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Panasiak L, Kuciński M, Hliwa P, Pomianowski K, Ocalewicz K. Telomerase Activity in Somatic Tissues and Ovaries of Diploid and Triploid Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Females. Cells 2023; 12:1772. [PMID: 37443805 PMCID: PMC10340188 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomerase activity has been found in the somatic tissues of rainbow trout. The enzyme is essential for maintaining telomere length but also assures homeostasis of the fish organs, playing an important role during tissue regeneration. The unique morphological and physiological characteristics of triploid rainbow trout, when compared to diploid specimens, make them a promising model for studies concerning telomerase activity. Thus, in this study, we examined the expression of the Tert gene in various organs of subadult and adult diploid and triploid rainbow trout females. Upregulated Tert mRNA transcription was observed in all the examined somatic tissues sampled from the triploid fish when compared to diploid individuals. Contrastingly, Tert expression in the ovaries was significantly decreased in the triploid specimens. Within the diploids, the highest expression of Tert was observed in the liver and in the ovaries of the subadult individuals. In the triploids, Tert expression was increased in the somatic tissues, while the ovaries exhibited lower activity of telomerase compared to other organs and decreased compared to the ovaries in the diploids. The ovaries of triploid individuals were underdeveloped, consisting of only a few oocytes. The lack of germ cells, which are usually characterized by high Tert expression, might be responsible for the decrease in telomerase activity in the triploid ovaries. The increase in Tert expression in triploid somatic tissues suggests that they require higher telomerase activity to cope with environmental stress and maintain internal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Panasiak
- Department of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, M. Piłsudskiego 46 Av., 81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (M.K.); (K.O.)
| | - Marcin Kuciński
- Department of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, M. Piłsudskiego 46 Av., 81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (M.K.); (K.O.)
| | - Piotr Hliwa
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska St. 117, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Konrad Pomianowski
- Laboratory of Physiology of Marine Organisms, Genetics and Marine Biotechnology Department, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland;
| | - Konrad Ocalewicz
- Department of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, M. Piłsudskiego 46 Av., 81-378 Gdynia, Poland; (M.K.); (K.O.)
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Lu M, Zhang QC, Zhu ZY, Peng F, Li Z, Wang Y, Li XY, Wang ZW, Zhang XJ, Zhou L, Gui JF. An efficient approach to synthesize sterile allopolyploids through the combined reproduction mode of ameiotic oogenesis and sperm-egg fusion in the polyploid Carassius complex. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:1038-1050. [PMID: 37173259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The association between polyploidy and reproduction transition, which is an intriguing issue in evolutionary genetics, can also be exploited as an approach for genetic improvement in agriculture. Recently, we generated novel amphitriploids (NA3n) by integrating the genomes of the gynogenetic Carassius gibelio and sexual C. auratus, and found gynogenesis was recovered in most NA3n females (NA3n♀I). Here, we discovered a unique reproduction mode, termed ameio-fusiongenesis, which combines the abilities of both ameiotic oogenesis and sperm-egg fusion, in a few NA3n females (NA3n♀II). These females inherited ameiotic oogenesis to produce unreduced eggs from gynogenetic C. gibelio and sperm-egg fusion from sexual C. auratus. Subsequently, we utilized this unique reproduction mode to generate a group of synthetic alloheptaploids by crossing NA3n♀II with Megalobrama amblycephala. They contained all chromosomes of maternal NA3n♀II and a chromosomal set of paternal M. amblycephala. Intergenomic chromosome translocations between NA3n♀II and M. amblycephala were also observed in a few somatic cells. Primary oocytes of the alloheptaploid underwent severe apoptosis owing to incomplete double-strand break repair at prophase I. Although spermatocytes displayed similar chromosome behavior at prophase I, they underwent apoptosis due to chromosome separation failure at metaphase I. Therefore, the alloheptaploid females and males were all sterile. Finally, we established a sustainable clone for the large-scale production of NA3n♀II and developed an efficient approach to synthesize diverse allopolyploids containing genomes of different cyprinid species. These findings not only broaden our understanding of reproduction transition but also offer a practical strategy for polyploidy breeding and heterosis fixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin-Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi-Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Shibata K, Kuroda M, Yamaha E, Arai K, Fujimoto T. Nucleotide Sequence and Chromosome Mapping of 5S Ribosomal DNA from the Dojo Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Cytogenet Genome Res 2023; 162:570-578. [PMID: 36682354 DOI: 10.1159/000529150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There are 2 genetically divergent groups in the dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: A and B. Although most wild-type diploids reproduce sexually, clonal diploids (clonal loach) reproduce gynogenetically in certain areas. Clonal loaches produce unreduced isogenic eggs by premeiotic endomitosis, and such diploid eggs develop gynogenetically following activation by the sperm of sympatric wild-type diploids. These clonal loaches have presumably arisen from past hybridization events between 2 different ancestors. The genomic differences between these 2 groups have not been completely elucidated. Thus, new genetic and cytogenetic markers are required to distinguish between these 2 groups. Here, we compared the 5S rDNA region to develop markers for the identification of different dojo loach groups. The nontranscribed sequence (NTS) of the 5S rDNA was highly polymorphic and group-specific. NTSs were found in clades of 2 different groups in clonal loaches. In contrast, we did not find any group-specific sequences in the coding region of the 5S rRNA gene. Sequences were located near the centromere of the short arm of the largest submetacentric chromosomes in groups A and B and clonal loaches. Thus, the 5S rDNA of the dojo loach is conserved at the chromosomal location. Whereas, the sequences of the NTS regions evolved group-specifically in the dojo loach, with the sequences of both groups being conserved in clonal loaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiko Shibata
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Masamichi Kuroda
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Etsuro Yamaha
- Nanae Freshwater Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Nanae, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Arai
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
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Wu P, Zeng Y, Qin Q, Wu C, Wang Y, Zhao R, Tao M, Zhang C, Tang C, Liu S. Comparative analysis of the texture, composition, antioxidant capacity and nutrients of natural gynogenesis blunt snout bream and its parent muscle. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) shock to induce triploid development in the European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.). Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 237:106929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Janko K, Bartoš O, Kočí J, Roslein J, Drdová EJ, Kotusz J, Eisner J, Mokrejš M, Štefková-Kašparová E. Genome Fractionation and Loss of Heterozygosity in Hybrids and Polyploids: Mechanisms, Consequences for Selection, and Link to Gene Function. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5255-5274. [PMID: 34410426 PMCID: PMC8662595 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization and genome duplication have played crucial roles in the evolution of many animal and plant taxa. The subgenomes of parental species undergo considerable changes in hybrids and polyploids, which often selectively eliminate segments of one subgenome. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes are not well understood, particularly when the hybridization is linked with asexual reproduction that opens up unexpected evolutionary pathways. To elucidate this problem, we compared published cytogenetic and RNAseq data with exome sequences of asexual diploid and polyploid hybrids between three fish species; Cobitis elongatoides, C. taenia, and C. tanaitica. Clonal genomes remained generally static at chromosome-scale levels but their heterozygosity gradually deteriorated at the level of individual genes owing to allelic deletions and conversions. Interestingly, the impact of both processes varies among animals and genomic regions depending on ploidy level and the properties of affected genes. Namely, polyploids were more tolerant to deletions than diploid asexuals where conversions prevailed, and genomic restructuring events accumulated preferentially in genes characterized by high transcription levels and GC-content, strong purifying selection and specific functions like interacting with intracellular membranes. Although hybrids were phenotypically more similar to C. taenia, we found that they preferentially retained C. elongatoides alleles. This demonstrates that favored subgenome is not necessarily the transcriptionally dominant one. This study demonstrated that subgenomes in asexual hybrids and polyploids evolve under a complex interplay of selection and several molecular mechanisms whose efficiency depends on the organism's ploidy level, as well as functional properties and parental ancestry of the genomic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Janko
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Bartoš
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kočí
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Roslein
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Edita Janková Drdová
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotusz
- Museum of Natural History, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jan Eisner
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mokrejš
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- IT4Innovations, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Štefková-Kašparová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Breeding, FAFNR, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
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Stöck M, Dedukh D, Reifová R, Lamatsch DK, Starostová Z, Janko K. Sex chromosomes in meiotic, hemiclonal, clonal and polyploid hybrid vertebrates: along the 'extended speciation continuum'. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200103. [PMID: 34304588 PMCID: PMC8310718 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We review knowledge about the roles of sex chromosomes in vertebrate hybridization and speciation, exploring a gradient of divergences with increasing reproductive isolation (speciation continuum). Under early divergence, well-differentiated sex chromosomes in meiotic hybrids may cause Haldane-effects and introgress less easily than autosomes. Undifferentiated sex chromosomes are more susceptible to introgression and form multiple (or new) sex chromosome systems with hardly predictable dominance hierarchies. Under increased divergence, most vertebrates reach complete intrinsic reproductive isolation. Slightly earlier, some hybrids (linked in 'the extended speciation continuum') exhibit aberrant gametogenesis, leading towards female clonality. This facilitates the evolution of various allodiploid and allopolyploid clonal ('asexual') hybrid vertebrates, where 'asexuality' might be a form of intrinsic reproductive isolation. A comprehensive list of 'asexual' hybrid vertebrates shows that they all evolved from parents with divergences that were greater than at the intraspecific level (K2P-distances of greater than 5-22% based on mtDNA). These 'asexual' taxa inherited genetic sex determination by mostly undifferentiated sex chromosomes. Among the few known sex-determining systems in hybrid 'asexuals', female heterogamety (ZW) occurred about twice as often as male heterogamety (XY). We hypothesize that pre-/meiotic aberrations in all-female ZW-hybrids present Haldane-effects promoting their evolution. Understanding the preconditions to produce various clonal or meiotic allopolyploids appears crucial for insights into the evolution of sex, 'asexuality' and polyploidy. This article is part of the theme issue 'Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part II)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Stöck
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries - IGB (Forschungsverbund Berlin), Müggelseedamm 301, 12587 Berlin, Germany
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Dmitrij Dedukh
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Reifová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dunja K. Lamatsch
- Research Department for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondseestrasse 9, A-5310 Mondsee, Austria
| | - Zuzana Starostová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Janko
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Improvement in group identification of dojo loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-021-01230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fujimoto T, Nishimura T. Chromosome Set Manipulation and Genome Manipulation in Aquaculture. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.68.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kuroda M, Shibata K, Fujimoto T, Murakami M, Yamaha E, Arai K. FISH Identifies Chromosome Differentiation Between Contemporary Genomes of Wild Types and the Ancestral Genome of Unisexual Clones of Dojo Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:178-186. [PMID: 33971659 DOI: 10.1159/000515107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In dojo loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), although most wild types are gonochoristic diploids that are genetically differentiated into 2 groups, A and B, clonal lineages appear in certain localities. Clonal loaches have been considered to have hybrid origins between the 2 groups by a series of genetic studies. In this study, using FISH with a newly developed probe (ManDra-A), we identified 26 (1 pair of metacentric and 12 pairs of telocentric chromosomes) of 50 diploid chromosomes in contemporary wild-type group A loach. In contrast, ManDra-A signals were not detected on metacentric chromosomes derived from the ancestral group A of clonal loach. The FISH results clearly showed the presence of certain differentiations in metacentric chromosomes between ancestral and contemporary group A loach. Two-color FISH with ManDra-A and group B-specific ManDra (renamed ManDra-B) probes reconfirmed the hybrid origin of clones by identifying chromosomes from both groups A and B in metaphases. Our results showed the hybrid origin of clonally reproducing fish and the possibility that chromosomal differentiation between ancestral and contemporary fish can affect gametogenesis. In meiotic spermatocytes of sex-reversed clones, ManDra-A, and not ManDra-B, signals were detected in 12 out of 50 bivalents. Thus, the results further support the previous conclusion that clonal gametogenesis was assured by pairing between sister chromosomes duplicated from each ancestral chromosome from group A or B. Our study deepens the knowledge about the association between clonality and hybridity in unisexual vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Kuroda
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan.,Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Kiko Shibata
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Murakami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Etsuro Yamaha
- Nanae Freshwater Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Nanae, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Arai
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan.,Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Shivaramu S, Lebeda I, Vuong DT, Rodina M, Gela D, Flajšhans M. Ploidy Levels and Fitness-Related Traits in Purebreds and Hybrids Originating from Sterlet ( Acipenser ruthenus) and Unusual Ploidy Levels of Siberian Sturgeon ( A. baerii). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1164. [PMID: 33023081 PMCID: PMC7600540 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate and compare fitness-related traits and ploidy levels of purebreds and hybrids produced from sturgeon broodstock with both normal and abnormal ploidy levels. We used diploid Acipenser ruthenus and tetraploid A. baerii males and females to produce purebreds and reciprocal hybrids of normal ploidy levels. Likewise, we used diploid A. ruthenus and tetraploid A. baerii females mated to pentaploid and hexaploid A. baerii males to produce hybrids of abnormal ploidy levels. Fertilization of ova of A. ruthenus and A. baerii of normal ploidy with the sperm of pentaploid and hexaploid A. baerii produced fully viable progeny with ploidy levels that were intermediate between those of the parents as was also found in crosses of purebreds and reciprocal hybrids of normal ploidy levels. The A. ruthenus × pentaploid A. baerii and A. ruthenus × hexaploid A. baerii hybrids did not survive after 22 days post-hatch (dph). Mean body weight and cumulative survival were periodically checked at seven-time intervals. The recorded values of mean body weight were significantly higher in A. baerii × pentaploid A. baerii hybrids than other groups at three sampling points (160, 252 and 330 dph). In contrast, the highest cumulative survival was observed in A. baerii × A. ruthenus hybrids at all sampling points (14.47 ± 5.70 at 497 dph). Overall, most of the studied sturgeon hybrids displayed higher mean BW and cumulative survival compared to the purebreds. The utilization of sturgeon hybrids should be restricted to aquaculture purposes because they can pose a significant genetic threat to native populations through ecological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Shivaramu
- South Bohemian Research Center for Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; (I.L.); (D.T.V.); (M.R.); (D.G.); (M.F.)
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Dalziel AC, Tirbhowan S, Drapeau HF, Power C, Jonah LS, Gbotsyo YA, Dion‐Côté A. Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded ( Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish ( F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system. Evol Appl 2020; 13:1214-1239. [PMID: 32684956 PMCID: PMC7359844 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild, asexual, vertebrate hybrids have many characteristics that make them good model systems for studying how genomes evolve and epigenetic modifications influence animal physiology. In particular, the formation of asexual hybrid lineages is a form of reproductive incompatibility, but we know little about the genetic and genomic mechanisms by which this mode of reproductive isolation proceeds in animals. Asexual lineages also provide researchers with the ability to produce genetically identical individuals, enabling the study of autonomous epigenetic modifications without the confounds of genetic variation. Here, we briefly review the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to asexual reproduction in vertebrates and the known genetic and epigenetic consequences of the loss of sex. We then specifically discuss what is known about asexual lineages of Fundulus diaphanus x F. heteroclitus to highlight gaps in our knowledge of the biology of these clones. Our preliminary studies of F. diaphanus and F. heteroclitus karyotypes from Porter's Lake (Nova Scotia, Canada) agree with data from other populations, suggesting a conserved interspecific chromosomal arrangement. In addition, genetic analyses suggest that: (a) the same major clonal lineage (Clone A) of F. diaphanus x F. heteroclitus has remained dominant over the past decade, (b) some minor clones have also persisted, (c) new clones may have recently formed, and iv) wild clones still mainly descend from F. diaphanus ♀ x F. heteroclitus ♂ crosses (96% in 2017-2018). These data suggest that clone formation may be a relatively rare, but continuous process, and there are persistent environmental or genetic factors causing a bias in cross direction. We end by describing our current research on the genomic causes and consequences of a transition to asexuality and the potential physiological consequences of epigenetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana Tirbhowan
- Department of BiologySaint Mary's UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
- Département de biologieUniversité de MonctonMonctonNBCanada
| | | | - Claude Power
- Département de biologieUniversité de MonctonMonctonNBCanada
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Transcriptome Analysis of Maternal Gene Transcripts in Unfertilized Eggs of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Identification of Immune-Related Maternal Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113872. [PMID: 32485896 PMCID: PMC7312655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal genes are important in directing early development and determining egg quality in fish. We here report the de novo transcriptome from four tissue libraries of the cyprinid loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, and for the first time identified maternal gene transcripts in unfertilized eggs and suggest their immune system involvement. Expression profiles and functional enrichment revealed a total 24,116 transcripts were expressed as maternal transcripts in unfertilized eggs, which were involved in a wide range of biological functions and pathways. Comparison expression profiles and analysis of tissue specificity revealed that the large numbers of maternal transcripts were stored in unfertilized eggs near the late phase of ovarian maturation and before ovulation. Functional classification showed a total of 279 maternal immune-related transcripts classified with immune system process GO term and immune system KEGG pathway. qPCR analysis showed that transcript levels of identified maternal immune-related candidate genes were dynamically modulated during development and early ontogeny of M. anguillicaudatus. Taken together, this study could not only provide knowledge on the protective roles of maternal immune-related genes during early life stage of M. anguillicaudatus but could also be a valuable transcriptomic/genomic resource for further analysis of maternally provisioned genes in M. anguillicaudatus and other related teleost fishes.
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Jablonska O, Juchno D, Leska A, Kowalewska K, Boroń A. Variable occurrence of apoptosis in the testes of diploid and sterile allotetraploid Cobitis (Teleostei, Cobitidae) males during the reproductive cycle. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb212050. [PMID: 32205361 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.212050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cobitis species exist in both diploid and diploid-polyploid (d-p) populations, but mostly occur in the latter. They are considered an important model organism to study the biology and physiology of natural hybrid and polyploid vertebrates. Indeed, polyploidization causes a huge stress for in terms of cell physiology and alters spermatogenesis in polyploid fish. The most extensively studied mode of germ cell death during spermatogenesis in vertebrates is apoptosis. The aim of this study was to examine caspase-3 immunoexpression in the testes of Cobitis taenia from a diploid population as well as C. taenia and sterile tetraploid Cobitis from d-p populations before, during and after spawning. The obtained results suggest a different performance of apoptosis in the testes of C. taenia from the two studied populations and seems to be conditioned by their role as the only sperm donors in d-p populations. Moreover, apoptosis was an active cell death process in the testes of tetraploid Cobitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Jablonska
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dorota Juchno
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Leska
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Kowalewska
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Alicja Boroń
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Kuroda M, Fujimoto T, Murakami M, Yamaha E, Arai K. Aberrant Meiotic Configurations Cause Sterility in Clone-Origin Triploid and Inter-Group Hybrid Males of the Dojo Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 158:46-54. [DOI: 10.1159/000500303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonochoristic wild-type dojo loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) are diploid (2n = 50) and reproduce bisexually. However, sympatric clonal diploids generate unreduced diploid isogenic eggs that develop gynogenetically. Clone-origin triploidy arises following the incorporation of a haploid wild-type sperm nucleus into the diploid egg. Triploid females produce fertile haploid eggs by meiotic hybridogenesis, while triploid males are sterile. Clonal loaches arose from past hybridization event(s) between genetically diverse groups, A and B. Artificial hybrid females between the 2 groups produce unreduced and/or aneuploid eggs, but the hybrid males are sterile. In this study using FISH, we analyzed chromosome pairing in meiotic cells of clone-origin triploid and inter-group hybrid males to clarify the cytogenetic mechanisms underlying the male-specific sterility. We used a repetitive sequence probe to identify group B-derived chromosomes and a 5.8S + 28S rDNA probe to identify pairs of homologous chromosomes. We found that asynapsis and irregular synapsis occur in triploid and hybrid males containing 2 different genomes and that this may cause the formation of sterile germ cells. These results will help us to understand hybrid sterility from the viewpoint of synapsis behavior.
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Hu F, Fan J, Qin Q, Huo Y, Wang Y, Wu C, Liu Q, Li W, Chen X, Liu C, Tao M, Wang S, Zhao R, Luo K, Liu S. The Sterility of Allotriploid Fish and Fertility of Female Autotriploid Fish. Front Genet 2019; 10:377. [PMID: 31105746 PMCID: PMC6498098 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the formation of an autotetraploid fish line (4nAUT, 4n = 200; F2-F11) derived from the distant hybridization of female Carassius auratus red var. (RCC, 2n = 100) × male Megalobrama amblycephala (BSB, 2n = 48), we produced autotriploid hybrids (3nAUT) by crossing females of RCC with males of 4nAUT and allotriploid hybrids (3nALT) by crossing females of Cyprinus carpio (CC, 2n = 100) with males of 4nAUT. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the reproductive characteristics of 3nALT and 3nAUT. We investigated morphological traits, chromosomal numbers, DNA content and gonadal development in 3nAUT and 3nALT. The results indicated both 3nAUT and 3nALT possessed 150 chromosomes and were triploid hybrids. The females and males of 3nALT and males of 3nAUT had abnormal gonadal development and could not generate mature eggs or sperm, but the females of 3nAUT had normal gonadal development and generated mature eggs at 2 years old. The females of 3nAUT generated different sizes of eggs, which fertilized with haploid sperm from RCC and formed viable diploid, triploid, and tetraploid offspring. The formation of these two kinds of triploid hybrids provides an ideal model for studying the reproductive traits of triploid hybrids, which is of great value in animal genetics and reproductive biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Kuroda M, Fujimoto T, Murakami M, Yamaha E, Arai K. Clonal reproduction assured by sister chromosome pairing in dojo loach, a teleost fish. Chromosome Res 2018; 26:243-253. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-018-9581-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Liu XL, Li XY, Jiang FF, Wang ZW, Li Z, Zhang XJ, Zhou L, Gui JF. Numerous mitochondrial DNA haplotypes reveal multiple independent polyploidy origins of hexaploids in Carassius species complex. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10604-10615. [PMID: 29299242 PMCID: PMC5743492 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary trajectory and occurrence history of polyploidy have been extensively studied in plants, but they remain quite elusive in vertebrates. Here, we sampled and gathered 4,159 specimens of polyploid Carassius species complex including 1,336 tetraploids and 2,823 hexaploids from a large geographic scale (49 localities) across East Asia, and identified a huge number of 427 diverse haplotypes of mitochondrial control region, in which 74 haplotypes with total occurrence frequency up to 75.498% were shared by hexaploids and tetraploids. Significantly, these diverse haplotypes were clustered into four major lineages, and many haplotypes of hexaploids and tetraploids were intermixed in every lineage. Moreover, the evolutionary trajectory and occurrence history of four different lineages were revealed by a simplified time-calibrated phylogenetic tree, and their geographic distribution frequencies and haplotype diversity were also analyzed. Furthermore, lineage C and D were revealed to undergo population expansion throughout mainland China. Therefore, our current data indicate that hexaploids should undergo multiple independent polyploidy origins from sympatric tetraploids in the polyploid Carassius species complex across East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Xi-Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Fang-Fang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Zhong-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
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Juchno D, Pecio A, Boroń A, Leska A, Jablonska O, Cejko BI, Kowalski RK, Judycka S, Przybylski M. Evidence of the sterility of allotetraploidCobitisloaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae) using testes ultrastructure. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2017; 327:66-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Juchno
- Department of Zoology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Poland
| | - Anna Pecio
- Department of Comparative Anatomy; Institute of Zoology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - Alicja Boroń
- Department of Zoology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Poland
| | - Anna Leska
- Department of Zoology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Poland
| | - Olga Jablonska
- Department of Zoology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Poland
| | - Beata Irena Cejko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn Poland
| | - Radosław Kajetan Kowalski
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn Poland
| | - Sylwia Judycka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn Poland
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Huang S, Cao X, Tian X. Transcriptomic Analysis of Compromise Between Air-Breathing and Nutrient Uptake of Posterior Intestine in Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), an Air-Breathing Fish. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 18:521-533. [PMID: 27457889 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-016-9713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dojo loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) is an air-breathing fish species by using its posterior intestine to breathe on water surface. So far, the molecular mechanism about accessory air-breathing in fish is seldom addressed. Five cDNA libraries were constructed here for loach posterior intestines form T01 (the initial stage group), T02 (mid-stage of normal group), T03 (end stage of normal group), T04 (mid-stage of air-breathing inhibited group), and T05 (the end stage of air-breathing inhibited group) and subjected to perform RNA-seq to compare their transcriptomic profilings. A total of 92,962 unigenes were assembled, while 37,905 (40.77 %) unigenes were successfully annotated. 2298, 1091, and 3275 differentially expressed genes (fn1, ACE, EGFR, Pxdn, SDF, HIF, VEGF, SLC2A1, SLC5A8 etc.) were observed in T04/T02, T05/T03, and T05/T04, respectively. Expression levels of many genes associated with air-breathing and nutrient uptake varied significantly between normal and intestinal air-breathing inhibited group. Intraepithelial capillaries in posterior intestines of loaches from T05 were broken, while red blood cells were enriched at the surface of intestinal epithelial lining with 241 ± 39 cells per millimeter. There were periodic acid-schiff (PAS)-positive epithelial mucous cells in posterior intestines from both normal and air-breathing inhibited groups. Results obtained here suggested an overlap of air-breathing and nutrient uptake function of posterior intestine in loach. Intestinal air-breathing inhibition in loach would influence the posterior intestine's nutrient uptake ability and endothelial capillary structure stability. This study will contribute to our understanding on the molecular regulatory mechanisms of intestinal air-breathing in loach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqian Huang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 437000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Cao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 437000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianchang Tian
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 437000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Huang S, Cao X, Tian X, Luo W, Wang W. Production of Tetraploid Gynogenetic Loach Using Diploid Eggs of Natural Tetraploid Loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Fertilized with UV-Irradiated Sperm of Megalobrama amblycephala without Treatments for Chromosome Doubling. Cytogenet Genome Res 2016; 147:260-7. [PMID: 26966904 DOI: 10.1159/000444384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The gynogenesis phenomenon in nature mainly appears in the reproduction of fish and invertebrates. So far, gynogenesis has been successfully induced in many fish species with the aid of some physical or chemical methods for chromosome doubling. However, few fish can produce gynogenetic progenies, genetically identical or similar to the somatic cells of the mothers, without a treatment for the doubling of chromosomes, which may be related to apomixis, premeiotic endoreduplication, or premeiotic endomitosis. At present, no studies are available about fish with normal ovarian structures producing gynogenetic progenies that could spontaneously double their chromosomes. According to the analyses of flow cytometry, chromosome number, and microsatellites, we found that, with the use of UV-irradiated sperm of blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala, tetraploid loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus produced tetraploid gynogenetic progenies without any treatments for the doubling of chromosomes. To determine the genetic relationships of gynogenetic progenies and their maternal parent, microsatellite genotyping was conducted. The results indicated that the reason for spontaneous chromosome duplication in gynogenetic progenies may be cytokinesis or inhibition of the extrusion of the second polar body. This is the first report on fish with normal ovarian structures that can produce gynogenetic progenies which spontaneously double their chromosomes and which are genetically identical or similar to the somatic cells of the mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqian Huang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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Havelka M, Bytyutskyy D, Symonová R, Ráb P, Flajšhans M. The second highest chromosome count among vertebrates is observed in cultured sturgeon and is associated with genome plasticity. Genet Sel Evol 2016; 48:12. [PMID: 26867760 PMCID: PMC4751722 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-016-0194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the five basal actinopterygian lineages, the Chondrostei, including sturgeon, shovelnose, and paddlefish (Order Acipenseriformes) show extraordinary ploidy diversity associated with three rounds of lineage-specific whole-genome duplication, resulting in three levels of ploidy in sturgeon. Recently, incidence of spontaneous polyploidization has been reported among cultured sturgeon and it could have serious negative implications for the economics of sturgeon farming. We report the occurrence of seven spontaneous heptaploid (7n) Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii, which is a functional tetraploid species (4n) with ~245 chromosomes. Our aims were to assess ploidy level and chromosome number of the analysed specimens and to identify the possible mechanism that underlies the occurrence of spontaneous additional chromosome sets in their genome. RESULTS Among 150 specimens resulting from the mating of a tetraploid (4n) A. baerii (~245 chromosomes) dam with a hexaploid (6n) A. baerii (~368 chromosomes) sire, 143 displayed a relative DNA content that corresponds to pentaploidy (5n) with an absolute DNA content of 8.98 ± 0.03 pg DNA per nucleus and nuclear area of 35.3 ± 4.3 μm(2) and seven specimens exhibited a relative DNA content that corresponds to heptaploidy (7n), with an absolute DNA content of 15.02 ± 0.04 pg DNA per nucleus and nuclear area of 48.4 ± 5.1 μm(2). Chromosome analyses confirmed a modal number of ~437 chromosomes in these heptaploid (7n) individuals. DNA genotyping of eight microsatellite loci followed by parental assignment confirmed spontaneous duplication of the maternal chromosome sets via retention of the second polar body in meiosis II as the mechanism for the formation of this unusual chromosome number and ploidy level in a functional tetraploid A. baerii. CONCLUSIONS We report the second highest chromosome count among vertebrates in cultured sturgeon (~437) after the schizothoracine cyprinid Ptychobarbus dipogon with ~446 chromosomes. The finding also represents the highest documented chromosome count in Acipenseriformes, and the first report of a functional heptaploid (7n) genome composition in sturgeon. To our knowledge, this study provides the first clear evidence of a maternal origin for spontaneous polyploidization in cultured A. baerii. To date, all available data indicate that spontaneous polyploidization occurs frequently among cultured sturgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Havelka
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Dmytro Bytyutskyy
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Symonová
- Research Institute for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondseestraße 9, 5310, Mondsee, Austria.
| | - Petr Ráb
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 277 21, Liběchov, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Flajšhans
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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Yamada A, Kodo Y, Murakami M, Kuroda M, Aoki T, Fujimoto T, Arai K. Hybrid origin of gynogenetic clones and the introgression of their mitochondrial genome into sexual diploids through meiotic hybridogenesis in the loach,Misgurnus anguillicuadatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 323:593-606. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yamada
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kodo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Azabu University; Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Azabu University; Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Masamichi Kuroda
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Takao Aoki
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Takafumi Fujimoto
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Arai
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
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Li YJ, Gao YC, Zhou H, Ma HY, Li JQ, Arai K. Meiotic chromosome configurations in triploid progeny from reciprocal crosses between wild-type diploid and natural tetraploid loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in China. Genetica 2015; 143:555-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-015-9853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhang J, Sun M, Zhou L, Li Z, Liu Z, Li XY, Liu XL, Liu W, Gui JF. Meiosis completion and various sperm responses lead to unisexual and sexual reproduction modes in one clone of polyploid Carassius gibelio. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10898. [PMID: 26042995 PMCID: PMC4455247 DOI: 10.1038/srep10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Unisexual polyploid vertebrates are commonly known to reproduce by gynogenesis, parthenogenesis, or hybridogenesis. One clone of polyploid Carassius gibelio has been revealed to possess multiple modes of unisexual gynogenesis and sexual reproduction, but the cytological and developmental mechanisms have remained unknown. In this study, normal meiosis completion was firstly confirmed by spindle co-localization of β-tubulin and Spindlin. Moreover, three types of various nuclear events and development behaviors were revealed by DAPI staining and BrdU-incorporated immunofluorescence detection during the first mitosis in the fertilized eggs by three kinds of different sperms. They include normal sexual reproduction in response to sperm from the same clone male, typical unisexual gynogenesis in response to sperm from the male of another species Cyprinus carpio, and an unusual hybrid-similar development mode in response to sperm from another different clone male. Based on these findings, we have discussed cytological and developmental mechanisms on multiple reproduction modes in the polyploid fish, and highlighted evolutionary significance of meiosis completion and evolutionary consequences of reproduction mode diversity in polyploid vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xi-Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Juchno D, Jabłońska O, Boroń A, Kujawa R, Leska A, Grabowska A, Nynca A, Swigońska S, Król M, Spóz A, Laskowska N, Lao M. Ploidy-dependent survival of progeny arising from crosses between natural allotriploid Cobitis females and diploid C. taenia males (Pisces, Cobitidae). Genetica 2014; 142:351-9. [PMID: 25055887 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-014-9779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Crosses between 21 triploid hybrid Cobitis females and 19 C. taenia (2n = 48) males led to viable progeny; whereas no embryonic development was observed in crosses with tetraploid males (4n = 98). The ploidy status of 491 progenies randomly selected with flow cytometry (316) or chromosome analysis (175) revealed an average of 55.2 % triploids and 44.8 % tetraploids, but the ratio of 3n versus 4n fish did change during development. In the first 2 days after hatching, approximately 65.1 % of tetraploid larvae were observed. Their number decreased significantly to 30.8 and 6.2 % on average during 2-5 and 10-15 months of life, respectively. The karyotype of tetraploid progeny (4n = 98) included 3n = 74 chromosomes of the parental female and n = 24 of C. taenia male. The number of tetraploid progeny indicated indirectly that about 66 % of eggs from 3n females were fertilized with C. taenia. The rest of the eggs developed clonally via gynogenesis or hemiclonally via hybridogenesis into triploids of the same karyotype structure as parental females. We have documented for the first time that (at least under experimental conditions) tetraploids are commonly formed, but are less viable than triploids, and a ratio similar to what is found under natural conditions is finally attained. The current explanation concerning the ploidy and karyotype structure of the progeny confirms that the eggs of 3n Cobitis females are not only capable of maintaining all chromosomes but are also capable of incorporating the sperm genome, thus creating the potential to produce tetraploids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Juchno
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego 5 St., 10-718, Olsztyn, Poland,
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Hashimoto DT, Senhorini JA, Foresti F, Martínez P, Porto-Foresti F. Genetic identification of F1 and post-F1 serrasalmid juvenile hybrids in Brazilian aquaculture. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89902. [PMID: 24594674 PMCID: PMC3940687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile fish trade monitoring is an important task on Brazilian fish farms. However, the identification of juvenile fish through morphological analysis is not feasible, particularly between interspecific hybrids and pure species individuals, making the monitoring of these individuals difficult. Hybrids can be erroneously identified as pure species in breeding facilities, which might reduce production on farms and negatively affect native populations due to escapes or stocking practices. In the present study, we used a multi-approach analysis (molecular and cytogenetic markers) to identify juveniles of three serrasalmid species (Colossoma macropomum, Piaractus mesopotamicus and Piaractus brachypomus) and their hybrids in different stocks purchased from three seed producers in Brazil. The main findings of this study were the detection of intergenus backcrossing between the hybrid ♀ patinga (P. mesopotamicus×P. brachypomus)×♂ C. macropomum and the occurrence of one hybrid triploid individual. This atypical specimen might result from automixis, a mechanism that produces unreduced gametes in some organisms. Moreover, molecular identification indicated that hybrid individuals are traded as pure species or other types of interspecific hybrids, particularly post-F1 individuals. These results show that serrasalmid fish genomes exhibit high genetic heterogeneity, and multi-approach methods and regulators could improve the surveillance of the production and trade of fish species and their hybrids, thereby facilitating the sustainable development of fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Teruo Hashimoto
- Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - José Augusto Senhorini
- Centro de Pesquisa e Gestão de Recursos Pesqueiros Continentais, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (UNESP), Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulino Martínez
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Veterinaria, Lugo, Spain
| | - Fábio Porto-Foresti
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (UNESP), Campus de Bauru, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Saito T, Pšenička M, Fujimoto T, Arai K. Comparison of spermatozoa parameters, fine structures, and energy-related factors among tetraploid, hyper-tetraploid, and hyper-triploid loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 321:198-206. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Taiju Saito
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters; South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice; Vodňany Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pšenička
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters; South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice; Vodňany Czech Republic
| | - Takafumi Fujimoto
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Arai
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences; Hokkaido University; Hakodate Hokkaido Japan
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