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Koh CC, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO. Balancing the functions of DNA extracellular traps in intracellular parasite infections: implications for host defense, disease pathology and therapy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:450. [PMID: 37474501 PMCID: PMC10359321 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The release of DNA to the extracellular milieu is a biological process referred to as etosis, which is involved in both physiological and pathological functions. Although the release of DNA extracellular traps (ETs) was initially attributed to innate immune cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages, recent studies have shown that T cells, as well as non-immune cells, are capable of releasing ETs. These structures were described primarily for their potential to trap and kill pathogens, presenting an important strategy of host defense. Intriguingly, these functions have been associated with intracellular pathogens such as the parasites Leishmania sp. and Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agents of leishmaniasis and Chagas disease, respectively. These are two devastating tropical diseases that lead to thousands of deaths every year. In an apparent contradiction, ETs can also induce and amplify inflammation, which may lead to worsening disease pathology. This has prompted the concept of targeting ETs' release as a means of controlling tissue destruction to treat human diseases. What is the best approach to prevent disease severity: inducing ETs to kill pathogens or preventing their release? In this Perspective article, we will discuss the importance of understanding ETs released by different cell types and the need to balance their potentially complementary functions. In addition, we will explore other functions of ETs and their translational applications to benefit individuals infected with intracellular parasites and other pathogens. Ultimately, a better understanding of the role of ETs in disease pathogenesis will provide valuable insights into developing novel therapies for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cattoni Koh
- Morphology Dept, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J Gollob
- National Institute for Science & Technology in Tropical Diseases - INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Walderez O Dutra
- Morphology Dept, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- National Institute for Science & Technology in Tropical Diseases - INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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2
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Teixeira-Cruz JM, Martins-Ferreira J, Monteiro-Machado M, Strauch MA, de Moraes JA, Amaral LS, Valente RC, Melo PA, Quintas LEM. Heparin prevents the cytotoxic activity of Bothrops jararacussu and Apis mellifera venoms in renal cells. Toxicon 2023; 223:107011. [PMID: 36584790 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Envenomation by Bothrops snakes and Apis mellifera bee may imply systemic disorders which affect well-perfused organs such as kidneys, a process that can lead to acute renal failure. Nevertheless, there is scarce information regarding a direct renal cell effect and the putative antagonism by antivenoms. Here the cytotoxic effect of B. jararacussu and A. mellifera venoms was evaluated in the renal proximal tubule cell line LLC-PK1, as well as the antagonism of this effect by heparin. B. jararacussu venom showed significant cytotoxicity as assessed by LDH release and MTT reduction, with a sharp decline of the cell number after 180 min (>90% at 50 μg/mL). A. mellifera venom produced a much faster and potent cytotoxic activity, conferring almost no viable cells after 15 min at 25 μg/mL. Phase contrast microscopy revealed that while B. jararacussu venom induced a progressive loss of cell adhesion and detachment, A. mellifera venom promoted a rapid plasma membrane disruption and nuclear condensation suggestive of necrotic cell death. Pre-incubation of both venoms with heparin for 30 min significantly reduced cytotoxicity. Our results demonstrate direct toxicity of B. jararacussu and A. mellifera venoms toward renal cells but with distinct kinetics and cell pattern, suggesting different mechanisms of action. In addition, the antagonistic, cytoprotective effect of heparin ascribes such compound as a promising drug for preventing renal failure from envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatha M Teixeira-Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jainne Martins-Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos Monteiro-Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Strauch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Vital Brazil, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Alfredo de Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana S Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raphael C Valente
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa Em Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo M Quintas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Tsai HL, Yeh YS, Chen PJ, Chang YT, Chen YC, Su WC, Chang TK, Huang CW, Wang JY. The Auxiliary Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Before Surgery: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231187153. [PMID: 37822243 PMCID: PMC10571697 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231187153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer use low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMF) as a supplement to therapy. However, most studies of LMF are in vitro or conducted using animals. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the gold standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study investigated the quality of life (QoL) and clinical outcomes of patients with LARC taking LMF as a supplement to neoadjuvant CCRT. This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. The sample comprised 87 patients, of whom 44 were included in a fucoidan group and 43 were included in a placebo group. We compared their QoL scores and clinical outcomes before treatment, and at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months posttreatment. Pretreatment and posttreatment gut microbiota differences were also compared. Although enhanced physical well-being (PWB) at 2 months and 3 months posttreatment in the fucoidan group were observed (both P < .0125), the improvements of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Patients with Colorectal Cancer (FACT-C) were nonsignificant (all P > .0125). Skin rash and itching and fatigue were less common in the fucoidan group (both P < .05). Posttreatment, the genus Parabacteroides was significantly more common in the gut microbiota of the fucoidan group. LMF administration improved the QoL, skin rash and itching, fatigue, and gut microbiota composition of the patients with LARC receiving CCRT.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04342949.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yung-Sung Yeh
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Wei-Chih Su
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from MDA-MB-231 Cells Trigger Neutrophils to a Pro-Tumor Profile. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121875. [PMID: 35741003 PMCID: PMC9221190 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune system cells, including neutrophils, are recruited by the tumor microenvironment as a site of chronic inflammation and begin to favor tumor growth. Neutrophils present in the tumor site are called tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) and can present two phenotypes: N1 (antitumor) or N2 (pro-tumor). Evidence shows the high capacity of immune system cells to interact with extracellular vesicles (Evs) released by tumor cells. Evs can modulate the phenotype of cells within the immune system, contributing to tumor development. Here, we investigated the role of MDA-MB-231-derived Evs upon the polarization of neutrophils towards an N2 phenotype and the underlying mechanisms. We observed that neutrophils treated with Evs released by MDA cells (MDA-Evs) had their half-life increased, increased their chemotactic capacity, and released higher levels of NETs and ROS than neutrophils treated with non-tumoral Evs. We also observed that neutrophils treated with MDA-Evs released increased IL-8, VEGF, MMP9, and increased expression of CD184, an N2-neutrophil marker. Finally, neutrophils treated with MDA-Evs increased tumor cell viability. Our results show that MDA-Evs induce an N2-like phenotype, and the blockage of phosphatidylserine by annexin-V may be an essential agent counter-regulating this effect.
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Moraes JA, Rodrigues G, Guimarães-Bastos D, Nascimento-Silva V, Svensjö E, Renovato-Martins M, Berger M, Guimarães J, Barja-Fidalgo C. Effect of Lonomia obliqua Venom on Human Neutrophils. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120908. [PMID: 34941745 PMCID: PMC8707409 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant incidence of deforestation in South America culminates in the contact of humans with typical forests species. Among these species, one may highlight Lonomia obliqua caterpillar, which, when touched by humans, can poison them through their bristles. Therefore, better acknowledging the mechanisms involved in envenomation caused by Lonomia obliqua caterpillar bristle extract (LOCBE) may contribute to further treatments. Recently, we demonstrated that LOCBE induces a pro-inflammatory profile in endothelial cells; thus, we decided to investigate the effects of LOCBE on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), which are the first leukocytes that migrate to the inflammatory focus. Our results showed that treatment with LOCBE induced PMN chemotaxis together with alterations in actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, favoring migration. Concurrently, LOCBE induced PMN adhesion to matrix proteins, such as collagen IV, fibronectin, and fibrinogen. Moreover, we observed that LOCBE attenuated PMN apoptosis and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production together with nuclear factor kB (NF-κB) activation—a redox-sensitive transcription factor—as well as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 release. We call attention to the ROS-dependent effect of LOCBE on increased cell migration once an antioxidant treatment reverted it. In summary, we report that LOCBE activates PMN, inducing pro-inflammatory responses modulated by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Alfredo Moraes
- Laboratório de Biologia RedOx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ave. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Prédio Novo do ICB, Sala 3 3 Andar, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.G.-B.); (C.B.-F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Genilson Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.R.); (V.N.-S.)
| | - Daniel Guimarães-Bastos
- Laboratório de Biologia RedOx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ave. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Prédio Novo do ICB, Sala 3 3 Andar, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.G.-B.); (C.B.-F.)
| | - Vany Nascimento-Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.R.); (V.N.-S.)
| | - Erik Svensjö
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Mariana Renovato-Martins
- Laborotário de Imunologia e Metabolismo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 22410-201, Brazil;
| | - Markus Berger
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil; (M.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Jorge Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil; (M.B.); (J.G.)
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Laboratório de Biologia RedOx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ave. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Prédio Novo do ICB, Sala 3 3 Andar, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.G.-B.); (C.B.-F.)
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Guimarães-Bastos D, Frony AC, Barja-Fidalgo C, Moraes JA. Melanoma-derived extracellular vesicles skew neutrophils into a pro-tumor phenotype. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:585-596. [PMID: 34043843 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0120-050rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that tumor cells abundantly produce and release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can interact with stromal cells and modulate their functions. In the tumor neighborhood, neutrophils can assume both antitumor and pro-tumor phenotypes, known as TAN-N1 and TAN-N2, respectively. Nevertheless, the contribution of tumor-derived EVs to the modulation of TAN phenotypes is still poorly understood. The effects of EVs produced by a metastatic human melanoma cell line (MV3) on the differentiation and functional changes in human neutrophils were investigated. Treatment with MV3-derived EVs induced neutrophil chemotaxis through a signaling pathway involving the CXCR2/PI3K-Akt axis, prolonged neutrophil life span, promoted formation of neutrophil extracellular traps with poor elastase activity, and increased reactive oxygen species production. In contrast, EVs also increased the expression of TAN-N2 molecular markers (such as ARG1, CXCR4, and VEGF) in neutrophils. They also impaired oxide nitric and peroxynitrite production and diminished cytotoxic activity against melanoma cells, inducing neutrophils into a pro-tumor profile. Remarkably, EV-stimulated neutrophils did not exhibit phagocytic activity. These data suggested that melanoma-derived EVs could activate neutrophils, allowing their migration toward the tumor microenvironment, and driving these cells to a pro-tumor/N2 polarization, thus contributing to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guimarães-Bastos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of RedOx Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Frony
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Barja-Fidalgo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Cell Biology, IBRAG, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Alfredo Moraes
- Laboratory of RedOx Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Herwald H, Egesten A. Skeletons in the Cupboard of Dysfunctional Neutrophils Revealed. J Innate Immun 2021; 13:1-2. [PMID: 33477160 DOI: 10.1159/000514456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Chen X, Sun L, Wei X, Lu H, Tan Y, Sun Z, Jiang J. Antitumor effect and molecular mechanism of fucoidan in NSCLC. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:25. [PMID: 33430854 PMCID: PMC7802245 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fucoidan, a water-soluble polysaccharide, exerts anticoagulant and antiviral functions. It was recently reported that fucoidan also exerts an antitumor function. Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-tumor,apoptosis and anti-metastasis effects of fucoidan in both cell-based assays and mouse xenograft model, as well as to clarify possible role of m-TOR pathway in the protection. Methods In vitro: Different concentrations of fucoidan were given to act on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and H1650. The effects of fucoidan on cell proliferation were observed by detecting cyclin expression levels, CCK8 and EDU experiments and cloning experiments. The apoptotic level was detected by flow cytometry and the apoptotic protein level was detected by Westernblot. By detecting the expression of adhesion molecules, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, and Transwell cell invasion and migration experiment, the effect of fucoidan on cell adhesion, invasion and migration was observed. Meanwhile the effect of fucoidan on angiogenesis was observed by detecting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In vivo experiment: An animal model of NSCLC cell mouse subcutaneous xenograft tumor was established to analyze the correlation between the consumption of fucoidan and the size and volume of xenograft tumor through gross observation. Through immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence double staining, ki67 and cell adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and CD31) and VEGF-A in the tumor were detected, and the correlation between the amount of fucoidan and the above indexes was analyzed. Results Fucoidan inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of NSCLC cells via the mTOR pathway and promoted their apoptosis by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Not only that, fucoidan inhibited NSCLC cell invasion via epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT). The mice fed fucoidan exhibited significant reductions in tumor volumes and weights. These indicators (Ki67, VEGF-A,N-cadherin) were decreased and E-cadherin expression was up-regulated in A549 mice that treated with fucoidan. The results showed that fucoidan inhibited tumor proliferation in vivo by affecting the expression of related proteins. Conclusion Fucoidan conveys antitumor effects and our results represent an ideal therapeutic agent for NSCLC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03191-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haijun Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Ye Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhanyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, 266400, China
| | - Jinju Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, 266400, China
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Teixeira-Cruz JM, Strauch MA, Monteiro-Machado M, Tavares-Henriques MS, de Moraes JA, Ribeiro da Cunha LE, Ferreira, Jr. RS, Barraviera B, Quintas LEM, Melo PA. A Novel Apilic Antivenom to Treat Massive, Africanized Honeybee Attacks: A Preclinical Study from the Lethality to Some Biochemical and Pharmacological Activities Neutralization. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13010030. [PMID: 33466223 PMCID: PMC7824798 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive, Africanized honeybee attacks have increased in Brazil over the years. Humans and animals present local and systemic effects after envenomation, and there is no specific treatment for this potentially lethal event. This study evaluated the ability of a new Apilic antivenom, which is composed of F(ab’)2 fraction of specific immunoglobulins in heterologous and hyperimmune equine serum, to neutralize A. mellifera venom and melittin, in vitro and in vivo, in mice. Animal experiments were performed in according with local ethics committee license (UFRJ protocol no. DFBCICB072-04/16). Venom dose-dependent lethality was diminished with 0.25–0.5 μL of intravenous Apilic antivenom/μg honeybee venom. In vivo injection of 0.1–1 μg/g bee venom induced myotoxicity, hemoconcentration, paw edema, and increase of vascular permeability which were antagonized by Apilic antivenom. Cytotoxicity, assessed in renal LLC-PK1 cells and challenged with 10 μg/mL honeybee venom or melittin, was neutralized by preincubation with Apilic antivenom, as well the hemolytic activity. Apilic antivenom inhibited phospholipase and hyaluronidase enzymatic activities. In flow cytometry experiments, Apilic antivenom neutralized reduction of cell viability due to necrosis by honeybee venom or melittin. These results showed that this antivenom is effective inhibitor of honeybee venom actions. Thus, this next generation of Apilic antivenom emerges as a new promising immunobiological product for the treatment of massive, Africanized honeybee attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatha Mota Teixeira-Cruz
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | - Marcelo Abrahão Strauch
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
- Scientific Board, Vital Brazil Institute (IVB), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24230-410, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (L.E.M.Q.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Marcos Monteiro-Machado
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | - Matheus Silva Tavares-Henriques
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | - João Alfredo de Moraes
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
| | | | - Rui Seabra Ferreira, Jr.
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18610-307, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18610-307, Brazil; (R.S.F.J.); (B.B.)
| | - Luis Eduardo M. Quintas
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (L.E.M.Q.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Paulo A. Melo
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (J.M.T.-C.); (M.M.-M.); (M.S.T.-H.); (J.A.d.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (L.E.M.Q.); (P.A.M.)
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The Functional Heterogeneity of Neutrophil-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects the Status of the Parent Cell. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122718. [PMID: 33353087 PMCID: PMC7766779 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar to other cell types, neutrophilic granulocytes also release extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly medium-sized microvesicles/microparticles. According to published data, authors have reached a consensus on the physical parameters (size, density) and chemical composition (surface proteins, proteomics) of neutrophil-derived EVs. In contrast, there is large diversity and even controversy in the reported functional properties. Part of the discrepancy may be ascribed to differences in the viability of the starting cells, in eliciting factors, in separation techniques and in storage conditions. However, the most recent data from our laboratory prove that the same population of neutrophils is able to generate EVs with different functional properties, transmitting pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on neighboring cells. Previously we have shown that Mac-1 integrin is a key factor that switches anti-inflammatory EV generation into pro-inflammatory and antibacterial EV production. This paper reviews current knowledge on the functional alterations initiated by neutrophil-derived EVs, listing their effects according to the triggering agents and target cells. We summarize the presence of neutrophil-derived EVs in pathological processes and their perspectives in diagnostics and therapy. Finally, the functional heterogeneity of differently triggered EVs indicates that neutrophils are capable of producing a broad spectrum of EVs, depending on the environmental conditions prevailing at the time of EV genesis.
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11
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Herwald H, Egesten A. Who is WHO? J Innate Immun 2020; 12:435-436. [PMID: 33152742 DOI: 10.1159/000512553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Herwald H, Egesten A. Serious, Severe, Sepsis. J Innate Immun 2020; 12:129-130. [PMID: 32007993 DOI: 10.1159/000505623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Ramirez GA, Manfredi AA, Maugeri N. Misunderstandings Between Platelets and Neutrophils Build in Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2491. [PMID: 31695699 PMCID: PMC6817594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated hemostasis, inflammation and innate immunity entail extensive interactions between platelets and neutrophils. Under physiological conditions, vascular inflammation offers a template for the establishment of effective intravascular immunity, with platelets providing neutrophils with an array of signals that increase their activation threshold, thus limiting collateral damage to tissues and promoting termination of the inflammatory response. By contrast, persistent systemic inflammation as observed in immune-mediated diseases, such as systemic vasculitides, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by platelet and neutrophil reciprocal activation, which ultimately culminates in the generation of thrombo-inflammatory lesions, fostering vascular injury and organ damage. Here, we discuss recent evidence regarding the multifaceted aspects of platelet-neutrophil interactions from bone marrow precursors to shed microparticles. Moreover, we analyse shared and disease-specific events due to an aberrant deployment of these interactions in human diseases. To restore communications between the pillars of the immune-hemostatic continuum constitutes a fascinating challenge for the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe A Ramirez
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Norma Maugeri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Egesten A, Herwald H. The Extracellular Matrix: Reloaded Revolutions. J Innate Immun 2019; 11:301-302. [PMID: 31167198 DOI: 10.1159/000500357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Lu HT, Chang WT, Tsai ML, Chen CH, Chen WY, Mi FL. Development of Injectable Fucoidan and Biological Macromolecules Hybrid Hydrogels for Intra-Articular Delivery of Platelet-Rich Plasma. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E236. [PMID: 31010247 PMCID: PMC6521258 DOI: 10.3390/md17040236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is rich in growth factors and has commonly been utilized in the repair and regeneration of damaged articular cartilage. However, the major drawbacks of direct PRP injection are unstable biological fixation and fast or burst release of growth factors. Fucoidan is a heparinoid compound that can bind growth factors to control their release rate. Furthermore, fucoidan can reduce arthritis through suppressing inflammatory responses and thus it has been reported to prevent the progression of osteoarthritis, promote bone regeneration and accelerate healing of cartilage injury. Injectable hydrogels can be used to deliver cells and growth factors for an alternative, less invasive treatment of cartilage defects. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) and fucoidan (FD) was blended with gelatin (GLT) and the GLT/HA/FD hybrid was further cross-linked with genipin (GP) to prepare injectable GP-GLT/HA/FD hydrogels. The gelation rate was affected by the GP, GLT, HA and FD concentrations, as well as the pH values. The addition of HA and FD to GLT networks improved the mechanical strength of the hydrogels and facilitated the sustained release of PRP growth factors. The GP-GLT/HA/FD hydrogel showed adequate injectability, shape-persistent property and strong adhesive ability, and was more resistant to enzymatic degradation. The PRP-loaded GP-GLT/HA/FD hydrogel promoted cartilage regeneration in rabbits, which may lead to an advanced PRP therapy for enhancing cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Tsung Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Ting Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Lang Tsai
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ho Chen
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
| | - Fwu-Long Mi
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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