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Singh N, Singh D, Bhide A, Sharma R, Bhowmick S, Patel V, Modi D. LHX2 in germ cells control tubular organization in the developing mouse testis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 425:113511. [PMID: 36796745 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In the gonads of mammalian XY embryos, the organization of cords is the hallmark of testis development. This organization is thought to be controlled by interactions of the Sertoli cells, endothelial and interstitial cells with little or no role of germ cells. Challenging this notion, herein we show that the germ cells play an active role in the organization of the testicular tubules. We observed that the LIM-homeobox gene, Lhx2 is expressed in the germ cells of the developing testis between E12.5-E15.5. In Lhx2 knockout-fetal testis there was altered expression of several genes not just in germ cells but also in the supporting (Sertoli) cells, endothelial cells, and interstitial cells. Further, loss of Lhx2 led to disrupted endothelial cell migration and expansion of interstitial cells in the XY gonads. The cords in the developing testis of Lhx2 knockout embryos are disorganized with a disrupted basement membrane. Together, our results show an important role of Lhx2 in testicular development and imply the involvement of germ cells in the tubular organization of the differentiating testis. The preprint version of this manuscript is available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.29.522214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Domdatt Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Anshul Bhide
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Richa Sharma
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Shilpa Bhowmick
- Viral Immunopathogenesis Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Vainav Patel
- Viral Immunopathogenesis Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Colaco S, Achrekar S, Patil A, Sawant U, Desai S, Mangoli V, Jirge PR, Modi D, Mahale SD. Association of AMH and AMHR2 gene polymorphisms with ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes in Indian women. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1633-1642. [PMID: 35713750 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and AMH type II receptor (AMHR2) genes with ovarian response and clinical pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. METHODS In this prospective study, we genotyped AMH polymorphisms (c. -649 T > C, c. 146 T > G, c. 252 G > A, and c. 303 G > A) in 365 women and AMHR2 polymorphisms (c. -482 A > G, c. 622-6 C > T, c. 4952 G > A, c. 10 A > G) in 80 women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF. RESULTS Higher doses of exogenous FSH and lower numbers of preovulatory follicles were noted in women having AMH c. -649 T > C and AMH c. -146 T > G polymorphisms, respectively. Overall, we found that the presence of a polymorphic genotype (homozygous or heterozygous) at positions c. -649 T > C, c. 146 T > G, c. 252 G > A, and c. 303 G > A in the AMH gene was associated with higher doses of FSH for ovulation induction (p < 0.001). Interestingly, a higher live birth rate was noted in women with a homozygous polymorphic genotype for all four AMH SNPs investigated while none of the women showing a homozygous polymorphic genotype at all AMHR2 SNPs investigated in this study had a live birth. CONCLUSION Our results show that presence of AMHR2 SNPs (c. 482 A > G, c. 622-6 C > T, c. 4952 G > A, and c. 10 A > G) negatively correlate with live birth rate. However, these findings need to be validated by using larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Colaco
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Swati Achrekar
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Akshata Patil
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Unnati Sawant
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Sadhna Desai
- Fertility Clinic and IVF Center, Mumbai, 400 007, India
| | - Vijay Mangoli
- Fertility Clinic and IVF Center, Mumbai, 400 007, India
| | - Padma Rekha Jirge
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shreyas Hospital and Sushrut Assisted Conception Clinic, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
| | - Smita D Mahale
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Laheri S, Modi D, Bhatt P. Extra-oviductal expression of oviductal glycoprotein 1 in mouse: Detection in testis, epididymis and ovary. J Biosci 2017; 42:69-80. [PMID: 28229966 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oviductal glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1), also called oviductin, is an oviduct-specific protein and is suggested to play a role in fertilization. Traditionally, Ovgp1 has been shown to be exclusively expressed by the oviduct; however, recent studies have demonstrated its expression in some cancers. This observation led us to hypothesize that Ovgp1 might have some extra-oviductal expression. In the current study, we evaluated the mRNA and protein expression of Ovgp1 in normal reproductive tissues of male and female mice. For the first time, we demonstrate that beyond the oviduct, Ovgp1 mRNA is expressed in the testis, epididymis and ovary, but not in the uterus, cervix, vagina, breast, seminal vesicles and prostate gland. In the testis, Ovgp1 mRNA was localized in the cells at the base of seminiferous tubules (most likely, Sertoli cells), while the protein was detected in the round and elongating spermatids. In the epididymis, Ovgp1 transcripts were localized in epididymal epithelium of the caput but not the corpus and cauda; OVGP1 protein was, however, not detected in any of the segments but was present in the epididymal sperm. In the ovary, Ovgp1 transcripts and protein were detected in the surface epithelium, granulosa cells of the preantral and the antral follicles and corpus luteum. In both, the ovary and oviduct, the expression of Ovgp1 was found to be higher at estrus stage than at diestrus stage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the extra-oviductal expression of Ovgp1. Our data suggests that, beyond fertilization, Ovgp1 might have specific roles in gonadal physiology. [Laheri S, Modi D and Bhatt P 2017 Extra-oviductal expression of oviductal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Laheri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400 056, India
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Mortensen KH, Andersen NH, Gravholt CH. Cardiovascular phenotype in Turner syndrome--integrating cardiology, genetics, and endocrinology. Endocr Rev 2012; 33:677-714. [PMID: 22707402 DOI: 10.1210/er.2011-1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is emerging as a cardinal trait of Turner syndrome, being responsible for half of the 3-fold excess mortality. Turner syndrome has been proposed as an independent risk marker for cardiovascular disease that manifests as congenital heart disease, aortic dilation and dissection, valvular heart disease, hypertension, thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Risk stratification is unfortunately not straightforward because risk markers derived from the general population inadequately identify the subset of females with Turner syndrome who will suffer events. A high prevalence of endocrine disorders adds to the complexity, exacerbating cardiovascular prognosis. Mounting knowledge about the prevalence and interplay of cardiovascular and endocrine disease in Turner syndrome is paralleled by improved understanding of the genetics of the X-chromosome in both normal health and disease. At present in Turner syndrome, this is most advanced for the SHOX gene, which partly explains the growth deficit. This review provides an up-to-date condensation of current state-of-the-art knowledge in Turner syndrome, the main focus being cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim is to provide insight into pathogenesis of Turner syndrome with perspectives to advances in the understanding of genetics of the X-chromosome. The review also incorporates important endocrine features, in order to comprehensively explain the cardiovascular phenotype and to highlight how raised attention to endocrinology and genetics is important in the identification and modification of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian H Mortensen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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