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Miller R, Unda SR, Holland R, Altschul DJ. Western Moyamoya Phenotype: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e19812. [PMID: 34956795 PMCID: PMC8693830 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya, a rare angiographic finding, is characterized by chronic and progressive stenosis at the terminal end of the internal carotid artery, followed by collateralization of the cerebral vasculature at the base of the skull. Coined by Suzuki and Takaku in 1969, the term "moyamoya" means a "puff of smoke" in Japanese, a reference to the angiographic appearance of moyamoya collateralization. Moyamoya is most commonly found in East Asian countries, where much governmental and civilian effort has been expended to characterize this unique disease process. However, despite its rarity, the occurrence of moyamoya in Western countries is associated with significant divergence regarding incidence, gender, sex, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, and outcomes. Here, we attempted to review the Western literature on moyamoya presentation using the PubMed database to characterize the Western phenotype of moyamoya. We were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We reviewed papers generated from a search with keywords "moyamoya case report," those reported from a Western institution, and those reported on a relevant association. Our scoping review demonstrated various clinical associations with moyamoya. Moreover, we summarized the demographic profile and clinical symptomatology, as well as reported disease associations to better elucidate the Western phenotype of moyamoya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Miller
- Neurological Surgery, Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | - Santiago R Unda
- Neurological Surgery, Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | - Ryan Holland
- Neurological Surgery, Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | - David J Altschul
- Neurological Surgery, Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
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Luisa SF, Rizzo A, Bedini G, Capone F, Di Lazzaro V, Nava S, Acerbi F, Rossi DS, Binelli S, Faragò G, Gioppo A, Grisoli M, Bruzzone MG, Ferroli P, Pantaleoni C, Caputi L, Gomez JV, Parati EA, Bersano A. Microduplication of 15q13.3 and Microdeletion of 18q21.32 in a Patient with Moyamoya Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113675. [PMID: 30463371 PMCID: PMC6274901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya angiopathy (MA) is a cerebrovascular disease determining a progressive stenosis of the terminal part of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and their proximal branches and the compensatory development of abnormal “moyamoya” vessels. MA occurs as an isolated cerebral angiopathy (so-called moyamoya disease) or in association with various conditions (moyamoya syndromes) including several heritable conditions such as Down syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1 and other genomic defects. Although the mechanism that links MA to these genetic syndromes is still unclear, it is believed that the involved genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility. Herein, we describe the case of a 43 years old woman with bilateral MA and peculiar facial characteristics, having a 484-kb microduplication of the chromosomal region 15q13.3 and a previously unreported 786 kb microdeletion in 18q21.32. This patient may have a newly-recognized genetic syndrome associated with MA. Although the relationship between these genetic variants and MA is unclear, our report would contribute to widening the genetic scenario of MA, in which not only genic mutation, but also genome unbalances are possible candidate susceptibility factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sciacca Francesca Luisa
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica e Tecnologia Applicata, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ambra Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica e Tecnologia Applicata, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gloria Bedini
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sara Nava
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Acerbi
- Neurosurgical Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Sebastiano Rossi
- Neurophysiopathology Department and Epilepsy Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Simona Binelli
- Neurophysiopathology Department and Epilepsy Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Faragò
- Neuroradiological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gioppo
- Neuroradiological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marina Grisoli
- Neuroradiological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ferroli
- Neurosurgical Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Developmental Neurology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi Caputi
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Jesus Vela Gomez
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eugenio Agostino Parati
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Bersano
- Cerebrovascular Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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