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Daneshi N, Bahmaie N, Esmaeilzadeh A. Cell-Free Treatments: A New Generation of Targeted Therapies for Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:353-363. [PMID: 36043403 PMCID: PMC9428475 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although recent progress in medicine has substantially reduced cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-related mortalities, current therapeutics have failed miserably to be beneficial for all patients with CVDs. A wide array of evidence suggests that newly-introduced cell-free treatments (CFTs) have more reliable results in the improvement of cardiac function. The main regeneration activity of CFTs protocols is based on bypassing cells and using paracrine factors. In this article, we aim to compare various stem cell secretomes, a part of a CFTs strategy, to generalize their effective clinical outcomes for patients with CVDs. Data for this review article were collected from 70 published articles (original, review, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and case reports/series studies done on human and animals) obtained from Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, and Google Scholar) from 2015 to April 2020 using six keywords. Full-text/full-length articles, abstract, section of book, chapter, and conference papers in English language were included. Studies with irrelevant/insufficient/data, or undefined practical methods were excluded. CFTs approaches involved in growth factors (GFs); gene-based therapies; microRNAs (miRNAs); extracellular vesicles (EVs) [exosomes (EXs) and microvesicles (MVs)]; and conditioned media (CM). EXs and CM have shown more remarkable results than stem cell therapy (SCT). GF-based therapies have useful results as well as side effects like pathologic angiogenesis. Cell source, cell's aging and CM affect secretomes. Genetic manipulation of stem cells can change the secretome's components. Growing progression to end stage heart failure (HF), propounds CFTs as an advantageous method with practical and clinical values for replacement of injured myocardium, and induction of neovascularization. To elucidate the secrets behind amplifying the expansion rate of cells, increasing life-expectancy, and improving quality of life (QOL) for patients with ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), collaboration among cell biologist, basic medical scientists, and cardiologists is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Daneshi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nazila Bahmaie
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science, Near East University, Nicosia,
Northern Cyprus, Cyprus,Private Baskent Hospital, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Cyprus,Pediatric Ward, Department of Allergy and Immunology, Near East University Affiliated Hospital, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Cyprus,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Centre, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,Immunotherapy Research and Technology Group, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,P.O.Box: 4513956111Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
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Impact of procedural variability and study design quality on the efficacy of cell-based therapies for heart failure - a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261462. [PMID: 34986181 PMCID: PMC8730409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-based therapy has long been considered a promising strategy for the treatment of heart failure (HF). However, its effectiveness in the clinical setting is now doubted. Because previous meta-analyses provided conflicting results, we sought to review all available data focusing on cell type and trial design. Methods and findings The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EudraCT were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) utilizing cell therapy for HF patients from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2020. Forty-three RCTs with 2855 participants were identified. The quality of the reported study design was assessed by evaluating the risk-of-bias (ROB). Primary outcomes were defined as mortality rate and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) change from baseline. Secondary outcomes included both heart function data and clinical symptoms/events. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index. Subgroup analysis was performed based on HF type, cell source, cell origin, cell type, cell processing, type of surgical intervention, cell delivery routes, cell dose, and follow-up duration. Only 10 of the 43 studies had a low ROB for all method- and outcome parameters. A higher ROB was associated with a greater increase in LVEF. Overall, there was no impact on mortality for up to 12 months follow-up, and a clinically irrelevant average LVEF increase by LVEF (2.4%, 95% CI = 0.75−4.05, p = 0.004). Freshly isolated, primary cells tended to produce better outcomes than cultured cell products, but there was no clear impact of the cell source tissue, bone marrow cell phenotype or cell chricdose (raw or normalized for CD34+ cells). A meaningful increase in LVEF was only observed when cell therapy was combined with myocardial revascularization. Conclusions The published results suggest a small increase in LVEF following cell therapy for heart failure, but publication bias and methodologic shortcomings need to be taken into account. Given that cardiac cell therapy has now been pursued for 20 years without real progress, further efforts should not be made. Study registry number This meta-analysis is registered at the international prospective register of systematic reviews, number CRD42019118872.
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3
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Nazari-Shafti TZ, Neuber S, Falk V, Emmert MY. Toward next-generation advanced therapies: extracellular vesicles and cell therapy - partners or competitors? Regen Med 2021; 16:215-218. [PMID: 33622051 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Timo Z Nazari-Shafti
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Neuber
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Y Emmert
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, 8044 Zürich, Switzerland.,Wyss Zürich, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Haj-Mirzaian A, Khosravi A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Rahbar A, Ramezanzadeh K, Nikbakhsh R, Pirri F, Talari B, Ghesmati M, Nikbakhsh R, Dehpour AR. The potential role of very small embryonic-like stem cells in the neuroinflammation induced by social isolation stress: Introduction of a new paradigm. Brain Res Bull 2020; 163:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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5
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Engineering a naturally-derived adhesive and conductive cardiopatch. Biomaterials 2019; 207:89-101. [PMID: 30965152 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to a multi-phase reparative process at the site of damaged heart that ultimately results in the formation of non-conductive fibrous scar tissue. Despite the widespread use of electroconductive biomaterials to increase the physiological relevance of bioengineered cardiac tissues in vitro, there are still several limitations associated with engineering biocompatible scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties and electroconductivity for cardiac tissue regeneration. Here, we introduce highly adhesive fibrous scaffolds engineered by electrospinning of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) followed by the conjugation of a choline-based bio-ionic liquid (Bio-IL) to develop conductive and adhesive cardiopatches. These GelMA/Bio-IL adhesive patches were optimized to exhibit mechanical and conductive properties similar to the native myocardium. Furthermore, the engineered patches strongly adhered to murine myocardium due to the formation of ionic bonding between the Bio-IL and native tissue, eliminating the need for suturing. Co-cultures of primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts grown on GelMA/Bio-IL patches exhibited comparatively better contractile profiles compared to pristine GelMA controls, as demonstrated by over-expression of the gap junction protein connexin 43. These cardiopatches could be used to provide mechanical support and restore electromechanical coupling at the site of MI to minimize cardiac remodeling and preserve normal cardiac function.
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6
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A multi-cellular 3D bioprinting approach for vascularized heart tissue engineering based on HUVECs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13532. [PMID: 30201959 PMCID: PMC6131510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The myocardium behaves like a sophisticated orchestra that expresses its true potential only if each member performs the correct task harmonically. Recapitulating its complexity within engineered 3D functional constructs with tailored biological and mechanical properties, is one of the current scientific priorities in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In this study, driven by the necessity of fabricating advanced model of cardiac tissue, we present an innovative approach consisting of heterogeneous, multi-cellular constructs composed of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and induced pluripotent cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). Cells were encapsulated within hydrogel strands containing alginate and PEG-Fibrinogen (PF) and extruded through a custom microfluidic printing head (MPH) that allows to precisely tailor their 3D spatial deposition, guaranteeing a high printing fidelity and resolution. We obtained a 3D cardiac tissue compose of iPSC-derived CMs with a high orientation index imposed by the different defined geometries and blood vessel-like shapes generated by HUVECs which, as demonstrated by in vivo grafting, better support the integration of the engineered cardiac tissue with host’s vasculature.
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7
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Cellular self-assembly into 3D microtissues enhances the angiogenic activity and functional neovascularization capacity of human cardiopoietic stem cells. Angiogenesis 2018; 22:37-52. [PMID: 30014173 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9635-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While cell therapy has been proposed as next-generation therapy to treat the diseased heart, current strategies display only limited clinical efficacy. Besides the ongoing quest for the ideal cell type, in particular the very low retention rate of single-cell (SC) suspensions after delivery remains a major problem. To improve cellular retention, cellular self-assembly into 3D microtissues (MTs) prior to transplantation has emerged as an encouraging alternative. Importantly, 3D-MTs have also been reported to enhance the angiogenic activity and neovascularization potential of stem cells. Therefore, here using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay we comprehensively evaluate the impact of cell format (SCs versus 3D-MTs) on the angiogenic potential of human cardiopoietic stem cells, a promising second-generation cell type for cardiac repair. Biodegradable collagen scaffolds were seeded with human cardiopoietic stem cells, either as SCs or as 3D-MTs generated by using a modified hanging drop method. Thereafter, seeded scaffolds were placed on the CAM of living chicken embryos and analyzed for their perfusion capacity in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging assessment which was then linked to a longitudinal histomorphometric ex vivo analysis comprising blood vessel density and characteristics such as shape and size. Cellular self-assembly into 3D-MTs led to a significant increase of vessel density mainly driven by a higher number of neo-capillary formation. In contrast, SC-seeded scaffolds displayed a higher frequency of larger neo-vessels resulting in an overall 1.76-fold higher total vessel area (TVA). Importantly, despite that larger TVA in SC-seeded group, the mean perfusion capacity (MPC) was comparable between groups, therefore suggesting functional superiority together with an enhanced perfusion efficacy of the neo-vessels in 3D-MT-seeded scaffolds. This was further underlined by a 1.64-fold higher perfusion ratio when relating MPC to TVA. Our study shows that cellular self-assembly of human cardiopoietic stem cells into 3D-MTs substantially enhances their overall angiogenic potential and their functional neovascularization capacity. Hence, the concept of 3D-MTs may be considered to increase the therapeutic efficacy of future cell therapy concepts.
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8
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Abstract
The idiom heart of the matter refers to the focal point within a topic and, with regard to health and longevity, the heart is truly pivotal for quality of life. Societal trends worldwide continue toward increased percent body fat and decreased physical activity with coincident increases in chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease as the top global cause of death along with insulin resistance, accelerated aging, cancer. Although long-term survival rates for cardiovascular disease patients are grim, intense research efforts continue to improve both prevention and treatment options. Pharmacological interventions remain the predominant interventional strategy for mitigating progression and managing symptoms, but cellular therapies have the potential to cure or even mediate remission of cardiovascular disease. Adult stem cells are the most studied cellular therapy in both preclinical and clinical investigation. This review will focus on the advanced therapeutic strategies to augment products and methods of delivery, which many think heralds the future of clinical investigations. Advanced preclinical strategies using adult stem cells are examined to promote synergism between preclinical and clinical research, streamline implementation, and improve this imminent matter of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Broughton
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA.
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9
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Shin S, Choi JW, Lim S, Lee S, Jun EY, Sun HM, Kim IK, Lee HB, Kim SW, Hwang KC. Anti-apoptotic effects of adipose-derived adherent stromal cells in mesenchymal stem cells exposed to oxidative stress. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:263-272. [PMID: 29920999 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) are a heterogeneous collection of cells, and their regenerative modality has been applied in various animal experiments and clinical trials. Despite the attractive advantages of SVFs in clinical interventions, the recent status of clinical studies involving the application of SVFs in many diseases has not been fully evaluated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types despite their low numbers in heart tissue. Here, we sought to determine if SVF implantation into impaired heart tissue affected endogenous MSCs in the heart. Therefore, we investigated the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis in MSCs co-cultured with adipose-derived adherent stromal cells (ADASs) from 6 donors' SVFs under oxidative stress conditions for their roles in many physiological processes in the heart. Interestingly, p53 pathway proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway components were up-regulated by H2 O2 but exhibited a downward trend in MSCs co-cultured with ADASs. These data suggest that ADASs may inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in MSCs via the p53 and MAPK pathways. Our findings also suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into damaged heart tissue may be attributed to the various responses of MSCs. This finding may provide new insights for the clinical application of adipose-derived SVF transplantation in cardiac diseases. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY We investigated the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis in MSCs co-cultured with isolated ADASs from 6 donors' SVFs under oxidative stress conditions. Our results imply that isolated ADASs from SVFs may inhibit oxidative stress-induced cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in MSCs via a p53-dependent pathway. Furthermore, we identified an anti-apoptotic mechanism involving oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by adipose-derived ADASs in MSCs for the first time. Our findings suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into damaged heart tissue may be attributed to the various actions of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Department of Health and Environment, College of Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Jun
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Sun
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon-Bum Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.,International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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10
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FLI1 and PKC co-activation promote highly efficient differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into endothelial-like cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:131. [PMID: 29374149 PMCID: PMC5833666 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rationale-endothelial cells (ECs) play important roles in various regeneration processes and can be used in a variety of therapeutic applications, such as cardiac regeneration, gene therapy, tissue-engineered vascular grafts and prevascularized tissue transplants. ECs can be acquired from pluripotent and adult stem cells. To acquire ECs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in a fast, efficient and economic manner. We established a conditional overexpression system in hESCs based on 15 transcription factors reported to be responsible for hematopoiesis lineage. Among them, only overexpression of FLI1 could induce hESCs to a hematopoietic lineage. Moreover, simultaneous overexpression of FLI1 and activation of PKC rapidly and efficiently induced differentiation of hESCs into induced endothelial cells (iECs) within 3 days, while neither FLI1 overexpression nor PKC activation alone could derive iECs from hESCs. During induction, hESCs differentiated into spindle-like cells that were consistent in appearance with ECs. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that 92.2-98.9% and 87.2-92.6% of these cells were CD31+ and CD144+, respectively. Expression of vascular-specific genes dramatically increased, while the expression of pluripotency genes gradually decreased during induction. iECs incorporated acetylated low-density lipoproteins, strongly expressed vWF and bound UEA-1. iECs also formed capillary-like structures both in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq analysis verified that these cells closely resembled their in vivo counterparts. Our results showed that co-activation of FLI1 and PKC could induce differentiation of hESCs into iECs in a fast, efficient and economic manner.
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Ratajczak MZ, Ciechanowicz AK, Kucharska-Mazur J, Samochowiec J. Stem cells and their potential clinical applications in psychiatric disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 80:3-9. [PMID: 28435007 PMCID: PMC5623088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The robustness of stem cells is one of the major factors that directly impacts life quality and life span. Evidence has accumulated that changes in the stem cell compartment affect human mental health and serve as an indicator of psychiatric problems. It is well known that stem cells continuously replace differentiated cells and tissues that are used up during life, although this replacement occurs at a different pace in the various organs. However, the participation of local neural stem cells in regeneration of the central nervous system is controversial. It is known that low numbers of stem cells circulate continuously in peripheral blood (PB) and lymph and undergo a circadian rhythm in their PB level, with the peak occurring early in the morning and the nadir at night, and recent evidence suggests that the number and pattern of circulating stem cells in PB changes in psychotic disorders. On the other hand, progress in the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient somatic cells provides valuable tools with which to study changes in gene expression in psychotic patients. We will discuss the various potential sources of stem cells that are currently employed in regenerative medicine and the mechanisms that explain some of their beneficial effects as well as the emerging problems with stem cell therapies. However, the main question remains: Will it be possible in the future to modulate the stem cell compartment to reverse psychiatric problems?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute, 500 South Floyd Street, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville 40202, KY, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Ling X, Yao D, Kang L, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Dong H, Zhang K, Zhang L, Chen H. Involment of RAS/ERK1/2 signaling and MEF2C in miR-155-3p inhibition-triggered cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cell. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84403-84416. [PMID: 29137434 PMCID: PMC5663606 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for cleavage or translational repression. Growing evidence indicates that miR-155 expression changes with the development of heart and plays an important role in heart physiopathology. However, the role of miR-155 in cardiac cells differentiation is unclear. Using the well-established embryonic stem cell (ESC), we demonstrated that miR-155-3p expression was down-regulated during cardiogenesis from mouse ESC. By contrast, the myogenic enhance factor 2C (MEF2C), a predicted target gene of miR-155-3p, was up-regulated. We further demonstrated that miR-155-3p inhibition increased the percentage of embryoid bodies (EB) beating and up-regulated the expression of cardiac specific markers, GATA4, Nkx2.5, and cTnT mRNA and protein. Notably, miR-155-3p inhibition caused upregulation of MEF2C, KRAS and ERK1/2. ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059 significantly decreased the expression of MEF2C protein. These findings indicate that miR-155-3p inhibition promotes cardiogenesis, and its mechanisms are involved in the RAS-ERK1/2 signaling and MEF2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ling
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Dongbo Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Lumei Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Keping Zhang
- Department of Experimental Teaching, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogen's and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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13
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Cardiac Progenitor Cells and the Interplay with Their Microenvironment. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:7471582. [PMID: 29075298 PMCID: PMC5623801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7471582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment plays a crucial role in the behavior of stem and progenitor cells. In the heart, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) reside in specific niches, characterized by key components that are altered in response to a myocardial infarction. To date, there is a lack of knowledge on these niches and on the CPC interplay with the niche components. Insight into these complex interactions and into the influence of microenvironmental factors on CPCs can be used to promote the regenerative potential of these cells. In this review, we discuss cardiac resident progenitor cells and their regenerative potential and provide an overview of the interactions of CPCs with the key elements of their niche. We focus on the interaction between CPCs and supporting cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stimuli, and soluble factors. Finally, we describe novel approaches to modulate the CPC niche that can represent the next step in recreating an optimal CPC microenvironment and thereby improve their regeneration capacity.
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14
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DEMİREL BD, BIÇAKCI Ü, RIZALAR R, ALPASLAN PINARLI F, AYDIN O. Histopathological effects of mesenchymal stem cells in ratswith bladder and posterior urethral injuries. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1912-1919. [DOI: 10.3906/sag-1702-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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15
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Ozeke O, Aras D, Tufekcioglu O, Aydogdu S. Noncompaction cardiomyopathy and stem cell therapy: from pathogenesis to targeted therapy? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 15:3-4. [PMID: 27801604 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1256202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozcan Ozeke
- a Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital , Cardiology Clinic , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Dursun Aras
- a Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital , Cardiology Clinic , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Omac Tufekcioglu
- a Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital , Cardiology Clinic , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Sinan Aydogdu
- a Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital , Cardiology Clinic , Ankara , Turkey
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Frey BM, Zeisberger SM, Hoerstrup SP. Stem Cell Factories - the Rebirth of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:244-246. [PMID: 27721699 DOI: 10.1159/000448438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beat M Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland
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Frey BM, Zeisberger SM, Hoerstrup SP. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - New Initiatives for Individual Treatment Offers. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:318-319. [PMID: 27781018 DOI: 10.1159/000450716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Beat M Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Steffen M Zeisberger
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Regenerative Medicine Technologies Platform, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Regenerative Medicine Technologies Platform, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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