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Yu SS, Du JL. Current views on selenoprotein S in the pathophysiological processes of diabetes-induced atherosclerosis: potential therapeutics and underlying biomarkers. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:5. [PMID: 38172976 PMCID: PMC10763436 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) consistently ranks as the primary mortality factor among diabetic people. A thorough comprehension of the pathophysiological routes and processes activated by atherosclerosis (AS) caused by diabetes mellitus (DM), together with the recognition of new contributing factors, could lead to the discovery of crucial biomarkers and the development of innovative drugs against atherosclerosis. Selenoprotein S (SELENOS) has been implicated in the pathology and progression of numerous conditions, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR)-all recognized contributors to endothelial dysfunction (ED), a precursor event to diabetes-induced AS. Hepatic-specific deletion of SELENOS accelerated the onset and progression of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and increased hepatic triglycerides (TG) and diacylglycerol (DAG) accumulation; SELENOS expression in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue was elevated in obese human subjects, and act as a positive regulator for adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes; knockdown of SELENOS in Min6 β-cells induced β-cell apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation. SELENOS also participates in the early stages of AS, notably by enhancing endothelial function, curbing the expression of adhesion molecules, and lessening leukocyte recruitment-actions that collectively reduce the formation of foam cells. Furthermore, SELENOS forestalls the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and macrophages, mitigates vascular calcification, and alleviates inflammation in macrophages and CD4+ T cells. These actions help stifle the creation of unstable plaque characterized by thinner fibrous caps, larger necrotic cores, heightened inflammation, and more extensive vascular calcification-features seen in advanced atherosclerotic lesion development. Additionally, serum SELENOS could function as a potential biomarker, and SELENOS single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs4965814, rs28628459, and rs9806366, might be effective gene markers for atherosclerosis-related diseases in diabetes. This review accentuates the pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis in diabetes and amasses current evidence on SELENOS's potential therapeutic benefits or as predictive biomarkers in the various stages of diabetes-induced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases and the Vascular Complications, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian-Ling Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases and the Vascular Complications, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
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Ghelichkhani F, Gonzalez FA, Kapitonova MA, Schaefer-Ramadan S, Liu J, Cheng R, Rozovsky S. Selenoprotein S: A versatile disordered protein. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 731:109427. [PMID: 36241082 PMCID: PMC10026367 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein S (selenos) is a small, intrinsically disordered membrane protein that is associated with various cellular functions, such as inflammatory processes, cellular stress response, protein quality control, and signaling pathways. It is primarily known for its contribution to the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which governs the extraction of misfolded proteins or misassembled protein complexes from the ER to the cytosol for degradation by the proteasome. However, selenos's other cellular roles in signaling are equally vital, including the control of transcription factors and cytokine levels. Consequently, genetic polymorphisms of selenos are associated with increased risk for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, while high expression levels correlate with poor prognosis in several cancers. Its inhibitory role in cytokine secretion is also exploited by viruses. Since selenos binds multiple protein complexes, however, its specific contributions to various cellular pathways and diseases have been difficult to establish. Thus, the precise cellular functions of selenos and their interconnectivity have only recently begun to emerge. This review aims to summarize recent insights into the structure, interactome, and cellular roles of selenos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Ghelichkhani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Fabio A Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Mariia A Kapitonova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Enlaza Therapeutics, 11099 N. Torrey Pines Rd, suite 290, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rujin Cheng
- NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., 333 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Sharon Rozovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Zhang F, Zhou X, Zou H, Liu L, Li X, Ruan Y, Xie Y, Shi M, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Guo B. SAA1 is transcriptionally activated by STAT3 and accelerates renal interstitial fibrosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112856. [PMID: 34597680 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is the common irreversible pathway by which chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses to the end stage. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a common factor leading to inflammation-mediated RIF, but its downstream regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that serum amyloid A protein 1 (SAA1) was one of the target genes for transcriptional activation of STAT3 signaling. As an acute phase reaction protein, SAA1 plays an important role in many inflammatory reactions, and research has suggested that SAA1 is significantly elevated in the serum of patients with CKD. In this research, multiple experiments were performed to investigate the role of SAA1 in the process of RIF. SAA1 was abnormally highly expressed in kidney tissue from individuals who underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and TGF-β-induced HK2 cells, and the abnormal expression was directly related to the transcriptional activation of STAT3. Additionally, SAA1 can directly target and bind valosin-containing protein (VCP)-interacting membrane selenoprotein (VIMP) to inhibit the function of the Derlin-1/VCP/VIMP complex, preventing the transportation and degradation of the misfolded protein, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress characterized by an increase in glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) levels and ultimately promoting the occurrence and development of RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Huimei Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Nephrology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuansheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Yu Z, He H, Chen Y, Ji Q, Sun M. A novel ferroptosis related gene signature is associated with prognosis in patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11486. [PMID: 34075060 PMCID: PMC8169824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OV) is a common type of carcinoma in females. Many studies have reported that ferroptosis is associated with the prognosis of OV patients. However, the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. We utilized Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify ferroptosis-related genes in OV. In the present study, we applied Cox regression analysis to select hub genes and used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to construct a prognosis prediction model with mRNA expression profiles and clinical data from TCGA. A series of analyses for this signature was performed in TCGA. We then verified the identified signature using International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) data. After a series of analyses, we identified six hub genes (DNAJB6, RB1, VIMP/ SELENOS, STEAP3, BACH1, and ALOX12) that were then used to construct a model using a training data set. The model was then tested using a validation data set and was found to have high sensitivity and specificity. The identified ferroptosis-related hub genes might play a critical role in the mechanism of OV development. The gene signature we identified may be useful for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Yu
- Basic Medicine College, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiyan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine,Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuhe Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Integrated Analysis to Study the Relationship between Tumor-Associated Selenoproteins: Focus on Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186694. [PMID: 32933107 PMCID: PMC7555134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are proteins that contain selenium within selenocysteine residues. To date, twenty-five mammalian selenoproteins have been identified; however, the functions of nearly half of these selenoproteins are unknown. Although alterations in selenoprotein expression and function have been suggested to play a role in cancer development and progression, few detailed studies have been carried out in this field. Network analyses and data mining of publicly available datasets on gene expression levels in different cancers, and the correlations with patient outcome, represent important tools to study the correlation between selenoproteins and other proteins present in the human interactome, and to determine whether altered selenoprotein expression is cancer type-specific, and/or correlated with cancer patient prognosis. Therefore, in the present study, we used bioinformatics approaches to (i) build up the network of interactions between twenty-five selenoproteins and identify the most inter-correlated proteins/genes, which are named HUB nodes; and (ii) analyze the correlation between selenoprotein gene expression and patient outcome in ten solid tumors. Then, considering the need to confirm by experimental approaches the correlations suggested by the bioinformatics analyses, we decided to evaluate the gene expression levels of the twenty-five selenoproteins and six HUB nodes in androgen receptor-positive (22RV1 and LNCaP) and androgen receptor-negative (DU145 and PC3) cell lines, compared to human nontransformed, and differentiated, prostate epithelial cells (EPN) by RT-qPCR analysis. This analysis confirmed that the combined evaluation of some selenoproteins and HUB nodes could have prognostic value and may improve patient outcome predictions.
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