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Perrone S, Lopedote P, Levis M, Di Rocco A, Smith SD. Management of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma in patients ineligible for CAR-T cell therapy. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:215-232. [PMID: 35184664 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, patients who are excluded or have no access to CAR-T represent a challenge for clinicians and have generally a dismal outcome. The landscape for this category of patients is constantly evolving: new agents have been approved in the last 2-3 years, alone or in combination, and novel treatment modalities are under investigations. AREAS COVERED Thereafter, we reviewed the currently available therapeutic strategies: conventional chemotherapy, Antibody-drug conjugate ADC (mainly polatuzumab and loncastuxumab), bispecific antibodies (CD19/CD3 and focus on novel CD20/CD3 Abs), immunomodulatory drugs (covering tafasitamab and lenalidomide, checkpoint inhibitors mainly in PMBL), small molecules (selinexor, BTK and PI3K inhibitors), and the role of radiotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Navigating this scenario, will uncover new challenges, including identifying an ideal sequence for these therapies, the most effective combinations, and search for consistent predictive factors to help selecting the appropriate population of LBCL patients. At present, supporting clinical research for CAR-T ineligible patients, a new and challenging group, must remain a major focus that is complementary to advances in CAR T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Perrone
- Hematology, Polo Universitario Pontino, S.M. Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Paolo Lopedote
- Internal Medicine, St Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, U.S
| | - Mario Levis
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alice Di Rocco
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephen Douglas Smith
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Nguyen TT, Nguyen VH, Vu MP. Gemcitabine, Dexamethasone, Cisplatin with Rituximab in Treatment Transplant- Ineligible Relapsed Non-Hodgkin B-cell Lymphoma Patients. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/hjb1m4gctu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chen M, Jiang Y, Cai X, Lu X, Chao H. Combination of Gemcitabine and Thymosin alpha 1 exhibit a better anti-tumor effect on nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107829. [PMID: 34119916 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NNKTL) is an aggressive and poor prognostic malignant tumor along with high-level infection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Gemcitabine (Gem) and Thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) exert an anti-tumor effect in various cancers. However, the effect of the combination of Gem and Tα1 in NNKTL remains unknown. METHODS SNK6 cells were treated with Gem, Tα1 and Gem plus Tα1 for 48 h. The expression levels of EBV and inflammatory factors were measured by qRT-PCR assay. The effect of Gem and Tα1 on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy was detected by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, autophagic flux measurement, respectively. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis and autophagy. In vivo xenograft models were used to further verify the roles of Gem and Tα1. Tumors were removed for weight measurement, H&E and IHC staining. RESULTS We identified that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Gem and Tα1 was 116.5 μmol/ml and 1.334 μmol/ml. Alone or combined administration of Gem and Tα1 dramatically attenuated the EBV viral load and promoted inflammatory factors expression in SNK6 cells, among which the combination of Gem and Tα1 treatment showed the most significant effect. Besides, combination treatment with Gem and Tα1 markedly inhibited cell growth and EMT progress, and enhanced apoptosis and autophagy. Similarly, Gem combined with Tα1 suppressed tumor growth, promoted apoptosis and autophagy in vivo. Additionally, combination treatment with Gem and Tα1 inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, combination administration of Gem and Tα1 suppressed the progression of NNKTL in vivo and in vitro. Our study provided an effective therapeutic strategy potentially for the clinical treatment of NNKTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China.
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China.
| | - Xiaohui Cai
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Xuzhang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Hongying Chao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Changzhou Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China.
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Li H, Cui R, Ji M, Jin SY. CUDC-101 enhances the chemosensitivity of gemcitabine-treated lymphoma cells. Leuk Res 2021; 106:106575. [PMID: 33878513 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metastasis and recurrence of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Recent work suggests that drugs capable of targeting epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may be well suited to the treatment of such disease progression. METHODS This study was thus designed to evaluate the ability of the novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor CUDC-101 to synergize with gemcitabine in order to kill human HUT78 and Pfeiffer NHL cells. To that end, we analyzed the viability of these NHL cells via CCK-8 assay, while the incidence of apoptosis among treated cells was evaluated via Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and by the Western blotting-mediated evaluation of proteins associate with apoptosis and related signaling pathways. RESULTS We found that CUDC-101 and gemcitabine interacted synergistically to reduce NHL cell viability and to induce the apoptotic death of these cells via the EGFR/ PI3K/Akt and Erk pathways, which were regulated by HDAC signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Together, our results highlight the anti-cancer properties of CUDC-101 alone or in combination with gemcitabine as an approach to inducing the apoptotic death of lymphoma cells in vitro, while also offering insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms governing this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- Department of Hematology, Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - Rihua Cui
- Department of Hematology, Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - Meiying Ji
- Research center of Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, Yanji, 133000, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Jin
- Department of Hematology, Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, Yanji, 133000, China; Research center of Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin, Yanji, 133000, China.
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Buczkowski A, Gorzkiewicz M, Stepniak A, Malinowska-Michalak M, Tokarz P, Urbaniak P, Ionov M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Palecz B. Physicochemical and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of inclusion complex between gemcitabine and cucurbit[7]uril host. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103843. [PMID: 32305692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine, a cytostatic drug from the pyrimidine antimetabolite group, exhibits limited storage stability and numerous side effects during therapy. One of the strategies to improve the effectiveness of therapy with such drugs is the use of supramolecular nano-containers, including dendrimers and macrocyclic compounds. The ability of gemcitabine to attach a proton in an aqueous environment necessitates the search for a carrier that is well-tolerated by an organism and capable of supramolecular binding of a ligand (drug) in a cationic form. In the current study a promising strategy was tested for using cucurbituril Q7 to bind gemcitabine cations for its efficient intracellular delivery on three selected cancer cell lines (MOLT4, THP-1 and U937). Based on physicochemical studies (equilibrium dialysis, UV and 1H NMR titrations, DOSY 1H NMR measurements, DSC calorimetry) and cytotoxicity tests on cells with a free and blocked hENT1 transporter, the conclusion was drawn about the binding and penetration of the cucurbituril-drug complex into cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Buczkowski
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 165 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Michał Gorzkiewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Artur Stepniak
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 165 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Malinowska-Michalak
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 165 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Tokarz
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, Lodz 91-403, Poland
| | - Paweł Urbaniak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Palecz
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 165 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Mitochondria as target to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells: the effects of doxycycline and gemcitabine. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4363. [PMID: 32152409 PMCID: PMC7063048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxycycline has anti-tumour effects in a range of tumour systems. The aims of this study were to define the role mitochondria play in this process and examine the potential of doxycycline in combination with gemcitabine. We studied the adenocarcinoma cell line A549, its mitochondrial DNA-less derivative A549 ρ° and cultured fibroblasts. Treatment with doxycycline for 5 days resulted in a decrease of mitochondrial-encoded proteins, respiration and membrane potential, and an increase of reactive oxygen species in A549 cells and fibroblasts, but fibroblasts were less affected. Doxycycline slowed proliferation of A549 cells by 35%. Cellular ATP levels did not change. Doxycycline alone had no effect on apoptosis; however, in combination with gemcitabine given during the last 2 days of treatment, doxycycline increased caspase 9 and 3/7 activities, resulting in a further decrease of surviving A549 cells by 59% and of fibroblasts by 24% compared to gemcitabine treatment alone. A549 ρ° cells were not affected by doxycycline. Key effects of doxycycline observed in A549 cells, such as the decrease of mitochondrial-encoded proteins and surviving cells were also seen in the cancer cell lines COLO357 and HT29. Our results suggest that doxycycline suppresses cancer cell proliferation and primes cells for apoptosis by gemcitabine.
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Batgi H, Merdin A, Dal MS, Kızıl Çakar M, Yıldız J, Başçı S, Uncu Ulu B, Yiğenoğlu TN, Darçın T, Şahin D, Bakırtaş M, Tetik A, İskender D, Altuntaş F. The effect of gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin chemotherapy in relapsed/refractory NHL and HL patients: A single center experience. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 26:1857-1863. [PMID: 32098553 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220905654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The optimal choice of salvage therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma or Hodgkin lymphoma remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to share our experience in relapsed/refractory lymphoma patients who received GDP/R-GDP as salvage chemotherapy in our center. Data of 47 relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients who received GDP or R-GDP as salvage chemotherapy in our center between July 2014 and October 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma patients were divided into two groups as primary refractory and relapsed. The one-year overall survival was 100% (for relapsed) and 36.9% (for refractory) in the non-Hodgkin lymphoma groups, and 82.5% (for relapsed) and 80% (for refractory) in the Hodgkin lymphoma group. The one-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 72.7% (for relapsed) and 38.5% (for refractory) in patients with NHL, and 41% (for relapsed) and 18.2% (for refractory) in patients with HL. GDP/R-GDP seems to be a well-tolerated out-patient salvage regimen for relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Although proven efficacy, negative toxicity profile, and ease of administration, the application of gemcitabine-based therapy for patients with primary refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma provided limited success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmettullah Batgi
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alparslan Merdin
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Dal
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merih Kızıl Çakar
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jale Yıldız
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semih Başçı
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahar Uncu Ulu
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Nur Yiğenoğlu
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tahir Darçın
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Şahin
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bakırtaş
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Tetik
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dicle İskender
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fevzi Altuntaş
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, Ankara Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Gutierrez A. Current Real-Life Results and Future Options of Gemcitabine-Based Salvage Therapy for Relapsed or Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Acta Haematol 2019; 141:187-188. [PMID: 30836362 DOI: 10.1159/000496915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gutierrez
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Hematology, Son Espases University Hospital, IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain,
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Smith SD. Gemcitabine: End of a Chemotherapy's Era? Acta Haematol 2019; 141:91-92. [PMID: 30630165 DOI: 10.1159/000496098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA,
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