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Atli EI, Atli E, Yalcintepe S, Gurkan H. A Rare Case of Mosaic Unbalanced Non-Robertsonian Translocation Involving Chromosomes 15 and 22 with Congenital Abnormalities in Monozygotic Twins. Mol Syndromol 2020; 10:320-326. [PMID: 32021606 DOI: 10.1159/000505004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanced de novo non-robertsonian translocations (non-RTs), which involve acrocentric chromosomes, are rare findings in clinical cytogenetics and may be associated with an abnormal phenotype. These translocations, detected by conventional karyotyping, are found in approximately 1:1,000 neonates. In most of these cases, one of the parents carries the same translocation. In this study, we report a rare non-RT involving chromosomes 15 and 22 defined as 45, XX, -22,der(15;22)t(15;22)/46, XX, der(15)t(15;22),der(22). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a non-RT t(15;22) with these breakpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine I Atli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Engin Atli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Sinem Yalcintepe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gurkan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Kovaleva NV. An overlooked phenomenon: Female-biased sex ratio among carriers of Robertsonian translocations detected in consecutive newborn studies. RUSS J GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795417120067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Simioni M, Artiguenave F, Meyer V, Sgardioli IC, Viguetti-Campos NL, Lopes Monlleó I, Maciel-Guerra AT, Steiner CE, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. Genomic Investigation of Balanced Chromosomal Rearrangements in Patients with Abnormal Phenotypes. Mol Syndromol 2017; 8:187-194. [PMID: 28690484 DOI: 10.1159/000477084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanced chromosomal rearrangements (BCR) are associated with abnormal phenotypes in approximately 6% of balanced translocations and 9.4% of balanced inversions. Abnormal phenotypes can be caused by disruption of genes at the breakpoints, deletions, or positional effects. Conventional cytogenetic techniques have a limited resolution and do not enable a thorough genetic investigation. Molecular techniques applied to BCR carriers can contribute to the characterization of this type of chromosomal rearrangement and to the phenotype-genotype correlation. Fifteen individuals among 35 with abnormal phenotypes and BCR were selected for further investigation by molecular techniques. Chromosomal rearrangements involved 11 reciprocal translocations, 3 inversions, and 1 balanced insertion. Array genomic hybridization (AGH) was performed and genomic imbalances were detected in 20% of the cases, 1 at a rearrangement breakpoint and 2 further breakpoints in other chromosomes. Alterations were further confirmed by FISH and associated with the phenotype of the carriers. In the analyzed cases not showing genomic imbalances by AGH, next-generation sequencing (NGS), using whole genome libraries, prepared following the Illumina TruSeq DNA PCR-Free protocol (Illumina®) and then sequenced on an Illumina HiSEQ 2000 as 150-bp paired-end reads, was done. The NGS results suggested breakpoints in 7 cases that were similar or near those estimated by karyotyping. The genes overlapping 6 breakpoint regions were analyzed. Follow-up of BCR carriers would improve the knowledge about these chromosomal rearrangements and their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simioni
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ilária C Sgardioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nilma L Viguetti-Campos
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isabella Lopes Monlleó
- Clinical Genetics Service, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Andréa T Maciel-Guerra
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Steiner
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vera L Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Kovaleva NV, Cotter PD. Mosaicism for structural non-centromeric autosomal rearrangements in disease-defined carriers: sex differences in the rearrangements profile and maternal age distributions. Mol Cytogenet 2017; 10:18. [PMID: 28533817 PMCID: PMC5438540 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-017-0321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mosaicism for an autosomal structural rearrangement (Rea) associated with clinical manifestation of chromosomal imbalance is rare. Consequently, there is a lack of basic epidemiological characterization of this kind of mosaicism, such as population rate, cytogenetic profile of Reas involved, maternal age distribution, and sex (male to female) ratio among Rea carriers. The objectives of the present study were: (i) determination of the Rea profile in clinically affected individuals, (ii) comparative analysis of the cytogenetic profile and involvement of single chromosomes to rearrangements in affected and previously reported asymptomatic carriers, (iii) analysis of the male/female ratio in carriers of various types of Rea, and, (iv) examination of parental ages distributions according to carriers’ sex. Results Two hundred and forty six disease-defined cases of mosaicism for autosomal non-centromeric Rea with a normal cell line of known sex were identified from the literature. There was a significant difference in single chromosome involvements compared to structural rearrangements between affected and asymptomatic carriers of unbalanced Rea, p =0.0030. In affected carriers, chromosome 18 was most frequently involved in structural rearrangements (12.6% of 246 instances). The least frequently rearranged were chromosomes 16 and 21 (0.8% and 1.2%, respectively). In asymptomatic carriers, the most frequently rearranged were chromosomes 5 and 21 (13% of 51 instances each). Among carriers of “loss” or “gain/loss” of genomic material, a female predominance was observed (50 M/89 F, different from population ratio of 1.06 at p = 0.0002). Carriers of either “gain” or balanced Rea demonstrated typical male predominance (41 M/30 F and 18 M/16 F), not different from 1.06. Maternal and paternal ages were reported in 129 and in 109 cases, respectively. There was a significant difference in maternal age distribution between male and female carriers, with mean maternal age of 25.2 years vs 28.3 years (p = 0.032). However, there was no difference in paternal age, with mean paternal age of 29.4 in both groups. Conclusion The data suggested that structural rearrangements of certain chromosomes involved in mosaicism may not be tolerated by the embryo, while others have higher survival prospects. Maternal age appears to be a risk factor for somatic mosaicism of structural Rea in female offspring or might cause an adverse effect on male embryo viability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13039-017-0321-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Kovaleva
- Academy of Molecular Medicine, Mytniskaya str. 12/44, St. Petersburg, 191144 Russian Federation
| | - Philip D Cotter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA.,ResearchDx Inc., Irvine, CA USA
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Kim JW, Shim SH, Lee WS. De novo balanced reciprocal translocation t(2;3)(q31;q27) in a fetus conceived using PGD in a t(2;14)(q35;q32.1) balanced reciprocal translocation carrier mother. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:841-844. [PMID: 28588822 PMCID: PMC5457991 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported a case of a t(2;14) balanced reciprocal translocation carrier mother that conceived by IVF accompanied by PGD/PGS using array-CGH; however, de novo t(2;3) was detected in the prenatal diagnosis. A healthy baby was delivered, and careful observation is needed for PGD/PGS cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center CHA University Seoul Korea
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Genetics Laboratory Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center CHA University Seoul Korea
| | - Woo Sik Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center CHA University Seoul Korea
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Ren T, Li Z, Yan B, Tan F, Tang Z, Fu S, Yang M, Ren Z. De novo balanced complex chromosome rearrangements involving chromosomes 1B and 3B of wheat and 1R of rye. Genome 2016; 59:1076-1084. [PMID: 27819140 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2016-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs) are defined as structural abnormalities involving more than two chromosome breaks, coupled with exchanges of chromosomal segments. Information on CCRs in plants is limited. In the present study, a plant (26-4) harboring translocation chromosomes 1RS.1BL and 4RS.4DL was selected from a double monosomic (1R and 4R) addition line, which was derived from the hybrid between wheat cultivar MY11 and a Chinese local rye variety. The genome of the plant with double alien translocation chromosomes in the monosomic form showed more instability than that harboring a single translocation. The CCRs involving chromosomes 1RS.1BL and 3B, which were generated de novo in this plant, showed double monosomic translocation chromosomes. A new CCR line with balanced reciprocal translocations 1RS.3BL and 3BS.1BL was developed, which presented normal morphological traits of wheat and underwent rapid growth in the field. A new 1RS.1BL translocation line was also selected from the progeny of plant 26-4. The CCRs and simple 1RS.1BL translocation lines showed significant improvement in grain yield, number of spikes per square meter, kernel number per spike, and resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew. The CCR line exhibited better agronomic traits and adult plant resistance in the field than its sister line, which harbored a simple 1RS.1BL translocation. The CCRs are remarkable genetic resources for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianheng Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Benju Yan
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Feiquan Tan
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shulan Fu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Manyu Yang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhenglong Ren
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.,Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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Simioni M, Steiner CE, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. De novo double reciprocal translocations in addition to partial monosomy at another chromosome: A very rare case. Gene 2015; 573:166-70. [PMID: 26318482 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reciprocal translocations are one of themost common structural rearrangements with a frequency of 1:500 and occur when there is an exchange of distal segments to breakpoints between non-homologous chromosomes. Two or three independent, simple reciprocal or Robertsonian translocations co-exist in the same carrier were classified as complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs). Structural chromosome rearrangements are considered balanced when there is no apparent gain or loss of chromosome material. In majority of cases, apparently balanced structural chromosome rearrangements (ABCR) are not associated with abnormal phenotypes, although these have been described in 6% of de novo ABCR and 23% of apparently balanced CCR. Here we report a patient with de novo two apparently balanced reciprocal translocations and two partial monosomies, one of these involving an independent chromosome characterized by microarray. Structural rearrangement investigations can improve the knowledge about human genome architecture and correlation of genomic imbalances to abnormal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simioni
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Steiner
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Disruption of EXOC6B in a patient with developmental delay, epilepsy, and a de novo balanced t(2;8) translocation. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1177-80. [PMID: 23422942 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Most balanced chromosomal aberrations are not associated with a clinical phenotype, however, in some patients they may disrupt gene structure. With the development of various next-generation sequencing techniques, fast and specific analyses of the breakpoint regions of chromosomal rearrangements are possible. Here, we report on a 19-year-old woman with a de novo balanced translocation t(2;8)(p13.2;q22.1) and a severe clinical phenotype including intellectual disability, epilepsy, behavioral features resembling autism, and minor dysmorphic features. By next-generation sequencing, we defined the breakpoints and found disruption of the exocyst complex component 6B (EXOC6B) gene in intron 1 on chromosome 2p13.2 involving two Alu elements with a homology of 81%. No gene was found at the respective breakpoint on chromosome 8. Expression analysis of the EXOC6B in blood lymphocytes and buccal smear revealed reduced expression in the patient in comparison with the control. Our findings in combination with one recently published case and one other patient listed in DECIPHER v5.1 indicate EXOC6B as a gene relevant for intellectual development and electrophysiological stability.
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