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Ge Y, Liu Y, Zhan R, Zhao Z, Li J, Wang W, Tian Y. HOGA1 variants in Chinese patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 3: genetic features and genotype-phenotype relationships. World J Urol 2023; 41:2141-2148. [PMID: 37318624 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study is to describe the genetic features and correlation between the genotype and phenotype of Chinese patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3). METHODS The genetic and clinical data of PH3 patients in our cohort were collected and analyzed retrospectively. All published studies of Chinese PH3 populations between January 2010 and November 2022 were searched and enrolled based on inclusive standards. RESULTS A total of 60 Chinese PH3 patients (21 cases from our cohort and 39 cases from previous studies) were included. The mean age of onset was 1.62 ± 1.35 (range 0.4-7) years. A total of 29 different variants in the HOGA1 gene were found. The mutations were most commonly clustered in exons 1, 6, and 7. Among the genotypes, exon 6 skipping (c.834G > A and c.834_834 + 1GG > TT mutations) was the most common, followed by c.769 T > G; the allele frequencies (AFs) were 48.76% and 12.40%, respectively. Patients homozygous for exon 6 skipping exhibited a median age of onset of 0.67 (0.58-1) years, which was significantly lower than that observed among heterozygotes and nonexon 6 skipping patients (p = 0.021). A total of 22.5% (9/40) of PH3 patients had a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate, and one patient with homozygous exon 6 skipping developed end-stage renal disease. CONCLUSIONS A hotspot mutation, potential hotspot mutation and genotype-phenotype correlation were found in Chinese PH3 patients. This study expands the mutational spectrum and contributes to the understanding of genotypic profiles of PH3, which may provide a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruichao Zhan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 YongAn Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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2
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Xin Q, Dong Y, Guo W, Zhao X, Liu Z, Shi X, Lang Y, Shao L. Four novel variants identified in primary hyperoxaluria and genotypic and phenotypic analysis in 21 Chinese patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1124745. [PMID: 37139236 PMCID: PMC10150119 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1124745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of oxalate in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes due to allelic and clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to analyze the genotype of 21 Chinese patients with primary hyperoxaluria (PH) and explore their correlations between genotype and phenotype. Methods: Combined with clinical phenotypic and genetic analysis, we identified 21 PH patients from highly suspected Chinese patients. The clinical, biochemical, and genetic data of the 21 patients were subsequently reviewed. Results: We reported 21 cases of PH in China, including 12 cases of PH1, 3 cases of PH2 and 6 cases of PH3, and identified 2 novel variants (c.632T > G and c.823_824del) in AGXT gene and 2 novel variants (c.258_272del and c.866-34_866-8del) in GRHPR gene, respectively. A possible PH3 hotspot variant c.769T > G was identified for the first time. In addition, patients with PH1 showed higher levels of creatinine and lower eGFR than those with PH2 and PH3. In PH1, patients with severe variants in both alleles had significantly higher creatinine and lower eGFR than other patients. Delayed diagnosis still existed in some late-onset patients. Of all cases, 6 had reached to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) at diagnosis with systemic oxalosis. Five patients were on dialysis and three had undergone kidney or liver transplants. Notably, four patients showed a favorable therapeutic response to vitamin B6, and c.823_824dup and c.145A > C may be identified as potentially vitamin B6-sensitive genotypes. Conclusion: In brief, our study identified 4 novel variants and extended the variant spectrum of PH in the Chinese population. The clinical phenotype was characterized by large heterogeneity, which may be determined by genotype and a variety of other factors. We first reported two variants that may be sensitive to vitamin B6 therapy in Chinese population, providing valuable references for clinical treatment. In addition, early screening and prognosis of PH should be given more attention. We propose to establish a large-scale registration system for rare genetic diseases in China and call for more attention on rare kidney genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xin
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yameng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wencong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangzhong Zhao
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanhua Lang
- Department of Nursing, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhua Lang, ; Leping Shao,
| | - Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhua Lang, ; Leping Shao,
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Abid A, Raza A, Aziz T, Khaliq S. HOGA1 gene pathogenic variants in primary hyperoxaluria type III: Spectrum of pathogenic sequence variants, and phenotypic association. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1757-1779. [PMID: 36259736 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary hyperoxalurias (PH) are a group of rare heterogeneous disorders characterized by deficiencies in glyoxylate metabolism. To date, three genes have been identified to cause three types of PH (I, II, and III). The HOGA1 gene caused type III in around 10% of the PH cases. Disease-associated pathogenic variants have been reported from several populations and a comprehensive spectrum of these mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation has never been presented. In this study, we describe new cases of the HOGA1 gene pathogenic variants identified in our population. We report the first case of ESKD with successful kidney transplantation with 5 years of follow-up. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of PH type III associated HOGA1 gene variants was carried out. Compiling the data from the literature, we reviewed 57 distinct HOGA1 gene pathogenic variants in 175 patients worldwide. The majority of reported variants are missense variants that predicted a loss of function mechanism as the underlying pathology. There has been evidence of the presence of founder mutations in several populations like Europeans, Ashkenazi Jews, Arab, and Chinese populations. No significant genotype-phenotype correlation was identified concerning the ages of onset of the disease and biochemical and metabolic parameters. Nephrocalcinosis was rare in patients with disease-associated variants. Most of the patients were presented with urolithiasis early in life; only five cases reported disease progression after the second decade of life. The establishment of impairment of renal function in 8% of all the reported cases makes this type a relatively severe form of primary hyperoxaluria, not a benign etiology as suggested previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiysha Abid
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Aziz
- Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Khaliq
- Centre for Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Human Genetics & Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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4
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Miller DE, Lee L, Galey M, Kandhaya-Pillai R, Tischkowitz M, Amalnath D, Vithlani A, Yokote K, Kato H, Maezawa Y, Takada-Watanabe A, Takemoto M, Martin GM, Eichler EE, Hisama FM, Oshima J. Targeted long-read sequencing identifies missing pathogenic variants in unsolved Werner syndrome cases. J Med Genet 2022; 59:jmedgenet-2022-108485. [PMID: 35534204 PMCID: PMC9613861 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2022-108485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Werner syndrome (WS) is an autosomal recessive progeroid syndrome caused by variants in WRN. The International Registry of Werner Syndrome has identified biallelic pathogenic variants in 179/188 cases of classical WS. In the remaining nine cases, only one heterozygous pathogenic variant has been identified. METHODS Targeted long-read sequencing (T-LRS) on an Oxford Nanopore platform was used to search for a second pathogenic variant in WRN. Previously, T-LRS was successfully used to identify missing variants and analyse complex rearrangements. RESULTS We identified a second pathogenic variant in eight of nine unsolved WS cases. In five cases, T-LRS identified intronic splice variants that were confirmed by either RT-PCR or exon trapping to affect splicing; in one case, T-LRS identified a 339 kbp deletion, and in two cases, pathogenic missense variants. Phasing of long reads predicted all newly identified variants were on a different haplotype than the previously known variant. Finally, in one case, RT-PCR previously identified skipping of exon 20; however, T-LRS did not detect a pathogenic DNA sequence variant. CONCLUSION T-LRS is an effective method for identifying missing pathogenic variants. Although limitations with computational prediction algorithms can hinder the interpretation of variants, T-LRS is particularly effective in identifying intronic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny E Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Miranda Galey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Renuka Kandhaya-Pillai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Deepak Amalnath
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Avadh Vithlani
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kato
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aki Takada-Watanabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fuki M Hisama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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5
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Extended genetic analysis of exome sequencing for primary hyperoxaluria in pediatric urolithiasis patients with hyperoxaluria. Gene 2022; 815:146155. [PMID: 34995728 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Next generation sequencing-based exome sequencing can be used to identify genetic abnormalities in patients believed to be suffering from primary hyperoxaluria. We outline our efforts to improve the diagnostic capacity of exome sequencing for these patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of exome sequencing data from 77 pediatric urolithiasis patients with hyperoxaluria of unknown origin. Canonical exome sequencing analysis was performed to identify pathogenic variants in three known primary hyperoxaluria-related genes (AGXT, GRHPR, HOGA1) as per the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics. Then, extended exome sequencing analyses of 5'-untranslated region, non-canonical splicing site and copy number variant were performed on patients with negative diagnostic results in these three genes. RESULTS Canonical exome sequencing analyses led to the diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria in 20/77 (26%) patients, including eight, four, and eight patients diagnosed with type 1, 2 and 3 primary hyperoxaluria, respectively. Non-canonical splicing site analyses discovered a pathogenic variant in the HOGA1 gene, which led to the diagnosis of six additional patients with type 3 primary hyperoxaluria, while copy number variant analyses from exome sequencing data identified a 1.8 kb copy number loss that impacted the AGXT gene, resulting in the diagnosis of an additional type 1 primary hyperoxaluria case. CONCLUSIONS Extended non-canonical splicing site and copy number variant analyses improve the diagnostic yield of canonical exome sequencing analysis for primary hyperoxaluria from 26% (20/77) to 35% (27/77) in 77 pediatric urolithiasis patients with hyperoxaluria.
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6
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Zhang JY, Zhao Q, Liu F, Li DY, Men L, Luo JY, Zhao L, Li XM, Gao XM, Yang YN. Genetic Variation of Migration Inhibitory Factor Gene rs2070766 Is Associated With Acute Coronary Syndromes in Chinese Population. Front Genet 2022; 12:750975. [PMID: 35046995 PMCID: PMC8762351 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.750975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene has been linked to coronary artery disease. We investigated an association between the polymorphism of MIF gene rs2070766 and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and the predictive value of MIF gene variation in clinical outcomes. This study involved in 963 ACS patients and 932 control subjects from a Chinese population. All participants were genotyped for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MIF gene rs2070766 using SNPscan™. A nomogram model using MIF genetic variation and clinical variables was established to predict risk of ACS. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were monitored during a follow-up period. The frequency of rs2070766 GG genotype was higher in ACS patients than in control subjects (6.2 vs 3.8%, p = 0.034). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with mutant GG genotype had a 1.7-fold higher risk of ACS compared with individuals with CC or CG genotypes. Using MIF rs2070766 genotypes and clinical factors, we developed a nomogram model to predict risk of ACS. The nomogram model had a good discrimination with an area under the curve of 0.781 (95% CI: 0.759-0.804), concordance index of 0.784 (95% CI: 0.762-0.806) and well-fitted calibration. During the follow-up period of 25 months, Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that ACS patients carrying GG phenotype developed more MACE compared to CC or CG carriers (p < 0.05). GG genotype of MIF gene rs2070766 was associated with a higher risk of ACS in a Chinese population. The GG genotype carriers in ACS patients had worse clinical outcomes compared with those carrying CC or CG genotype. Together with rs2070766 genetic variant of MIF gene, we established a novel nomogram model that can provide individualized prediction for ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Rehabilitation Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - De-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Men
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun-Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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7
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Martin-Higueras C, Garrelfs SF, Groothoff JW, Jacob DE, Moochhala SH, Bacchetta J, Acquaviva C, Zaniew M, Sikora P, Beck BB, Hoppe B. A report from the European Hyperoxaluria Consortium (OxalEurope) Registry on a large cohort of patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 3. Kidney Int 2021; 100:621-635. [PMID: 33865885 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Outcome data in primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3), described as a less severe form of the PH's with a low risk of chronic kidney disease, are scarce. To investigate this, we retrospectively analyzed the largest PH3 cohort reported so far. Of 95 patients, 74 were followed over a median of six years. Median age of first symptoms and diagnosis were 1.9 and 6.3 years, respectively. Urolithiasis was the major clinical feature observed in 70% of pediatric and 50% of adult patients. At most recent follow-up available for 56 of the 95 patients, 21.4% were in chronic kidney disease stages 2 or more. For better characterization, samples from 49 patients were analyzed in a single laboratory and compared to data from patients with PH1 and PH2 from the same center. Urinary oxalate excretion was not significantly different from PH1 and PH2 (median: 1.37, 1.40 and 1.16 mmol/1.73m2/24hours for PH1 not responsive to vitamin B6, PH2, and PH3, respectively) but was significantly higher than in vitamin B6 responsive patients with PH1. Urinary oxalate excretion did not correlate to stone production rate nor to estimated glomerular filtration rate. Normocitraturia was present even without alkalinisation treatment; hypercalciuria was found rarely. Median plasma oxalate was significantly different only to the vitamin B6-unresponsive PH1 group. Thus, PH3 is more comparable to PH1 and PH2 than so far inferred from smaller studies. It is the most favorable PH type, but not a benign entity as it constitutes an early onset, recurrent stone disease, and kidney function can be impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martin-Higueras
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Centre for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sander F Garrelfs
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap W Groothoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorrit E Jacob
- Research School of Earth Sciences, ANU College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Shabbir H Moochhala
- University College London, Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justine Bacchetta
- Center of Reference for Rare Renal Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Cecile Acquaviva
- Center of Reference for Rare Renal Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Marcin Zaniew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Przymyslaw Sikora
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Bodo B Beck
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Outpatient Clinics, German Hyperoxaluria Center, Cologne/Bonn, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoppe
- Outpatient Clinics, German Hyperoxaluria Center, Cologne/Bonn, Germany.
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8
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Regulation of human 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase by pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate: implications for primary hyperoxaluria type-3. Biochem J 2020; 476:3369-3383. [PMID: 31696211 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1) is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a gatekeeper role in hydroxyproline metabolism. Its loss of function in humans causes primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3), a rare condition characterised by excessive production of oxalate. In this study, we investigated the significance of the associated oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity which is also catalysed by HOGA1. Kinetic studies using the recombinant human enzyme (hHOGA1) and active site mutants showed both these dual activities utilise the same catalytic machinery with micromolar substrate affinities suggesting that both are operative in vivo. Biophysical and structural studies showed that pyruvate was a competitive inhibitor with an inhibition constant in the micromolar range. By comparison α-ketoglutarate was a weak inhibitor with an inhibition constant in the millimolar range and could only be isolated as an adduct with the active site Lys196 in the presence of sodium borohydride. These studies suggest that pyruvate inhibits HOGA1 activity during gluconeogenesis. We also propose that loss of HOGA1 function could increase oxalate production in PH3 by decreasing pyruvate availability and metabolic flux through the Krebs cycle.
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9
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Fang X, He L, Xu G, Lin H, Xu M, Geng H. Nine novel HOGA1 gene mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type 3 and distinct clinical and biochemical characteristics in Chinese children. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1785-1790. [PMID: 31123811 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3) is characterized by mutations in the 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1) gene. PH3 patients are thought to present with a less severe phenotype than PH1 and PH2 patients. However, the clinical characteristics of PH3 patients have yet to be defined in sufficient detail. The aims of this study were to report HOGA1 mutations of PH3 in Chinese children, and to analyze the genotype and clinical characteristics of these PH3 patients. METHODS Genetic analysis (targeted gene panel-based and/or whole-exome sequencing) of HOGA1 was performed in 52 patients with a high suspicion of PH3, and DNA was obtained from the patient and both the parents. The clinical, biochemical, and genetic data of these 12 patients identified with HOGA1 mutations were subsequently retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS These 12 patients were identified with HOGA1 mutation. The median onset of clinical symptoms was 18.25 (range 5-38) months. In total, 14 different mutations were identified including 9 novel mutations in these 12 patients with PH3. All of these 12 patients initially presented with urolithiasis, and 3 patients among them comorbid urinary tract infection (UTI) as another initial symptom. Ten patients experienced hyperoxaluria (average oxalate 0.77 mmol/1.73 m2/24h). In contrast, urine calcium excretion was normal in 8 patients and 2 patients with hypercalciuria (urine calcium > 4 mg/kg/24 h). At the time of diagnosis, estimated GFR was 155.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and at last follow-up time (17.3 months later from diagnosis on average), estimated GFR was 157.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2. To date, none of the patients has impaired renal function based on and progressed to ESRD. CONCLUSIONS We found that PH3 was significantly diagnosed in our urolithiasis patients during childhood. Nine novel HOGA1 mutations were identified in association with PH3, which provide a first-line investigation in Chinese PH3 patients. The eGFR was normal in all children with PH3. This finding is in contrast to the early impairment of renal function in PH1 and PH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Fang
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guofeng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Houwei Lin
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongquan Geng
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Children's Stone Treatment Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, 1665 KongJiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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10
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Han Y, Zhao X, Wang S, Wang C, Tian D, Lang Y, Bottillo I, Wang X, Shao L. Eleven novel SLC12A1 variants and an exonic mutation cause exon skipping in Bartter syndrome type I. Endocrine 2019; 64:708-718. [PMID: 30790175 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bartter syndrome type I (BS1) has been rarely reported in large groups. On the other hand, the phenomenon of exon skipping, in which exonic mutations result in abnormal splicing, has been reported to be associated with various diseases. Specifically, mutations that result in the disruption of exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs) and/or the creation of exonic splicing silencers (ESSs) can promote exon skipping. However, the aberrant exon skipping caused by an exonic variant in such splicing regulatory elements (SREs) sequences has never been reported in the causal gene of SLC12A1 in BS1. METHODS We analyze the variants in nine Chinese families with BS1, including eight with antenatal BS (aBS) and one presenting as classical BS (cBS), by next-generation sequencing. Then we used bioinformatics programs to analyze all these variants found in this study and identify candidate mutations that may induce exon skipping. Furthermore, the effects of identified variants were classified according to the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) standards and guidelines. RESULTS Fifteen different variants of SLC12A1 gene were identified, including 11 novel ones. Two of the nine probands were homozygotes, the rest seven ones were compound heterozygotes. One candidate variant (c.1435C>G), not only significantly reduced ESEs scores but also markedly increased ESSs scores, were further investigated by mini-gene splicing assay, and found this single-nucleotide substitution causes abnormal splicing in vitro (exclusion of exon 11). Finally, among 15 variants, 9, 3, and 3 were classified as "pathogenic variants", "likely pathogenic variants", "variants with uncertain significance", respectively. CONCLUSION These data would enrich the human gene mutation database (HGMD) and would provide valuable references to the genetic counseling and diagnosis of BS1 for Chinese population. Additionally, our results suggest that aberrant exon skipping is one previously unrecognized mechanism by which an exonic variant in SLC12A1 can lead to BS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, 266071, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangzhong Zhao
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, 266071, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, 266071, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Tian
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Lang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Irene Bottillo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, 266071, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266003, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wang C, Zhou W, Huang Y, Yin H, Jin Y, Jia Z, Zhang A, Liu Z, Zheng B. Presumed missense and synonymous mutations in ATP7B gene cause exon skipping in Wilson disease. Liver Int 2018; 38:1504-1513. [PMID: 29637721 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Wilson disease is an inborn error of metabolism caused by abnormalities of the copper-transporting protein-encoding gene ATP7B. Recently, the phenomenon of exon skipping, in which exonic mutations result in abnormal splicing, has been associated with various diseases. The present study investigated the splicing defects of the ATP7B exonic variants identified in a cohort of 44 patients with Wilson disease. METHOD All patients were analysed for ATP7B gene by direct sequencing or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis. To identify the potential pathogenicity of the candidate mutations that may induce exon skipping, both in vivo RT-PCR analysis using RNA from peripheral leukocytes and in vitro functional splicing by minigene construction were conducted. RESULTS The patterns of inheritance of the mutations in ATP7B identified in 44 patients exhibited homozygotes (7 patients), compound heterozygotes (32 patients) and heterozygotes (5 patients). In all patients, we detected 25 different ATP7B mutations, including 17 missenses, 1 frameshift, 3 nonsenses, 2 exonic deletions and 2 splicing alteration. In these mutations, 4 mutations have not been previously described in the literature or entered in human genome mutation database. Furthermore, we identified synonymous mutation c.4014T>A and missense mutation R919G caused exon skipping in the ATP7B mRNA transcript. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that aberrant exon skipping associated to putative splicing enhancer disruption and silencer creation is one previously unrecognized mechanism in Wilson disease. What is more, the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay for the detection of exon deletions may be valuable in individuals with clinical Wilson disease diagnosis where one or no mutation has been identified by sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanjun Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bixia Zheng
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Shao L, Cui L, Lu J, Lang Y, Bottillo I, Zhao X. A novel mutation in exon 9 of Cullin 3 gene contributes to aberrant splicing in pseudohypoaldosteronism type II. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:461-469. [PMID: 29511623 PMCID: PMC5832971 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII) is a rare renal tubular disease that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Mutations in four genes (WNK1,WNK4,CUL3, and KLHL3) have been identified to be responsible for this disease. Cullin 3 (CUL3) and KLHL3 are subunits of Cullin–RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, and the serine–threonine kinases WNK1 and WNK4 are substrates of this ubiquitin ligase. For CUL3, all mutations associated with PHAII exclusively lead to exon 9 skipping. In this study, we identified a Chinese PHAII kindred caused by a novel synonymous mutation (c.1221A > G p.Glu407Glu) in CUL3, and explored its effects on exon 9 abnormal splicing through an in vitro splicing assay and study of the patients’ RNA. We obtained evidence that this synonymous mutation leads to complete exon 9 skipping, and in silico bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the CUL3 c.1221A > G mutation might decrease the ratio of exonic splicing enhancers and silencers. This is the first report of PHAII in Chinese patients with a novel CUL3 mutation. Our findings add a novel pathogenic splicing variant to the CUL3 mutational spectrum and provide reference for further research on mechanisms of splicing modulation and development of potential therapeutic reagents for PHAII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jingru Lu
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yanhua Lang
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Irene Bottillo
- Division of Medical Genetics Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy
| | - Xiangzhong Zhao
- Central Laboratory The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
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13
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Ylikallio E, Woldegebriel R, Tumiati M, Isohanni P, Ryan MM, Stark Z, Walsh M, Sawyer SL, Bell KM, Oshlack A, Lockhart PJ, Shcherbii M, Estrada-Cuzcano A, Atkinson D, Hartley T, Tetreault M, Cuppen I, van der Pol WL, Candayan A, Battaloglu E, Parman Y, van Gassen KLI, van den Boogaard MJH, Boycott KM, Kauppi L, Jordanova A, Lönnqvist T, Tyynismaa H. MCM3AP in recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy and mild intellectual disability. Brain 2017. [PMID: 28633435 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in mRNA export from the nucleus have been linked to various neurodegenerative disorders. We report mutations in the gene MCM3AP, encoding the germinal center associated nuclear protein (GANP), in nine affected individuals from five unrelated families. The variants were associated with severe childhood onset primarily axonal (four families) or demyelinating (one family) Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy. Mild to moderate intellectual disability was present in seven of nine affected individuals. The affected individuals were either compound heterozygous or homozygous for different MCM3AP variants, which were predicted to cause depletion of GANP or affect conserved amino acids with likely importance for its function. Accordingly, fibroblasts of affected individuals from one family demonstrated severe depletion of GANP. GANP has been described to function as an mRNA export factor, and to suppress TDP-43-mediated motor neuron degeneration in flies. Thus our results suggest defective mRNA export from nucleus as a potential pathogenic mechanism of axonal degeneration in these patients. The identification of MCM3AP variants in affected individuals from multiple centres establishes it as a disease gene for childhood-onset recessively inherited Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Ylikallio
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rosa Woldegebriel
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuela Tumiati
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Isohanni
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Monique M Ryan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Maie Walsh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah L Sawyer
- Department of Genetics and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Katrina M Bell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Alicia Oshlack
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Paul J Lockhart
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Bruce Lefroy Centre, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Mariia Shcherbii
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alejandro Estrada-Cuzcano
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Derek Atkinson
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Taila Hartley
- Department of Genetics and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Martine Tetreault
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada
| | - Inge Cuppen
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W Ludo van der Pol
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ayse Candayan
- Bogazici University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Battaloglu
- Bogazici University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yesim Parman
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Koen L I van Gassen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kym M Boycott
- Department of Genetics and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Liisa Kauppi
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Albena Jordanova
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Tuula Lönnqvist
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Grant Pearce F, Hudson AO, Loomes K, Dobson RCJ. Dihydrodipicolinate Synthase: Structure, Dynamics, Function, and Evolution. Subcell Biochem 2017; 83:271-289. [PMID: 28271480 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46503-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are usually comprised of multiple subunits and more often than not they are made up of identical subunits. In this review we examine lysine biosynthesis and focus on the enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase in terms of its structure, function and the evolution of its varied number of subunits (quaternary structure). Dihydrodipicolinate synthase is the first committed step in the biosynthesis of lysine, which occurs naturally in plants, bacteria, archaea and fungi, but is not synthesized in mammals. In bacteria, there have been four separate pathways identified from tetrahydrodipicolinate to meso-diaminopimelate, which is the immediate precursor to lysine. Dihydrodipicolinate synthases from many bacterial and plant species have been structurally characterised and the results show considerable variability with respect to their quaternary structure, hinting at their evolution. The oligomeric state of the enzyme plays a key role, both in catalysis and in the allosteric regulation of the enzyme by lysine. While most bacteria and plants have tetrameric enzymes, where the structure of the dimeric building blocks is conserved, the arrangement of the dimers differs. We also review a key development in the field, namely the discovery of a human dihydrodipicolinate synthase-like enzyme, now known as 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase . This discovery complicates the rationale underpinning drug development against bacterial dihydrodipicolinate synthases, since genetic errors in 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase cause the disease Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3 and therefore compounds that are geared towards the inhibition of bacterial dihydrodipicolinate synthase may be toxic to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grant Pearce
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - André O Hudson
- Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kerry Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences & Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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15
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Zhao X, Cui L, Lang Y, Liu T, Lu J, Wang C, Tuffery-Giraud S, Bottillo I, Wang X, Shao L. A recurrent deletion in the SLC5A2 gene including the intron 7 branch site responsible for familial renal glucosuria. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33920. [PMID: 27666404 PMCID: PMC5036194 DOI: 10.1038/srep33920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial renal glycosuria (FRG) is caused by mutations in the SLC5A2 gene, which codes for Na+-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT2). The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the mutations in 16 patients from 8 families with FRG. All coding regions, including intron-exon boundaries, were analyzed using PCR followed by direct sequence analysis. Six mutations in SLC5A2 gene were identified, including five missense mutations (c.393G > C, p.K131N; c.1003A > G, p.S335G; c.1343A > G, p.Q448R; c.1420G > C, p.A474P; c.1739G > A, p.G580D) and a 22-bp deletion in intron 7 (c.886(-10_-31)del) removing the putative branch point sequence. By the minigene studies using the pSPL3 plasmids, we confirmed that the deletion c.886(-10_-31)del acts as a splicing mutation. Furthermore, we found that this deletion causes exclusion of exon 8 in the SCL5A2 transcript in patients. The mutation c.886(-10_-31)del was present in 5 (62.5%) of 8 families, and accounts for about 37.5% of the total alleles (6/16). In conclusion, six mutations resulting in FRG were found, and the c.886(-10_-31)del may be the high frequency mutation that can be screened in FRG patients with uniallelic or negative SLC5A2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhong Zhao
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yanhua Lang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266555, China.,Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingru Lu
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266555, China.,Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266555, China.,Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Sylvie Tuffery-Giraud
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Diseases, EA7402, University of Montpellier, F-34000, France
| | - Irene Bottillo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Circ. Gianicolense, 87, Padiglione Morgagni 00152, Rome, Italy
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- Urology, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Leping Shao
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266555, China.,Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
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16
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Two novel AGXT mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type-1 and distinct morphological and structural difference in kidney stones. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33652. [PMID: 27644547 PMCID: PMC5028881 DOI: 10.1038/srep33652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disease characterized by excessive oxalate accumulation in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes because of allelic and clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to detect disease-associated genetic mutations in three PH1 patients in a Chinese family. All AGXT exons and 3 common polymorphisms which might synergistically interact with mutations, including P11L, I340 M and IVSI+74 bp were analyzed by direct sequencing in all family members. It demonstrated that in each of three patients, a previously reported nonsense mutation p.R333* was in cis with a novel missense mutation p.M49L in the minor allele characterized by the polymorphism of 74-bp duplication in intron 1, while the other novel missense mutation p.N72I was in trans with both p.R333* and P.M49L in the major allele. Kidney stones from two sibling patients were also observed though stereomicroscopic examination and scanning electron microscopy. Distinct morphological and inner-structure differences in calculi were noticed, suggesting clinical heterozygosity of PH1 to a certain extent. In brief, two novel missense mutations were identified probably in association with PH1, a finding which should provide an accurate tool for prenatal diagnosis, genetic counseling and screening for potential presymptomatic individuals.
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17
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M'dimegh S, Aquaviva-Bourdain C, Omezzine A, Souche G, M'barek I, Abidi K, Gargah T, Abroug S, Bouslama A. HOGA1 Gene Mutations of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3 in Tunisian Patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 31. [PMID: 27561601 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3) is due to mutations in the recently identified 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1) gene. PH3 might be the least severe form with a milder phenotype with good preservation of kidney function in most patients. The aim of this study was to report three PH3 cases carrying mutations in HOGA1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic analysis of HOGA1 was performed in patients with a high clinical suspicion of PH after sequencing of AGXT and GRHPR genes, which was negative. Also, a complete AGXT/GRHPR MLPA was performed in these patients in order to detect large deletions/insertions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Two different HOGA1 gene mutations were identified: the p.Pro190Leu in a homozygous state and the p.Gly287Val in two patients in homozygous and heterozygous carriers. The median age at onset of clinical symptoms was 3.93 years. Most of the patients had a positive family history for recurrent urolithiasis. The p.Pro190Leu mutation was reported with impaired renal function at follow-up; however, the p.Gly287Val was presented with normal renal function. All patients were presented with urolithiasis, but only one had a nephrocalcinosis. CONCLUSION This study expanded the number of PH3 patients from 63 to 66 cases. The p.Pro190Leu and the p.Gly287Val mutations found in this study can provide a first-line investigation in Tunisian PH1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoussen M'dimegh
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Cécile Aquaviva-Bourdain
- Laboratory of Inborn Metabolic Diseases, Centre de Biologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Bron Cedex, France
| | - Asma Omezzine
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Geneviéve Souche
- Laboratory of Inborn Metabolic Diseases, Centre de Biologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Bron Cedex, France
| | - Ibtihel M'barek
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Abidi
- Pediatric Department, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Gargah
- Pediatric Department, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Abroug
- Pediatric Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ali Bouslama
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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18
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MacDonald JR, Huang AD, Loomes KM. Cellular degradation of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase leads to absolute deficiency in primary hyperoxaluria type 3. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1467-76. [PMID: 27096395 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria type-3 is characterized by increased oxalate production caused by mutations in the HOGA1 gene encoding 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1). How the most commonly occurring mutations affect the cellular fates of the expressed HOGA1 mutants is still unknown. We show that two prevalent recombinant HOGA1 mutants are thermally unstable with evidence for chaperone-mediated degradation when expressed in E. coli. In stably transformed HEK-293 cells, protein expression of the Glu315 deletion mutant only becomes detectable during incubation with a 26S proteasome inhibitor. These findings suggest that failure of chaperone-assisted folding leads to targeted cellular degradation and an absolute absence of HOGA1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R MacDonald
- School of Biological Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amadeus D Huang
- School of Biological Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kerry M Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences, Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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