Hendriksz CJ, Al-Jawad M, Berger KI, Hawley SM, Lawrence R, Mc Ardle C, Summers CG, Wright E, Braunlin E. Clinical overview and treatment options for non-skeletal manifestations of mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA.
J Inherit Metab Dis 2013;
36:309-22. [PMID:
22358740 PMCID:
PMC3590399 DOI:
10.1007/s10545-012-9459-0]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) or Morquio syndrome is a multisystem disorder caused by galactosamine-6-sulfatase deficiency. Skeletal manifestations, including short stature, skeletal dysplasia, cervical instability, and joint destruction, are known to be associated with this condition. Due to the severity of these skeletal manifestations, the non-skeletal manifestations are frequently overlooked despite their significant contribution to disease progression and impact on quality of life. This review provides detailed information regarding the non-skeletal manifestations and suggests long-term assessment guidelines. The visual, auditory, digestive, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems are addressed and overall quality of life as measured by endurance and other functional abilities is discussed. Impairments such as corneal clouding, astigmatism, glaucoma, hearing loss, hernias, hepatomegaly, dental abnormalities, cardiac valve thickening and regurgitation, obstructive sleep apnea, tracheomalacia, restrictive and obstructive respiratory compromise, and muscular weakness are discussed. Increased awareness of these non-skeletal features is needed to improve patient care.
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