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Binns CW, Lee MK, Lee AH. Problems and Prospects: Public Health Regulation of Dietary Supplements. Annu Rev Public Health 2018; 39:403-420. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-013638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin W. Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;,
| | - Mi Kyung Lee
- School of Health Professions, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | - Andy H. Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;,
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Kosek M, Guerrant RL, Kang G, Bhutta Z, Yori PP, Gratz J, Gottlieb M, Lang D, Lee G, Haque R, Mason CJ, Ahmed T, Lima A, Petri WA, Houpt E, Olortegui MP, Seidman JC, Mduma E, Samie A, Babji S. Assessment of environmental enteropathy in the MAL-ED cohort study: theoretical and analytic framework. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 59 Suppl 4:S239-47. [PMID: 25305293 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals in the developing world live in conditions of intense exposure to enteric pathogens due to suboptimal water and sanitation. These environmental conditions lead to alterations in intestinal structure, function, and local and systemic immune activation that are collectively referred to as environmental enteropathy (EE). This condition, although poorly defined, is likely to be exacerbated by undernutrition as well as being responsible for permanent growth deficits acquired in early childhood, vaccine failure, and loss of human potential. This article addresses the underlying theoretical and analytical frameworks informing the methodology proposed by the Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) cohort study to define and quantify the burden of disease caused by EE within a multisite cohort. Additionally, we will discuss efforts to improve, standardize, and harmonize laboratory practices within the MAL-ED Network. These efforts will address current limitations in the understanding of EE and its burden on children in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Kosek
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru
| | | | | | - Zulfiqar Bhutta
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Pablo Peñataro Yori
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Jean Gratz
- Center for Global Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | - Dennis Lang
- Foundation of the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gwenyth Lee
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru
| | | | - Carl J Mason
- Walter Reed/Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Center for Vaccine Sciences, iccdr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aldo Lima
- Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - William A Petri
- Center for Global Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Eric Houpt
- Center for Global Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Maribel Paredes Olortegui
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Jessica C Seidman
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Amidou Samie
- University of Venda, Limpopo Province, South Africa
| | - Sudhir Babji
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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