DOI: 10.1177/03913988231192123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of anemia in peritoneal dialysis patients often requires intravenous iron supplementation. Iron diffuses into the peritoneal cavity and is injurious to the peritoneum. We studied how intermittent exposure to iron changes the properties of the senescent peritoneal mesothelial cells (MC). METHODS Replicative senescence was induced in MC in control medium (Con) or in control medium with intermittent exposure to iron isomaltoside 15 µg/dL (Con-IIS). After 10 passages properties of MC from both groups were compared to MC not exposed to replicative senescence. RESULTS In senescent MC population doubling time was elongated, intracellular generation of free radicals and staining for β-galactosidase was stronger than in MC not exposed to replicative senescence. All these effects were stronger in MC intermittently exposed to IIS. In these cells intracellular iron content was also higher. Also expression of genes p21 and p53 was stronger in MC intermittently treated with IIS. In senescent cells higher release and expression of IL6 and TGFβ1 was observed and that effect was stronger in MC treated with iron. Senescent MC had reduced fibrinolytic activity, what may predispose to the peritoneal fibrosis. Synthesis of collagen was higher in senescent cells, more in MC treated with iron. CONCLUSION MC aging results in change of their genotype and phenotype which lead to their profibrotic effect. Exposure to iron enhances these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Breborowicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
- Department of Histology, Collegium Medicum, Zielona Gora University, Zielona Gora, Poland
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Wang Y, Chen T, Pan Z, Lin Z, Yang L, Zou B, Yao W, Feng D, Huangfu C, Lin C, Wu G, Ling H, Liu G. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase modulates the cell transformation process in pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting Smad2/3 and interacting with Smad7. FASEB J 2020; 34:13461-13473. [PMID: 32808374 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901291rrrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) is involved in early embryonic development, as well as in multiple conditions, including cardiac fibrosis, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. But, function of OGG1 in pulmonary fibrosis was not entirely clear. In this study, we identified a novel function of OGG1 in the cell transformation process in pulmonary fibrosis. We demonstrated that OGG1 and Smad7 co-localize and interact in A549 cells. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was established in wild-type (WT) and Ogg1-/- mice. Upon treatment with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, increased OGG1 expression was observed in WT mice with pulmonary fibrosis as well as in A549 cells, MRC-5 cells, and primary rat type II alveolar epithelial cells. The increased expression of OGG1 promoted cell migration, while OGG1 depletion decreased migration ability. Expression of the transformation-associated markers vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin were also affected by OGG1. We also observed that OGG1 promoted TGF-β1-induced cell transformation and activated Smad2/3 by interacting with Smad7. The interaction between OGG1 and the TGF-β/Smad axis modulates the cell transformation process in lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Moreover, we demonstrated that Ogg1 deficiency relieved pulmonary fibrosis in bleomycin-treated mice. Ogg1 knockout decreased the bleomycin-induced expression of Smad7 and phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in mice. These findings suggest that OGG1 has multiple biological functions in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhanchun Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Baoan Zou
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dehui Feng
- Elderly Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Changmei Huangfu
- Elderly Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guiqing Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huayu Ling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Stryczyński Ł, Uruski P, Tykarski A, Książek K. Procancerogenic activity of senescent cells: A case of the peritoneal mesothelium. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 43:1-9. [PMID: 29355719 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Human peritoneal mesothelial cells belong to a narrow group of somatic cells in which both the triggers and the mechanisms of senescence have already been well defined. Importantly, senescent mesothelial cells have been found in the peritoneal cavity in vivo. From a clinical point of view, peritoneal mesothelial cells have been recognized as playing a critical role in the intraperitoneal development of tumor metastases. The pro-cancerogenic behavior of mesothelial cells is even more pronounced when the cells exhaust their proliferative capacity and become senescent. In this review, we summarize the current state of art regarding the contribution of peritoneal mesothelial cells in the progression of ovarian, colorectal, and pancreatic carcinomas, with particular attention paid to the cancer-promoting activity of their senescent counterparts. Moreover, we delineate the mechanisms, mediators, and signaling pathways that are engaged by the senescent mesothelial cells to support such vital elements of cancer progression as adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Finally, we discuss the experimental evidence regarding both natural and synthetic compounds that may either prevent or restrict cancer development by delaying senescence of mesothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Stryczyński
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
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Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Uruski P, Tykarski A, Książek K. The peritoneal "soil" for a cancerous "seed": a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:509-525. [PMID: 28956065 PMCID: PMC5765197 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Various types of tumors, particularly those originating from the ovary and gastrointestinal tract, display a strong predilection for the peritoneal cavity as the site of metastasis. The intraperitoneal spread of a malignancy is orchestrated by a reciprocal interplay between invading cancer cells and resident normal peritoneal cells. In this review, we address the current state-of-art regarding colonization of the peritoneal cavity by ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic, and gastric tumors. Particular attention is paid to the pro-tumoral role of various kinds of peritoneal cells, including mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, the vascular endothelium, and hospicells. Anatomo-histological considerations on the pro-metastatic environment of the peritoneal cavity are presented in the broader context of organ-specific development of distal metastases in accordance with Paget's "seed and soil" theory of tumorigenesis. The activity of normal peritoneal cells during pivotal elements of cancer progression, i.e., adhesion, migration, invasion, proliferation, EMT, and angiogenesis, is discussed from the perspective of well-defined general knowledge on a hospitable tumor microenvironment created by the cellular elements of reactive stroma, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages. Finally, the paper addresses the unique features of the peritoneal cavity that predispose this body compartment to be a niche for cancer metastases, presents issues that are topics of an ongoing debate, and points to areas that still require further in-depth investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland.
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Is there such a thing as biocompatible peritoneal dialysis fluid? Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:1835-1843. [PMID: 27722783 PMCID: PMC5579143 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of the so-called biocompatible peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids was based on a large body of experimental evidence and various clinical trials suggesting important clinical benefits. Of these, until now, only preservation of residual renal function-likely due to lower glucose degradation product load and, in case of icodextrin, improved fluid and blood pressure control-have consistently been proven, whereas the impact on important clinical endpoints such as infectious complications, preservation of PD membrane transport function, and patient outcome, are still debated. In view of the high morbidity and mortality rates of PD patients, novel approaches are warranted and comprise the search for alternative osmotic agents and enrichment of PD fluids with specific pharmacologic agents, such as alanyl-glutamine, potentially counteracting local but also systemic sequelae of uremia and PD.
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Senescent peritoneal mesothelium creates a niche for ovarian cancer metastases. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2565. [PMID: 28032864 PMCID: PMC5261005 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although both incidence and aggressiveness of ovarian malignancy rise with age, the exact reason for this tendency, in particular the contribution of senescent cells, remains elusive. In this project we found that the patient's age determines the frequency of intraperitoneal metastases of ovarian cancer. Moreover, we documented that senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and that this effect is related to both the activity of soluble agents released to the environment by these cells and direct cell-cell contact. The panel of mediators of the pro-cancerous activity of senescent HPMCs appeared to be cancer cell line-specific. The growth of tumors in a mouse peritoneal cavity was intensified when the cancer cells were co-injected together with senescent HPMCs. This effect was reversible when the senescence of HPMCs was slowed down by the neutralization of p38 MAPK. The analysis of lesions excised from the peritoneum of patients with ovarian cancer showed the abundance of senescent HPMCs in close proximity to the cancerous tissue. Collectively, our findings indicate that senescent HPMCs which accumulate in the peritoneum in vivo may create a metastatic niche facilitating intraperitoneal expansion of ovarian malignancy.
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Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Sosińska P, Maksin K, Kucińska MG, Piotrowska H, Murias M, Woźniak A, Szpurek D, Książek K. Colorectal cancer-promoting activity of the senescent peritoneal mesothelium. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29178-95. [PMID: 26284488 PMCID: PMC4745719 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers metastasize into the peritoneal cavity in a process controlled by peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). In this paper we examined if senescent HPMCs can intensify the progression of colorectal (SW480) and pancreatic (PSN-1) cancers in vitro and in vivo. Experiments showed that senescent HPMCs stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of SW480 cells, and migration of PSN-1 cells. When SW480 cells were injected i.p. with senescent HPMCs, the dynamics of tumor formation and vascularization were increased. When xenografts were generated using PSN-1 cells, senescent HPMCs failed to favor their growth. SW480 cells subjected to senescent HPMCs displayed up-regulated expression of transcripts for various pro-cancerogenic agents as well as increased secretion of their products. Moreover, they underwent an epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the Smad 2/3-Snail1-related pathway. The search for mediators of senescent HPMC activity showed that increased SW480 cell proliferation was stimulated by IL-6, migration by CXCL8 and CCL2, invasion by IL-6, MMP-3 and uPA, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by TGF-β1. Secretion of these agents by senescent HPMCs was increased in an NF-κB- and p38 MAPK-dependent mechanism. Collectively, our findings indicate that in the peritoneum senescent HPMCs may create a metastatic niche in which critical aspects of cancer progression become intensified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrycja Sosińska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Konstantin Maksin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, PoznaÅń, Poland
| | - Mał Gorzata Kucińska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aldona Woźniak
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, PoznaÅń, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szpurek
- Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Senescence-Associated Changes in Proteome and O-GlcNAcylation Pattern in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:382652. [PMID: 26640786 PMCID: PMC4657062 DOI: 10.1155/2015/382652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Senescence of peritoneal mesothelial cells represents a biological program defined by arrested cell growth and altered cell secretory phenotype with potential impact in peritoneal dialysis. This study aims to characterize cellular senescence at the level of global protein expression profiles and modification of proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation). METHODS A comparative proteomics analysis between young and senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) was performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. O-GlcNAc status was assessed by Western blot under normal conditions and after modulation with 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) to decrease O-GlcNAcylation or O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenyl carbamate (PUGNAc) to increase O-GlcNAcylation. RESULTS Comparison of protein pattern of senescent and young HPMC revealed 29 differentially abundant protein spots, 11 of which were identified to be actin (cytoplasmic 1 and 2), cytokeratin-7, cofilin-2, transgelin-2, Hsp60, Hsc70, proteasome β-subunits (type-2 and type-3), nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, and cytosolic 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase. Although the global level of O-GlcNAcylation was comparable, senescent cells were not sensitive to modulation by PUGNAc. DISCUSSION This study identified changes of the proteome and altered dynamics of O-GlcNAc regulation in senescent mesothelial cells. Whereas changes in cytoskeleton-associated proteins likely reflect altered cell morphology, changes in chaperoning and housekeeping proteins may have functional impact on cellular stress response in peritoneal dialysis.
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Bartosova M, Rudolf A, Pichl S, Schmidt K, Okun JG, Straub BK, Rutkowski R, Witowski J, Schmitt CP. Increased storage and secretion of phosphatidylcholines by senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Clin Exp Nephrol 2015; 20:544-551. [PMID: 26527208 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-015-1192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) secrete phosphatidylcholines (PC) which form a lipid bilayer lining the peritoneum. They prevent frictions and adhesions and act as a barrier to the transport of water-soluble solutes while permitting water flux. PC may play an essential role in peritoneal integrity and function, the role of PD induced HPMC senescence on PC homeostasis, however, is unknown. METHODS HPMC cell lines were isolated from four non-uremic patients. Expression of the three PC synthesis genes (rt-PCR), and cellular storage and secretion of PC (ESI-mass-spectrometry) were analyzed in young and senescent HPMC (>Hayflick-limit). RESULTS Senescent cells displayed significantly altered morphology; flow cytometry demonstrated extensive staining for senescence-associated beta galactosidase. Nine different PC were detected in HPMC with palmitoyl-myristoyl phosphatidylcholine (PMPC) being most abundant. In senescent HPMC mRNA expression of the three key PC synthesis genes was 1.5-, 2.4- and 6-fold increased as compared to young HPMC, with the latter, phosphatidylcholine cytidylyltransferase, being rate limiting. Intracellular storage of the nine PC was 75-450 % higher in senescent vs. young HPMC, PC secretion rates were 100-300 % higher. Intracellular PC concentrations were not correlated with the PC secretion rates. Electron microscopy demonstrated lamellar bodies, the primary storage site of PC, in senescent but not in young cells. CONCLUSION Senescent HPMC store and secrete substantially more PC than young cells. Our findings indicate a novel protective mechanism, which should counteract peritoneal damage induced by chronic exposure to PD fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bartosova
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Pichl
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schmidt
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen G Okun
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beate K Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Claus P Schmitt
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Sosińska P, Kucińska M, Murias M, Maksin K, Malińska A, Ziółkowska A, Piotrowska H, Woźniak A, Książek K. Peritoneal mesothelium promotes the progression of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in a mice xenograft model in vivo. Cancer Lett 2014; 355:310-5. [PMID: 25301450 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The role of mesothelial cells in the intraperitoneal spread of ovarian cancer is still elusive. In particular, it is unclear whether these cells constitute a passive barrier preventing cancer cell progression or perhaps act as an active promoter of this process. In this report we show that omental human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) stimulate adhesion and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells (A2780, OVCAR-3, SKOV-3). The latter was associated with the paracrine activity of GRO-1, IL-6, and IL-8 released to the environment by HPMCs. Furthermore, the growth dynamics of ovarian cancer xenografts produced in response to i.p. injection of ovarian cancer cells together with HPMCs was remarkably greater than for implantation of cancer cells alone. A layer of peritoneal mesothelium was consistently present in close proximity to the tumor mass in every xenograft model. In conclusion, our results indicate that HPMCs play a supporting role in the intraperitoneal invasiveness of ovarian malignancy, whose effect may be attributed to their ability to stimulate adhesion and proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Laboratory of Gerontology, Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Str., 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Patrycja Sosińska
- Laboratory of Gerontology, Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Str., 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kucińska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Str., 60-631 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Str., 60-631 Poznań, Poland
| | - Konstantin Maksin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49 Str., 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Malińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Str, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ziółkowska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Str, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Str., 60-631 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aldona Woźniak
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49 Str., 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Laboratory of Gerontology, Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Str., 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
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Retana C, Sanchez EI, Gonzalez S, Perez-Lopez A, Cruz A, Lagunas-Munoz J, Alfaro-Cruz C, Vital-Flores S, Reyes JL. Retinoic acid improves morphology of cultured peritoneal mesothelial cells from patients undergoing dialysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79678. [PMID: 24223992 PMCID: PMC3817121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis are classified according to their peritoneal permeability as low transporter (low solute permeability) or High transporter (high solute permeability). Factors that determine the differences in permeability between them have not been fully disclosed. We investigated morphological features of cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells from low or high transporter patients and its response to All trans retinoic Acid (ATRA, vitamin A active metabolite), as compared to non-uremic human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Control cells were isolated from human omentum. High or low transporter cells were obtained from dialysis effluents. Cells were cultured in media containing ATRA (0, 50, 100 or 200 nM). We studied length and distribution of microvilli and cilia (scanning electron microscopy), epithelial (cytokeratin, claudin-1, ZO-1 and occludin) and mesenchymal (vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin) transition markers by immunofluorescence and Western blot, and transforming growth factor β1 expression by Western blot. Low and high transporter exhibited hypertrophic cells, reduction in claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 expression, cytokeratin and vimentin disorganization and positive α-smooth muscle actin label. Vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor- β1 were overexpressed in low transporter. Ciliated cells were diminished in low and high transporters. Microvilli number and length were severely reduced in high transporter. ATRA reduced hypertrophic cells number in low transporter. It also improved cytokeratin and vimentin organization, decreased vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin expression, and increased claudin 1, occludin and ZO-1 expression, in low and high transporter. In low transporter, ATRA reduced transforming growth factor-β1 expression. ATRA augmented percentage of ciliated cells in low and high transporter. It also augmented cilia length in high transporter. Alterations in structure, epithelial mesenchymal markers and transforming growth factor-β1expression were differential between low and high transporter. Beneficial effects of ATRA were improved human peritoneal mesothelial cells morphology tending to normalize structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Retana
- Pharmacology Department Centre for Research and Advanced Studies National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Elsa I. Sanchez
- Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences Department Centre for Research and Advanced Studies National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Sirenia Gonzalez
- Central Laboratories Centre for Research and Advanced Studies National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Alejandro Perez-Lopez
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Central Norte de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Armando Cruz
- Nephrology and Gynecology Departments Unidad Medica Alta Especialidad, Hospital General la Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Jesus Lagunas-Munoz
- Nephrology and Gynecology Departments Unidad Medica Alta Especialidad, Hospital General la Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Carmen Alfaro-Cruz
- Nephrology. Dept. Hospital Regional No. 1 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | | | - José L. Reyes
- Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences Department Centre for Research and Advanced Studies National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
- * E-mail:
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Jörres A. Novel Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions – What Are the Clinical Implications? Blood Purif 2012; 33:153-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000334151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pathophysiology of the peritoneal membrane during peritoneal dialysis: the role of hyaluronan. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:180594. [PMID: 22203782 PMCID: PMC3238805 DOI: 10.1155/2011/180594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During peritoneal dialysis (PD), constant exposure of mesothelial cells to bioincompatible PD solutions results in the denudation of the mesothelial monolayer and impairment of mesothelial cell function. Hyaluronan, a major component of extracellular matrices, is synthesized by mesothelial cells and contributes to remesothelialization, maintenance of cell phenotype, and tissue remodeling and provides structural support to the peritoneal membrane. Chronic peritoneal inflammation is observed in long-term PD patients and is associated with increased hyaluronan synthesis. During inflammation, depolymerization of hyaluronan may occur with the generation of hyaluronan fragments. In contrast to native hyaluronan which offers a protective role to the peritoneum, hyaluronan fragments exacerbate inflammatory and fibrotic processes and therefore assist in the destruction of the tissue. This paper will discuss the contribution of mesothelial cells to peritoneal membrane alterations that are induced by PD and the putative role of hyaluronan in these processes.
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Dong HP, Holth A, Ruud MG, Emilsen E, Risberg B, Davidson B. Measurement of apoptosis in cytological specimens by flow cytometry: comparison of Annexin V, caspase cleavage and dUTP incorporation assays. Cytopathology 2010; 22:365-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2010.00811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Diskin CJ. Lessons From Single Cell Organisms: Insights Into the Antimicrobial and Toxic Effects of Peritoneal Dialysate Bases. Ther Apher Dial 2010; 14:127-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2009.00745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare primary malignant tumor of the surface serosal cells. The diagnosis of MM is challenging with a broad differential diagnosis. For many decades, studies have focused on distinguishing MM from other types of cancer; however, benign mesothelial cell hyperplasia, especially in small biopsies, has emerged as a major problem. The features of pleural lesions are somewhat different from peritoneal diseases, and this article primarily focuses on pleural diseases. Thorough interpretation and correlation of clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings are essential for a correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Handan Zeren
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey; Department of Pathology, Acıbadem Medical Group, Maslak Hospital, Büyükdere Caddesi 40, Istanbul 34457, Turkey.
| | - Funda Demirag
- Department of Pathology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Ankara 06280, Turkey
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JING SUN, KEZHOU YU, HONG ZHANG, QUN WANG, RONG WANG. Effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on prevention of peritoneal fibrosis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Nephrology (Carlton) 2010; 15:27-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2009.01162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Ultrafiltration failure (UFF) continues to be a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), particularly long-term PD. Continuous exposure to bioincompatible PD solutions causes inflammation of the peritoneal membrane, which progressively undergoes fibrosis and angiogenesis and, ultimately, UFF. There is emerging evidence that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (MCs) may play an important role in the failure of peritoneal membrane function. Submesothelial myofibroblasts originating from MCs through EMT and from activated resident fibroblasts participate in inflammatory responses, extracellular matrix accumulation, and angiogenesis. High glucose and glucose degradation products from PD solutions are responsible for production of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by MCs, which induce EMT. Leptin and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) augment myofibroblastic conversion through the TGFβ signaling system. A reduction in osmotic conductance in addition to increased solute transport causes UFF. This situation may be caused by loss of aquaporin (AQP) function and formation of the submesothelial fibrotic layer. During PD, AQP1 plays an essential role in water permeability and ultrafiltration (UF), modulating processes such as endothelial permeability and angiogenesis. During a hypertonic dwell, AQP1 mediates 50% of UF. Insufficient AQP1 function may be causative for inadequate UFF. A significant amount of evidence from animal studies now exists to show that mast cells communicate with fibroblasts and are implicated in fibrogenesis, angiogenesis, and UFF. However, it is not confirmed in human studies that mast cells contribute to the fibrosis seen in the peritoneum of PD patients. The patterns of UFF in PD patients depend on duration of treatment. Inherently high small-solute transport status is associated with hypoalbuminemia and a greater comorbidity index. However, most of the variability in peritoneal transport remains unexplained, pointing to the potential role of genetic factors. Gene polymorphisms associated with peritoneal membrane transport have been identified. Recent studies have shown that VEGF, interleukin-6, endothelial NO synthase, AGE receptor, and RAS gene polymorphisms are associated with transport properties in PD patients. Current insights into the mechanisms of UFF will provide rationales for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lim Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Kyungpook National University Hospital School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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