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Xu FQ, Zhang Z, Hu A, Huang DS. Circulating biomarkers for diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:404-411. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i10.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer, but the prognosis of HCC patients is poor due to the difficulty of early diagnosis and high recurrence rate. Therefore, it is particularly important to seek effective methods for early diagnosis and early recurrence monitoring after treatment. Circulating biomarkers play an important role in the diagnosis, progression monitoring, and prognosis evaluation of HCC. In recent years, with the discovery of a variety of new biomarkers, the development of biomarkers-related models, and the emergence of liquid biopsy technology, the diagnosis and treatment of HCC have been greatly improved. This article reviews the latest research advances of biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, aiming to provide new ideas for improving the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Liu A, Li Y, Shen L, Shen L, Li Z. Clinical utility of serum fucosylated fraction of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnostic of hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive analysis with large sample size. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2645-2664. [PMID: 35307694 PMCID: PMC9004564 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of the utility of AFP-L3 for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, to provide a more accurate estimation for the clinical utility of AFP-L3. We performed online searches in five databases (PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Web of Science, and Embase), from inception to December 31, 2021. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) with the matching 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to estimate the diagnostic value of AFP-L3. Thirty-four studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.77], and the specificity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.94). The estimated area under the curve (AUC) was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87-0.92). The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 7.78 (95% CI: 5.7-10.7) and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.26-0.41), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 24 (95% CI: 16-37). The subgroup analysis indicated moderate sensitivity (0.79) and high specificity (0.89) for the Asian population (AUC = 0.89), and similar specificity (0.95) but lower sensitivity (0.35) for Caucasians (AUC = 0.80). Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test detected no publication bias (P = 0.460). The sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled results were stable. Taken together, our results indicated that AFP-L3 demonstrates high diagnostic ability for HCC, especially among Asian populations. AFP-L3 is a useful means for high-volume screening, which can help doctors optimize diagnosis workflow, reduce workload, and improve detection sensitivity. The combination of multiple biomarkers may provide more accurate diagnostic tools for HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, PR China
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Chen Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Ning W, Chen L, Yin Y, Zhang W, Lian J, Wang H. Construction and predictive value of risk models of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein variants and fetal open neural tube defects. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:822-831. [PMID: 35238224 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221080458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) variants (AFP-L2, AFP-L3), free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG), and open neural tube defects (ONTDs) during the second trimester, and the screening efficiency of different risk models remain indistinct. We conducted a retrospective case-control study, and studied 57 pregnant women with ONTD fetuses and 569 pregnant women with normal fetuses. The receiver operating characteristic curve method indicated the best cutoff value and area under the curve (AUC). The predictive value of ONTD risk models by free β-hCG, AFP, AFP-L2, and AFP-L3 was investigated via integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Compared to the control group, AFP, AFP-L2, and AFP-L3 levels were significantly higher, while free β-hCG level was significantly lower in the study group. The triple-index model of free β-hCG + AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 and the dual-index model of AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 showed the best predictive values, respectively (AUC = 0.905; AUC = 0.885). The order of the single-index model AUCs was AFP-L3 > AFP-L2 > AFP > free β-hCG. The negative predictive value, false positive rate, and negative likelihood ratio of AFP-L2, AFP-L3 alone, or combined with free β- hCG were better than those of AFP alone; however, the positive likelihood ratio was the opposite. The replacement of AFP by AFP-L2 or AFP-L3 combined with free β-hCG increased the IDI and NRI for predicting ONTD. The top five DCAs were AFP-L2 + free β-hCG, free β-hCG, AFP-L3, AFP + free β-hCG, and AFP. Indicators of maternal serum free β-hCG, AFP-L2, and AFP-L3 in the second trimester exhibited high sensitivity and specificity screening for ONTD fetuses. Risk models constructed using AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 and AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 + free β-hCG demonstrated better screening efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Reproduction Center, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221010, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - WenWen Ning
- Department of the Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yixuan Yin
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jiejing Lian
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou 310008, China
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Chen Y, Wu B, Chen Y, Ning W, Zhang H. A Risk Model for Predicting Fetuses with Trisomy 21 Using Alpha-Fetoprotein Variants L2 Combined with Maternal Serum Biomarkers in Early Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1287-1295. [PMID: 34750768 PMCID: PMC8907085 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To establish a risk prediction model and the clinical value of trisomy 21 using alpha-fetoprotein variants L2 (AFP-L2) combined with maternal serum biomarkers and nuchal translucency (NT) thickness in early pregnancy. A retrospective case–control study was conducted. The subjects were divided into the case group (n = 40) or the control group (n = 40). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the maternal serum AFP-L2 level in both groups. The AFP-L2 single-index or multi-index combined risk model was used to predict the efficiency of trisomy 21. The best cut-off value and area under the curve (AUC) were determined to evaluate the predictive efficacy of different risk models constructed by AFP-L2. The maternal serum AFP-L2 level in the case group was 1.59 (0.61–3.61) Multiple of medium (MoM), which was higher than 1.00 (0.39–2.12) MoM in the control group (P < 0.001). The free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG) level and NT in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) level in the case group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The AUC of AFP-L2 in predicting trisomy 21 was 0.797. After considering the maternal serum AFP-L2 level, the AUC, detection rate (DR), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), falsepositive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), and negative likelihood ratio (-LR) were significantly improved. In this study, PAPP-A + free β-hCG + NT + AFP-L2 and PAPP-A + free β-hCG + AFP-L2 increased the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and net classification improvement (NRI) of predicting fetuses with trisomy 21 (1.10% and 5.27%; 11.07% and 2.78%) (1.10% and 5.27%; 11.07% and 2.78%), respectively, after considering the maternal serum AFP-L2 level. The maternal serum AFP-L2 level in early pregnancy had high sensitivity and specificity, and it was a good biomarker to predict fetuses with trisomy 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369, Kunpeng Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310008, China. .,The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Wenwen Ning
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
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Chen Y, Ning W, Wang H, Chen Y, Huang J, Wen L, Hu W. Effectiveness of alpha-fetoprotein variants L2 and L3 as substitutes of alpha-fetoprotein in screening for fetal Trisomy 18. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:6764-6769. [PMID: 33980109 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1922380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of alpha-fetoprotein variants (AFP-L2, AFP-L3) in fetal screening for Trisomy 18 in place of alpha fetoprotein (AFP). METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Collectively, 39 pregnant women bearing Trisomy 18 fetuses and 48 pregnant women with clinically normal and healthy fetuses were included. The serum AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The likelihood ratio method and Python software were used to construct the risk model with AFP, free β-hCG, AFP-L2, and AFP-L3 to predict Trisomy 18. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cutoff value, while the area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the screening performance of AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 for fetal Trisomy 18. RESULTS Compared to values observed for the control group, AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 concentrations which were significantly higher (both p< .001) in pregnant women with Trisomy 18 fetuses were 7.95 ± 3.57 ng/mL and 2.53 ± 1.80 ng/mL, respectively. Comparisons across multiple modeling methods showed that the highest AUC of screened Trisomy 18 fetuses (0.992, 0.986, and 0.976) was yielded by AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 + free β-hCG, AFP-L2 + free β-hCG, and AFP-L3 + free β-hCG, with a sensitivity of 1.000 indicated in both instances. In different modeling methods, the order of AUC values was AFP-L2 + AFP-L3 + free β-hCG > AFP-L2 + free β-hCG > AFP-L3 + free β-hCG > AFP + free β-hCG. CONCLUSIONS AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 showed higher sensitivity and specificity as substitutes for AFP in screening Trisomy 18. These two markers indeed improved the screening efficiency and reduced the false positive rate, when compared with AFP only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Ning
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxia Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Hu
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
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Chen Y, Wang X, Lu S, Huang J, Zhang L, Hu W. The diagnostic accuracy of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein variants (AFP-L2 and AFP-L3) in predicting fetal open neural tube defects and abdominal wall defects. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:125-131. [PMID: 32251652 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate a risk model of the maternal serum α-fetoprotein variants L2 and L3 (AFP-L2 and AFP-L3) for predicting fetal open neural tube defects (ONTD) and abdominal wall defects (AWD). METHODS Subjects were divided into the ONTD group (21), the AWD group (16) and the control group (38). Comparative analysis was performed using a risk model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were used for screening performance of AFP-L2 and AFP-L3. RESULTS AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 concentrations in the ONTD group and the AWD group were both significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The AUC for screening ONTD or AWD using AFP-L2 was 0.830 [95% confidence interval (CI):0.734-0.926, P < 0.001], while using AFP-L3 was 0.886 (95% CI: 0.809-0.963, P < 0.001). ROC curves indicated that the optimal threshold values for ONTD or AWD by AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 were 1.467 multiple of the median (MoM) and 1.944 MoM. The corresponding sensitivity, specificity and Youden index for AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 were 0.703, 0.947, 0.650 and 0.730, 0.974, 0.703, respectively. CONCLUSION AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 are favorable biomarkers for screening ONTD and AWD fetuses, and the risk model using AFP-L2 and AFP-L3 is of superior sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Sha Lu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Center, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Jianxia Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China.
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Wensheng Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China.
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Ji FQ, Teng J, Zheng QZ. Clinicopathologic significance and expression of serum alpha-fetoprotein variant in patients with primary liver cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:286-290. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-L3) in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) and to analyze its clinicopathologic significance.
METHODS: Sixty-two patients with PHC and 52 patients with benign liver diseases (BLD) were included. Serum levels of AFP and AFP-L3 were examined by lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA)-coupled spin column (ACSC) and electrochemiluminescence method, respectively. The percentage content of AFP-L3 was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to assess the pathology of PHC. The correlation between serum AFP-L3 and tumor size, differentiation, and stage
RESULTS: between patients with PHC and those with BLD (51.51% vs 34.62%, P > 0.05). in PHC patients than in BLD patients (79.03% vs 15.38%, P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of AFP for diagnosis of PHC were 51.61% and 65.39%, respectively, and the corresponding values for AFP-L3 were 79.03% and 84.62%AFP and AFP-L3 17% and 63.65%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of the two markers were 88.70% and 86.32%, respectively. The percentage content of AFP-L3 was significantly higher in PHC patients than in BLD patients (13.35% vs 2.05%, P < 0.05). positive rate of AFP-L3 in PHC patients was significantly higher than that in BLD patients (79.03% vs 15.38%, P < 0.05). positive rate of AFP-L3
CONCLUSION: Serum A has significant clinical value in estimating clinicopathologic
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Shim J, Go H, Lim YS, Moon KC, Ro JY, Cho YM. Hepatoid differentiation in renal cell carcinoma: a rare histologic pattern with clinical significance. Ann Diagn Pathol 2014; 18:363-8. [PMID: 25438926 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a rare extrahepatic aggressive tumor defined by morphologic and immunohistochemical evidences of hepatoid differentiation. In this study, clinicopathologic features of 3 cases of hepatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were analyzed. Case I was a 53-year-old man with stage III, with 1,460 ng/ml of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and a 12 cm-sized stage III RCC, which was a combined clear cell and papillary RCC type 2 with sarcomatoid dedifferentiation. Case II was a 62-year-old woman with stage IV, 6.5-cm clear cell RCC and 40,800 ng/mL of serum AFP. Case III was a 51-year-old woman with stage I, 1.6-cm Xp11 translocation RCC and 313.3 ng/mL of serum AFP. Cases I and II died of the disease at 26 and 21 months after radical nephrectomy, respectively. Case III was alive without the disease for 20 months at the last follow-up. Microscopically, three cases show hepatoid carcinoma areas with eosinophilic to clear cells, arranged in trabeculae, separated by thin sinusoidal vessels, in addition to diagnostic features of corresponding RCC subtypes. The tumor cells in these hepatoid carcinoma areas as well as at least focally in RCC areas were immunopositive for AFP in all three cases, but were immunonegative for other hepatic markers (Hep Par1, polyclonal CEA, and glypican 3). This report suggests that the hepatoid features with AFP production are aberrant differentiation that can be developed in various RCC subtypes. Recognizing hepatoid RCC will help explain abnormal elevation of serum AFP levelS, which can be used as a serum surveillance marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungweon Shim
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Department of Pathology, Liver Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Department of gastroenterology, Liver Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Y Ro
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yong Mee Cho
- Department of Pathology, Liver Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a major mammalian embryo-specific and tumor-associated protein that is also present in small quantities in adults at normal conditions. Discovery of the phenomenon of AFP biosynthesis in carcinogenesis by G. Abelev and Yu. Tatarinov 50 years ago, in 1963, provoked intensive studies of this protein. AFPs of some mammalian species were isolated, purified and physico-chemically and immunochemically characterized. Despite the significant success in study of AFP, its three-dimensional structure, mechanisms of receptor binding along with a structure of the receptor itself and, what is the most important, its biological role in embryo- and carcinogenesis remain still obscure. Due to difficulties linked with methodological limitations, research of AFP was to some extent extinguished by the 1990 s. However, over the last decade a growing number of investigations of AFP and its usage as a tumor-specific biomarker have been observed. This was caused by the use of new technologies, primarily, computer-based and genetic engineering approaches in studying of this very important oncodevelopmental protein. Our review summarizes efforts of different scientific groups throughout the world in studying AFP for 50 years with emphasis on detailed description of recent achievements in this field.
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Kaji H, Ocho M, Togayachi A, Kuno A, Sogabe M, Ohkura T, Nozaki H, Angata T, Chiba Y, Ozaki H, Hirabayashi J, Tanaka Y, Mizokami M, Ikehara Y, Narimatsu H. Glycoproteomic Discovery of Serological Biomarker Candidates for HCV/HBV Infection-Associated Liver Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2630-40. [PMID: 23586699 DOI: 10.1021/pr301217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kaji
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Ocho
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Togayachi
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Maki Sogabe
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohkura
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nozaki
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasunori Chiba
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ozaki
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun Hirabayashi
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology and Liver
Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Mizuho, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Mizokami
- Department of Virology and Liver
Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Mizuho, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical
Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Abstract
Principles and several modifications of lectin affinity electrophoresis are described. The results obtained using these newly developed techniques are reviewed for individual glycoproteins, the altered lectin reactivities of which have some clinical implications, showing different lectin reactivities, which occur not only on malignant transformation but also in association with inflammatory process and hormonal action.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Taketa
- Health Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- K Taketa
- Health Research Center, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
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13
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Marrink J, Sleijfer DT, de Vries EG, Schraffordt Koops H. Alpha-fetoprotein-lectin binding as a marker of tumour activity or liver damage. Eur J Cancer 1990; 26:969-72. [PMID: 1703772 DOI: 10.1016/0277-5379(90)90622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To establish whether alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) produced in the early post-treatment phase of a patient with a germ cell tumour of the testis or the ovary originates from the tumour or is due to an underlying disturbance in liver function, the binding of AFP to concanavalin A (Con A) was investigated as a discriminative variable. A two-step assay is described that can distinguish the type of AFP produced at levels as low as 10 ng/ml. A Con A-binding ratio of 12-43% was found in the patients with disseminated germ cell tumours and in patients with AFP-positive gastrointestinal carcinomas. AFP from the liver gives ratios below 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marrink
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
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