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Abstract
SummaryCalcium channel blockers increase the capacity of the urinary bladder. The antienuretic activity of verapamil was examined in young adult enuretics. Eleven drug-free, healthy, sleep-related enuretic males, were treated for two weeks with verapamil (240 mg, per os, at 9 pm). Verapamil failed to display an antienuretic effect.
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Han JS, Kim SJ, Nam Y, Lee HY, Kim GM, Kim DM, Sohn UD. The Inhibitory Mechanism on Acetylcholine-Induced Contraction of Bladder Smooth Muscle in the Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:101-106. [PMID: 30419634 PMCID: PMC6319557 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most diabetic patients experience diabetic mellitus (DM) urinary bladder dysfunction. A number of studies evaluate bladder smooth muscle contraction in DM. In this study, we evaluated the change of bladder smooth muscle contraction between normal rats and DM rats. Furthermore, we used pharmacological inhibitors to determine the differences in the signaling pathways between normal and DM rats. Rats in the DM group received an intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin and measured blood glucose level after 14 days to confirm DM. Bladder smooth muscle contraction was induced using acetylcholine (ACh, 10⁻⁴ M). The materials such as, atropine (a muscarinic receptor antagonist), U73122 (a phospholipase C inhibitor), DPCPX (an adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist), udenafil (a PDE5 inhibitor), prazosin (an α₁-receptor antagonist), papaverine (a smooth muscle relaxant), verapamil (a calcium channel blocker), and chelerythrine (a protein kinase C inhibitor) were pre-treated in bladder smooth muscle. We found that the DM rats had lower bladder smooth muscle contractility than normal rats. When prazosin, udenafil, verapamil, and U73122 were pre-treated, there were significant differences between normal and DM rats. Taken together, it was concluded that the change of intracellular Ca²⁺ release mediated by PLC/IP3 and PDE5 activity were responsible for decreased bladder smooth muscle contractility in DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Han
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjin Nam
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Yeong Lee
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Min Kim
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Kim
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Signaling and Pharmacological Activity Research Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Han JS, Min YS, Kim GH, Chae SH, Nam Y, Lee J, Lee SY, Sohn UD. The change of signaling pathway on the electrical stimulated contraction in streptozotocin-induced bladder dysfunction of rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 22:577-584. [PMID: 30181704 PMCID: PMC6115354 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.5.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bladder dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there have been a few studies evaluating bladder smooth muscle contraction in DM in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors. In the present study, we compared the contractility of bladder smooth muscle from normal rats and DM rats. Furthermore, we utilized pharmacological inhibitors to delineate the mechanisms underlying bladder muscle differences between normal and DM rats. DM was established in 14 days after using a single injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Bladder smooth muscle contraction was induced electrically using electrical field stimulation consisting of pulse trains at an amplitude of 40 V and pulse duration of 1 ms at frequencies of 2–10 Hz. In this study, the pharmacological inhibitors atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor), DPCPX (adenosine A1 receptor antagonist), udenafil (PDE5 inhibitor), prazosin (α1-receptor antagonist), verapamil (calcium channel blocker), and chelerythrine (protein kinase C inhibitor) were used to pretreat bladder smooth muscles. It was found that the contractility of bladder smooth muscles from DM rats was lower than that of normal rats. In addition, there were significant differences in percent change of contractility between normal and DM rats following pretreatment with prazosin, udenafil, verapamil, and U73122. In conclusion, we suggest that the decreased bladder muscle contractility in DM rats was a result of perturbations in PLC/IP3-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release and PDE5 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Soo Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Young Sil Min
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Convergence Science and Technology, Jung Won University, Goesan 28054, Korea
| | - Gil Hyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yoonjin Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Mustafa S. Effect of diabetes on the ion pumps of the bladder. Urology 2012; 81:211.e17-21. [PMID: 23153938 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish whether the activities of Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and Ca2+-ATPases ion pumps in bladder smooth muscle are altered as a consequence of diabetes and, if so, how this might contribute to bladder cystopathy. Urinary bladder dysfunction is a common occurrence in patients with diabetes. Pressure generation requires calcium and cytosolic ATP. Activities of these pumps are responsible for calcium homeostasis. METHODS Rat urinary detrusor muscle strips were suspended in organ baths containing Krebs solution for isometric tension recording. Tissue responses to the Na+/K+-ATPase pump inhibitor, ouabain, the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase inhibitor, vanadate, and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase inhibitor, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), were examined from normal and streptozocin-induced diabetic rats for 2, 4, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Ouabain, vanadate, and CPA caused concentration-dependent contractions of bladder strips from diabetic and normal rats. The degree of contraction of diabetic bladder muscle was lower than that of controls. This reduction was a function of duration of diabetes. For ouabain, the reduction peaked at 2 weeks, with partial restoration to normal after diabetes induction. For vanadate and CPA, the reduction increased with the duration of diabetes. CONCLUSION The ion pumps are important modulators of bladder smooth muscle tone, and in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, the activity of these pumps is impaired. Although this is only a single model of diabetes, these findings suggest that a defect in these pumps may be an important component of the development of diabetic bladder cystopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Mustafa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Nursing, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait.
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Hill SR, Fayyad AM, Jones GR. Diabetes mellitus and female lower urinary tract symptoms: a review. Neurourol Urodyn 2008; 27:362-7. [PMID: 18041770 DOI: 10.1002/nau.20533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached epidemic proportions world wide. Many chronic complications of DM, including neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy, have been well studied and although urologic complications have been recognized since 1935, little is known about DM as a pathophysiological risk factor for development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women. Diabetic nephropathy, a life-threatening condition, has received considerable attention in the last few years. Diabetic cystopathy, on the other hand, has received far less attention despite having a significant impact on quality of life, and with significant individual health risks. Initial studies suggested that long standing DM causes paralysis of the detrusor muscle leading to voiding difficulties and this has been the received wisdom regarding diabetic cystopathy for many years. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about lower urinary tract function and urinary incontinence in diabetic females, with a critical analysis of the available evidence and suggest areas for future research.
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Yoshimura N, Chancellor MB, Andersson KE, Christ GJ. Recent advances in understanding the biology of diabetes-associated bladder complications and novel therapy. BJU Int 2005; 95:733-8. [PMID: 15794773 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2005.05392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology and Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Nakahara T, Mitani A, Kubota Y, Maruko T, Sakamoto K, Tanaka Y, Koike K, Shigenobu K, Ishii K. MaxiK channel-triggered negative feedback system is preserved in the urinary bladder smooth muscle from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Smooth Muscle Res 2005; 40:97-109. [PMID: 15353864 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.40.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MaxiK channel, the large-conductance Ca2+-sensitive K+ channel, facilitates a negative feedback mechanism to oppose excitation and contraction in various types of smooth muscles including urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM). In this study, we investigated how the contribution of MaxiK channel to the regulation of basal UBSM mechanical activity is altered in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Although the urinary bladder preparations from both control and diabetic rats were almost quiescent in their basal mechanical activities, they generated spontaneous rhythmic contractions in response to a MaxiK channel blocker, iberiotoxin (IbTx). The effect of IbTx on the mechanical activity was significantly greater in diabetic rat than in control animal. Similarly, the basal mechanical activity was increased with apamin, an inhibitor for some types of small conductance Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels, and this effect was more pronounced for diabetic rat. However, in both control and diabetic animals, IbTx action was stronger than that of apamin. Diabetes also enhanced the responses to BayK 8644, an L-type Ca2+ channel agonist. The extent of this enhancement in diabetic bladder vs. control was, however, almost the same as that attained with IbTx. Expression levels for MaxiK channel as well as apamin-sensitive K+ channels and L-type Ca2+ channel were not altered by diabetes, when determined as their corresponding mRNA levels. These results indicate that diabetes can potentially increase the basal UBSM mechanical activity. However, in diabetic UBSM, the main negative-feedback system triggered by MaxiK channel is still preserved enough to counteract the possible enhancement of this smooth muscle mechanical activity.
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MESH Headings
- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apamin/pharmacology
- Base Sequence
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Feedback
- In Vitro Techniques
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels
- Male
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth/physiopathology
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated/genetics
- Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels
- Urinary Bladder/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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Gupta S, Wein AJ. Role of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in regulation of detrusor contractility and diabetic bladder dysfunction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 462:293-302. [PMID: 10599433 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4737-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-4274, USA
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Turner WH, Brading AF. Smooth muscle of the bladder in the normal and the diseased state: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Ther 1997; 75:77-110. [PMID: 9428000 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The smooth muscle of the normal bladder wall must have some specific properties. It must be very compliant and able to reorganise itself during filling and emptying to accommodate the change in volume without generating any intravesical pressure, but whilst maintaining the normal shape of the bladder. It must be capable of synchronous activation to generate intravesical pressure at any length to allow voiding. The cells achieve this through spontaneous electrical activity combined with poor electrical coupling between cells, and a dense excitatory innervation. In the diseased state, alterations of the smooth muscle may lead to failure to store or failure to empty properly. The diseased states discussed are bladder instability and diabetic neuropathy. Bladder instability is characterised urodynamically by uninhibitable rises in pressure during filling, and is seen idiopathically and in association with bladder outflow obstruction and neuropathy. In diabetic neuropathy, many of the smooth muscle changes are a consequence of diuresis, but there is evidence for alterations in the sensory arm of the micturition reflex. In the unstable bladder, additional alterations of the smooth muscle are seen, which are probably caused by the patchy denervation that occurs. The causes of this denervation are not fully established. Nonsurgical treatment of instability is not yet satisfactory; neuromodulation has some promise, but is expensive, and the mechanisms poorly understood. Pharmacological treatment is largely through muscarinic receptor blockade. Drugs to reduce the excitability of the smooth muscle are being sought, since they may represent a better pharmacological option.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Turner
- University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK
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Paro M, Prashar A, Prosdocimi M, Cherian PV, Fiori MG, Sima AA. Urinary bladder dysfunction in the BB/W diabetic rat: effect of ganglioside treatment on functional and structural alterations. J Urol 1994; 151:781-6. [PMID: 8309006 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)35087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Urinary bladder dysfunction in the diabetic BB/W rat is characterized by infrequent irregular contractions of high amplitude. Initially these occur in the absence of detectable neuroanatomical lesions of sensory afferent and parasympathetic fibers of the pelvic nerve, which constitute the micturition reflex arc. Structural lesions consisting of progressive axonal atrophy of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers become detectable only after 4 months of diabetes. In the current study we evaluated the effect of ganglioside treatment (10 mg./kg. body weight) for one month. This drug regimen was initiated at 4 months of diabetes, when functional bladder abnormalities were well established, whereas structural lesions were yet to appear. Animals examined 1 or 3 months after termination of the one-month treatment protocol showed sustained normalization of the characteristic functional abnormalities, accompanied by prevention of the neuroanatomical lesions of sensory afferent and parasympathetic efferent myelinated fibers in the pelvic nerve. These data suggest that ganglioside treatment may be beneficial in delaying the progression of diabetic autonomic neuropathy in this experimental animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paro
- FIDIA Research Laboratories, Abano Terme (PD), Italy
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