1
|
Kanda T, Sasaki-Tanaka R, Ishii K, Suzuki R, Inoue J, Tsuchiya A, Nakamoto S, Abe R, Fujiwara K, Yokosuka O, Li TC, Kunita S, Yotsuyanagi H, Okamoto H. Recent advances in hepatitis A virus research and clinical practice guidelines for hepatitis A virus infection in Japan. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:4-23. [PMID: 37906585 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, there was a hepatitis A outbreak in Japan, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is considered a sexually transmitted disease. In general, patients with hepatitis A should be given attention, and this disease should be prevented more than ever. The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) Hepatitis A and E viruses (HAV and HEV) Study Group has worked on the project to create "Recent Advances in Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Research and Clinical Practice Guidelines for HAV Infection in Japan". The group consists of expert hepatologists and virologists who gathered at virtual meeting on August 5, 2023. Data about the pathogenesis, infection routes, diagnosis, complications, several factors for the severities, vaccination, and current and future treatments for hepatitis A were discussed and debated for a draft version. The participants assessed the quality of cited studies. The finalized recommendations are presented in this review. The recent advances in HAV research and clinical practice for HAV infection in Japan, have been reviewed by the AMED HAV and HEV Study Group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reina Sasaki-Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Ishii
- Department of Quality Assurance and Radiological Protection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Suzuki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsunori Tsuchiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Abe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tian-Cheng Li
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kunita
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okamoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sulkowska E, Masny A, Kalińska A, Kopacz A, Kubicka-Russel D, Marek M, Parczewski M, Radłowski D, Jaroszewicz J, Trzcińska A, Łetowska M, Grabarczyk P. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA detection in Polish blood donors and likely transmissions through blood components during the 2017-2019 epidemic. Transfusion 2023; 63:349-359. [PMID: 36537152 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Poland, hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA screening was performed in plasma for fractionation usually immediately before shipment. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to study epidemiology, rate of transfusion transmitted HAV during epidemic (2017-2019), and viral characteristics of infected plasma donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS HAV RNA was tested in 1,866,590 donations from 1,210,423 donors using RT-PCR in mini pools of 96 (MP96) or TMA in MP16. Virological characteristics included RNA level (RL), antibody testing, and sequencing. RESULTS Twenty-one HAV infections were identified (1.13/100,000 donations; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.74-1.72) and (1.73/100,000 donors; 95% CI: 1.35-2.65). The Blood Transfusion Centers were also informed about three donors, who were hospitalized for hepatitis A soon after their blood donation. In addition, we identified a donor, who had reactive result for HAV after receiving HAV vaccination. He tested positive twice 10 days after receiving the first and the second dose. The highest RL was 16 million IU/ml, mean 1,706,905 IU/ml, and median 220 IU/ml. The longest detectable RL lasted for 113 days. HAV-infected donors were seronegative (36%) or IgM positive (64%). We followed up on 12 HAV contaminated blood components issued for transfusion. In two out of seven identified patients viral transmission was confirmed (28.6%). CONCLUSION Based on our results, we propose a 6 month deferral after HAV infection and 14 days post HAV vaccination. The infectivity rate was below 30%. The HAV RNA testing could be considered as an additional safeguard against HAV transmission at the time of increased incidence of HAV infections in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sulkowska
- Department of Virology, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Masny
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kalińska
- Department of Virology, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopacz
- Department of Virology, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kubicka-Russel
- Department of Virology, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Marek
- Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Kalisz, Poland
| | - Miłosz Parczewski
- Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Jaroszewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Silesian Medical University, Bytom, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Trzcińska
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Łetowska
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Department of Virology, Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mello VM, Bianchi LM, Sousa PSF, Tavares PS, Di Salvo DRG, Ginuino CF, Almeida NAA, Fernandes CAS, Mello FCA, Villar LM, Lewis-Ximenez LL, Lago BV. Increase in Hepatitis A Cases Linked to Imported Strains to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020303. [PMID: 35215897 PMCID: PMC8874517 DOI: 10.3390/v14020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological and molecular features associated with HAV transmission in adults in Rio de Janeiro during a period of increased registered cases of HAV (2017–2018). Socio-epidemiological data and serum samples from anti-HAV IgM+ individuals were obtained. HAV RNA was RT-PCR amplified and sequenced for further phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses. From fifty-two HAV IgM+ individuals, most were men (78.85%; p = 0.024), aged 20–30 years old (84.61%; p < 0.001), resided in the Rio de Janeiro north zone (31/52; 59.62%; p = 0.001), and are men who have sex with men (MSM) (57.69%; p = 0.002). Sexual practices were more frequent (96%) than others risk factors (food-borne (44%), water-borne (42.31%), and parenteral (34.62%)). Individuals who traveled to endemic regions had a 7.19-fold (1.93–36.04; p < 0.01) increased risk of HAV. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four distinct clades of subgenotype IA, three of them comprised sequences from European/Asian MSM outbreaks and one from Brazilian endemic strains. Bayesian Inference showed that the imported strains were introduced to Brazil during large mass sportive events. Sexual orientation and sexual practices may play a role in acquiring HAV infection. Public policies targeting key populations must be implemented to prevent further dissemination of HAV and other STIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M. Mello
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Lucas M. Bianchi
- Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Sergio F. Sousa
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Pedro S. Tavares
- Research Group on Territory and Politics, Geosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-916, Brazil;
| | - Daniel R. G. Di Salvo
- Cartography Laboratory, Geosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-916, Brazil;
| | - Cleber F. Ginuino
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Nathalia A. A. Almeida
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Carlos A. S. Fernandes
- Hepatitis Division, Rio de Janeiro Health State Secretariat, Rio de Janeiro 20211-110, Brazil;
| | - Francisco C. A. Mello
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Livia M. Villar
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Lia L. Lewis-Ximenez
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
| | - Barbara V. Lago
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.M.M.); (P.S.F.S.); (C.F.G.); (F.C.A.M.); (L.M.V.); (L.L.L.-X.)
- Institute of Technology in Immunobiologics–Bio-Manguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1799
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Immunoglobulin G Immunity to Hepatitis A Virus in Liver Transplant Candidates: A Serosurvey from Iran. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: Becoming infected with hepatitis A virus (HAV) is deadlier in patients with end-stage liver disease. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of chronic immunity to HAV in liver transplant (LT) candidates to determine whether HAV vaccination is necessary for them or not. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult LT candidates who were referred to the LT center of Shiraz, Iran. The patients were interviewed for filling the data collection forms. These forms consisted of demographic information, medical backgrounds, etiology of chronic liver disease, a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, laboratory findings, and abdominal sonography report. Furthermore, a 3-cc blood sample was obtained from each patient, and anti-HAV IgG was detected by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using standard Diapro kits. Univariable and multivariable data analyses were performed using SPSS version 20. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered the significant cutoff in regression analysis. Results: A total of 291 patients with a mean age of 47.73 ± 12.9 years were recruited in this study of whom, 197 (67.7%) patients were males, 237 (81.4%) were married, 229 (78.7%) were educated lower than 12 years, 250 (85.9%) were living in urban areas, and (221) 75.9% had access to sanitary water in their living area. anti-HAV IgG was detected in 269 (92.4%, 95% CI: 89.4 - 95.4%) patients. Multivariable analysis showed that lower knowledge of hepatitis A transmission routes (OR: 11.9, 95% CI: 1.39 - 101.8, P = 0.024), no waterpipe smoking (OR: 9.5, 95% CI: 1.6 - 55.5, P = 0.014), and older age (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1 - 1.24, P = 0.03) were the main predictors of HAV immunity, in sequence. Conclusions: Most LT candidates are HAV IgG positive, but due to the growing number of LT candidates and high mortality of HAV in non-immune cases, LT candidates should be checked for HAV IgG, especially younger or waterpipe smoking patients who are less immune. Also, all non-immune patients should be vaccinated against HAV, if possible.
Collapse
|
5
|
Gallian P, Barlet V, Mouna L, Gross S, Lecam S, Ricard C, Wind F, Pouchol E, Fabra C, Flan B, Visse C, Djoudi R, Couturier E, de Valk H, Tiberghien P, Roque-Afonso AM. Hepatitis A: an epidemiological survey in blood donors, France 2015 to 2017. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 23. [PMID: 29845926 PMCID: PMC6152213 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.21.1800237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Since mid-2016, hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreaks, involving predominantly men who have sex with men (MSM), have affected countries in Europe and overseas. In France, HAV screening of blood donations in 2017 revealed a HAV-RNA prevalence ca fivefold higher than during 2015-16 (4.42/106 vs 0.86/106; p = 0.0005). In 2017, despite a higher male-to-female ratio (5.5 vs 0.7) and the identification of MSM-associated outbreak strains, only one of 11 infected male donors self-reported being a MSM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gallian
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ - IRD 190 - Inserm 1207 - IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur et Corse, Marseille, France
| | - Valérie Barlet
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhône Alpes, Beynost, France
| | - Lina Mouna
- AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Virologie, CNR des Virus des hépatites à transmission entérique, INSERM U1993, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Gross
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Saint Denis-La Plaine Stade de France, France
| | - Sophie Lecam
- Etablissement Français du Sang Centre Pays de Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Ricard
- Etablissement Français du Sang Haut de France, Lille, France
| | - Françoise Wind
- Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Pouchol
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Saint Denis-La Plaine Stade de France, France
| | - Cécile Fabra
- Etablissement Français du Sang Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur et Corse, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Rachid Djoudi
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Saint Denis-La Plaine Stade de France, France
| | - Elisabeth Couturier
- Santé Publique France, French national public health agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Henriette de Valk
- Santé Publique France, French national public health agency, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Université de Franche-Comté, Inserm, Etablissement Français du Sang, UMR 1098, Besançon, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang, Saint Denis-La Plaine Stade de France, France
| | - Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso
- AP-HP, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Virologie, CNR des Virus des hépatites à transmission entérique, INSERM U1993, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Prevalence of Hepatitis A Among Blood Donors in Golestan Province in the Northeast of Iran. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.81609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
|
7
|
Bottino FDO, Gardinali NR, Salvador SBS, Figueiredo AS, Cysne LB, Francisco JS, de Oliveira JM, Machado MP, Pinto MA. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) experimentally and naturally infected with hepatitis E virus: The bone marrow as a possible new viral target. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205039. [PMID: 30278075 PMCID: PMC6168161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) transmission through infected blood and blood products has already been described. However, little is known about the bone marrow (BM) as source of HEV infection. Our study aimed to investigate the presence of HEV antigen (Ag) and histological changes in BM of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) experimentally and naturally infected with HEV. Four cynomolgus monkeys with acute, and two with chronic hepatitis E ─ after immunosuppressive therapy with tacrolimus ─ were compared with one colony-bred animal naturally infected. Both, natural and experimental infections were characterized by anti-HEV IgG seroconversion detected by ELISA, and viral RNA isolation confirmed by RT-qPCR and qualitative nested RT-PCR. BM biopsies were collected from all animals, submitted to histology and indirect immunofluorescence techniques and observed, respectively, by light and confocal microscopy. The HEV Ag-fluorescent-labeled cells were detected from BM biopsies obtained from three monkeys with acute and one with chronic hepatitis E, and also from the naturally infected monkey. In the experimentally infected animals with acute hepatitis, HEV Ag detection occurred at 160 days post-infection, even after viral clearance in serum, feces, and liver. Double-stranded RNA, a replicative marker, was detected in BM cells from both acute and chronically infected animals. Major histological findings included vacuolization in mononuclear and endosteal cells, an absence of organized inflammatory infiltrates, and also some fields suggesting displasic focal BM disease. These findings support the hypothesis of BM cells as secondary target sites of HEV persistence. Further experimental studies should be carried out to confirm the assumption of HEV transmission through BM transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Oliveira Bottino
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Noemi Rovaris Gardinali
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sarah Beatriz Salamene Salvador
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreza Soriano Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lynn Barwick Cysne
- Institute of Science and Technology of Biomodels, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pelajo Machado
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves Pinto
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gravemann U, Handke W, Lambrecht B, Schmidt JP, Müller TH, Seltsam A. Ultraviolet C light efficiently inactivates nonenveloped hepatitis A virus and feline calicivirus in platelet concentrates. Transfusion 2018; 58:2669-2674. [PMID: 30267410 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonenveloped transfusion-transmissible viruses such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are resistant to many of the common virus inactivation procedures for blood products. This study investigated the pathogen inactivation (PI) efficacy of the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets system against two nonenveloped viruses: HAV and feline calicivirus (FCV), in platelet concentrates (PCs). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PCs in additive solution were spiked with high titers of cell culture-derived HAV and FCV, and treated with ultraviolet C at various doses. Pre- and posttreatment samples were taken and the level of viral infectivity determined at each dose. For some samples, large-volume plating was performed to improve the detection limit of the virus assay. RESULTS THERAFLEX UV-Platelets reduced HAV titers in PCs to the limit of detection, resulting in a virus reduction factor of greater than 4.2 log steps, and reduced FCV infectivity in PCs by 3.0 ± 0.2 log steps. CONCLUSIONS THERAFLEX UV-Platelets effectively inactivates HAV and FCV in platelet units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Gravemann
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Springe, Germany
| | - Wiebke Handke
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Springe, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Axel Seltsam
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Springe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vestergaard HT, Harritshøj LH, Midgley SE, Ullum H, Kampmann P. Transfusion transmission of hepatitis A virus with fecal shedding in a previously hepatitis A vaccinated recipient. J Infect Chemother 2018; 24:766-768. [PMID: 29490881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a rare case of hepatitis A virus (HAV) replication in feces despite presence of hepatitis A antibodies in an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient after transfusion with HAV contaminated platelets. The patient has been vaccinated against HAV years before the AML diagnosis. Transient infection and reshedding should thus be considered in antibody-positive hematological patients. Transfusion associated HAV transmission is rare, and little evidence exists on the clinical consequences and possible effect of treatment with immunoglobulin. Further reporting on fecal shedding despite antibodies are needed, as HAV antibody levels are used as course of action for post-exposure prophylaxis and infection control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lene Holm Harritshøj
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Kampmann
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|