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Parida P, N S, E R S, Jagadesh A, Marate S, Govindakaranavar A. The emergence of human metapneumovirus G gene duplication in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infection, India, 2016-2018. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1109-1116. [PMID: 36399244 PMCID: PMC9889522 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) belongs to the family Pneumoviridae. It is one of the emerging respiratory viruses causing both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses. HMPV has two genotypes: A and B. These genotypes are classified into lineage A1, A2, B1 and B2. Lineage-A2 is further classified as A2a, A2b and A2c. Similarly, B2 is classified as B2a and B2b. Studies have shown the circulation of A2b, B1 and B2 lineages in India. However, a limited amount of data is available on the current circulating genotypes of HMPV in India. METHODS Throat swab samples positive for HMPV by real-time RT- PCR, archived at Manipal Institute of Virology as a part of a hospital-based acute febrile illness surveillance study, was used from April 2016 to August 2018 by purposive sampling method. We performed the conventional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for twenty samples targeting the G gene and then subjected them to sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was done using MEGA X software by the Maximum Likelihood method. RESULTS All the twenty sequences belonged to the A2c subgroup. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strains from the study have genetic relation with circulating strains in Japan, China and Croatia. Seven out of the twenty sequences showed 180-nucleotide duplication and eleven sequences showed 111-nucleotide duplication. Two sequences did not show any duplications. CONCLUSION In the current study, we report that A2c is the sub-lineage in India from April 2016 to August 2018. This study is the first retrospective study reporting the circulation of the A2c sub-lineage among adults in India with 180- and 111-nucleotide duplications in the G gene of human metapneumovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetiparna Parida
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sudheesh N
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Sanjay E R
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Anitha Jagadesh
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Srilatha Marate
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Arunkumar Govindakaranavar
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- , 2-49, Vaikathu, Maratithota Road, MooduAthradi, Athradi PO, Udupi, Karnataka, 576107, India.
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Global Extension and Predominance of Human Metapneumovirus A2 Genotype with Partial G Gene Duplication. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051058. [PMID: 35632799 PMCID: PMC9146545 DOI: 10.3390/v14051058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen and is divided in two main groups (A and B). HMPV strains with partial duplications (111-nt and 180-nt duplication) of the G gene have been reported in recent years. Since the initial reports, viruses with these characteristics have been reported in several countries. We analyzed all complete HMPV G gene ectodomain sequences available at GenBank to determine if viruses with 111-nt or 180-nt duplication have become the leading HMPV strains worldwide, and to describe their temporal and geographic distribution. We identified 1462 sequences that fulfilled study criteria (764 HMPV A and 698 HMPV B) reported from 37 countries. The most frequent HMPV A genotype was A2b2 (n = 366), and the most frequent B genotype was B2 (n = 374). A total of 84 sequences contained the 111-nt duplication, and 90 sequences contained the 180-nt duplication. Since 2016, viruses with a partial duplication comprise the most frequent HMPV A sequences globally and have displaced other HMPV A viruses in Asia, Europe, and South America; no sequences of viruses with partial duplication have been reported in North America or Africa so far. Continued surveillance of HMPV is required to identify the emergence and spread of epidemiologically relevant variants.
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Kenmoe S, Vernet MA, Penlap Beng V, Vabret A, Njouom R. Phylogenetic variability of Human Metapneumovirus in patients with acute respiratory infections in Cameroon, 2011–2014. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:606-612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Divarathna MVM, Rafeek RAM, Noordeen F. A review on epidemiology and impact of human metapneumovirus infections in children using TIAB search strategy on PubMed and PubMed Central articles. Rev Med Virol 2019; 30:e2090. [PMID: 31788915 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) contribute to morbidity and mortality in children globally. Viruses including human metapneumovirus (hMPV) account for most ARTIs. The virus causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections mostly in young children and contributes to hospitalization of individuals with asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and cancer. Moreover, hMPV pauses a considerable socio-economic impact creating a substantial disease burden wherever it has been studied, although hMPV testing is relatively new in many countries. We aimed to comprehensively analyze the epidemiological aspects including prevalence, disease burden and seasonality of hMPV infections in children in the world. We acquired published data extracted from PubMed and PubMed Central articles using the title and abstract (TIAB)search strategy for the major key words on hMPV infections from 9/54 African, 11/35 American, 20/50 Asian, 2/14 Australian/Oceanian and 20/51 European countries. According to the findings of this review, the prevalence of hMPV infection ranges from 1.1 to 86% in children of less than 5 years of age globally. Presence of many hMPV genotypes (A1, A2, B1, B2) and sub-genotypes (A2a, A2b, A2c, B2a, B2b) suggests a rapid evolution of the virus with limited influence by time and geography. hMPV infection mostly affects children between 2 to 5 years of age. The virus is active throughout the year in the tropics and epidemics occur during the winter and spring in temperate climates, contributing to a substantial disease burden globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maduja V M Divarathna
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rukshan A M Rafeek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Faseeha Noordeen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Farrag MA, Hamed ME, Amer HM, Almajhdi FN. Epidemiology of respiratory viruses in Saudi Arabia: toward a complete picture. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1981-1996. [PMID: 31139937 PMCID: PMC7087236 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lower respiratory tract infection is a major health problem that affects more than 15% of the total population of Saudi Arabia each year. Epidemiological studies conducted over the last three decades have indicated that viruses are responsible for the majority of these infections. The epidemiology of respiratory viruses in Saudi Arabia is proposed to be affected mainly by the presence and mobility of large numbers of foreign workers and the gathering of millions of Muslims in Mecca during the Hajj and Umrah seasons. Knowledge concerning the epidemiology, circulation pattern, and evolutionary kinetics of respiratory viruses in Saudi Arabia are scant, with the available literature being inconsistent. This review summarizes the available data on the epidemiology and evolution of respiratory viruses. The demographic features associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus infections are specifically analyzed for a better understanding of the epidemiology of this virus. The data support the view that continuous entry and exit of pilgrims and foreign workers with different ethnicities and socioeconomic backgrounds in Saudi Arabia is the most likely vehicle for global dissemination of respiratory viruses and for the emergence of new viruses (or virus variants) capable of greater dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farrag
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455QA6, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maaweya E Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455QA6, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham M Amer
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fahad N Almajhdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455QA6, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Jallow MM, Fall A, Kiori D, Sy S, Goudiaby D, Barry MA, Fall M, Niang MN, Dia N. Epidemiological, clinical and genotypic features of human Metapneumovirus in patients with influenza-like illness in Senegal, 2012 to 2016. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:457. [PMID: 31117983 PMCID: PMC6532257 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a causal agent of acute respiratory infection, especially in primarily children. At the clinical level, HMPV is associated to several diseases including bronchitis, croup, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, reactive airway disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma exacerbations, specifically in children less than 5 years. Here, we carried out a retrospective pilot study, based on the processing of nasopharyngeal swabs, with a focus on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of HMPV in Senegal. Methods This retrospective study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2016. Briefly, all outpatients presenting to healthcare sentinel sites were screened for surveillance enrollment and included if they met criteria for ILI. Naso-oropharyngeal swabs were collected from eligible participants. For viral respiratory pathogens detection, including HMPV, the Anyplex™ II RV16 Detection kit was used. A fragment of the hMPV F gene was targeted for sequencing. Results In total, 8209 patients with ILI were enrolled. Half of them (49.7%) were children under 5 years. Fever was the most common symptom followed by cough, and rhinitis. Three hundred eight patients were positive for HMPV (3.75%). 89 (28.9%) were detected as single infection. In co-infection cases, the most common co-infecting viruses were influenza, adenovirus and rhinovirus. HMPV detection rates in the different age groups varied significantly with the children under 5 years group accounting for 71.7% of positive patients. The temporal distribution pattern for HMPV infection showed a clear seasonal pattern with a higher activity during the rainy period (July–September). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that HMPV specimens circulating in Senegal were distributed into the two main genetic lineages, A and B. We also noted a co-circulation of both genetic lineages during the whole study period except in 2014. Conclusion In summary, the present study characterized the recent prevalence, seasonality and genetic diversity of HMPV in a large outpatient population presented with ILI in Senegal between 2012 and 2016. Globally our results show a clear seasonal circulation pattern of HMPV in Senegal. Our findings identified children less than 5 years as more susceptible group to HMPV infection. Molecular studies identified A2, B1 and B2 as the major genotypes circulating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Malado Jallow
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Amary Fall
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Davy Kiori
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Sara Sy
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Déborah Goudiaby
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mamadou Aliou Barry
- Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Unité d'Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Malick Fall
- Département de Biologie, Animale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mbayame Ndiaye Niang
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ndongo Dia
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, 36, Avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal.
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Alsuheel AM, Ali AS, Al-Hakami AM, Shati AA, Chandramoorthy HC, Al-Qahtani SM. Human metapneumovirus in Pediatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in the Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 7:80-85. [PMID: 31080387 PMCID: PMC6503696 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_72_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a Paramyxovirus known to cause acute respiratory tract infections in children and young adults. To date, there is no study from the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia determining the proportion and severity of hMPV infection among pediatric hospitalized patients with respiratory infections. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the presence of hMPV antigens in the nasopharyngeal secretions of pediatric patients hospitalized with respiratory tract infections in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This prospective, serological hospital-based study included all pediatric patients who were admitted to Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia, from July 2016 to November 2017 with upper and/or lower respiratory tract infections. Basic demographics of patients and their clinical data on and after admission were recorded. Direct fluorescent antibody assay was used to detect the presence of hMPV antigens in the obtained nasopharyngeal secretion specimens. Results: During the study, 91 pediatric patients were hospitalized due to upper and/or lower respiratory tract infections, of which 9.9% were positive for hMPV. These patients were aged 9 months to 16 years, were from Abha city or its surrounding localities and were mostly (77.8%) hospitalized during autumn or winter. The most common diagnosis on admission was bronchopneumonia (55.5%) and aspiration pneumonia (22.2%), and some patients also had underlying chronic conditions such as chronic heart disease (22.2%) and bronchial asthma (11.1%). Conclusions: The results obtained indicated that hMPV is a potential etiologic factor for the commonly occurring acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children from the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. hMPV infection was also found to be associated with complicated respiratory conditions such as bronchopneumonia, chronic heart disease and bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammed Alsuheel
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahid Saeed Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Musa Al-Hakami
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayed Abdullah Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harish C Chandramoorthy
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Frequency and Molecular Typing of Human Metapneumovirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Bojnurd, Northeastern Iran. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/pedinfect.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Merkow JS, Nelson EJ. Intraoperative Acute Respiratory Failure in an Immunocompromised Patient with Human Metapneumovirus. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2018; 19:301-303. [PMID: 29545513 PMCID: PMC5869965 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.907604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 31 Final Diagnosis: Pneumonia from Human Metapneumovirus pulmonary infection Symptoms: Cough • fatigue Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Hernia repair Specialty: Anesthesiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S Merkow
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erik J Nelson
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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