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Hirsch L, Huang Y, Makse HA, Martinez DF, Hughes M, Eskreis-Winkler S, Pinker K, Morris E, Parra LC, Sutton EJ. [WITHDRAWN] Predicting breast cancer with AI for individual risk-adjusted MRI screening and early detection. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2312.00067v2. [PMID: 38076513 PMCID: PMC10705586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper has been withdrawn by Lukas Hirsch. Major revisions and rewriting in progress.
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Kendel F, Speiser D, Fechner K, Olbrich C, Stegen S, Rörig A, Feufel MA, Haering S. Talking about Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk-Evaluation of a Psychosocial Training Module for Gynecologists in Germany. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:310. [PMID: 38254800 PMCID: PMC10813984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary care gynecologists are increasingly integrated into the care of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) risks. These physicians should not only have basic genetic knowledge; they should also feel able to sensitively address an increased HBOC risk and deal with emotional, stressful situations in this context. Our project aimed at developing a training module, 'iKNOWgynetics', addressing psychosocial challenges in the context of HBOC care for primary care gynecologists. We developed the psychosocial training module in three phases: first, we conducted an online survey with n = 35 women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer to assess patients' experiences and needs. Second, based on the results of the needs assessment, we developed the training module. Third, we evaluated the training by assessing physicians' (n = 109) self-efficacy with regard to communication skills in the context of HBOC before and after the training. In the needs assessment, seven psychosocial themes emerged. These themes, complementing a review of the literature, informed the training curriculum. The training was divided into two parts: (1) communicating with women before genetic testing and (2) care co-management for women with HBOC after genetic testing. After the training, participants reported a significant increase in self-efficacy in three domains: communicating empathetically, educating patients in a comprehensible way and dealing with emotionally challenging situations. Our results highlight the relevance of psychosocial issues for patients with HBOC. A genetic literacy training module that integrates aspects of psychosocial care increases physicians' confidence in dealing with emotionally challenging situations before and after their patients' genetic testing. Thus, such trainings may improve the care of women with hereditary cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Kendel
- Gender in Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Dorothee Speiser
- Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (D.S.); (K.F.); (C.O.); (S.S.)
| | - Karen Fechner
- Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (D.S.); (K.F.); (C.O.); (S.S.)
| | - Christine Olbrich
- Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (D.S.); (K.F.); (C.O.); (S.S.)
| | - Stephanie Stegen
- Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (D.S.); (K.F.); (C.O.); (S.S.)
- BRCA-Netzwerk e.V., Thomas-Mann-Str. 40, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alina Rörig
- Division of Ergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics (IPA), Technische Universität Berlin, Marchstr. 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Markus A. Feufel
- Division of Ergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics (IPA), Technische Universität Berlin, Marchstr. 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany; (A.R.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Stephanie Haering
- Gender in Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
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Gallagher JH, Vassy JL, Clayman ML. Navigating the uncertainty of precision cancer screening: The role of shared decision-making. PEC INNOVATION 2023; 2:100127. [PMID: 37214512 PMCID: PMC10194244 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Describe how applying a shared decision making (SDM) lens to the implementation of new technologies can improve patient-centeredness. Methods This paper argues that the emergence of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for cancer screening presents an illustrative opportunity to include SDM when novel technologies enter clinical care. Results PRS are novel tools that indicate an individual's genetic risk of a given disease relative to the population. PRS are anticipated to help identify individuals most and least likely to benefit from screening. However, PRS have several types of uncertainty, including validity across populations, disparate computational methods, and inclusion of different genomic data across laboratories. Conclusion Implementing SDM alongside new technologies could prove useful for their ethical and patient-centered utilization. SDM's importance as an approach to decision-making will not diminish, as evidence, uncertainty, and patient values will remain intrinsic to the art and science of clinical care. Innovation SDM can help providers and patients navigate the considerable uncertainty inherent in implementing new technologies, enabling decision-making based on existing evidence and patient values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H. Gallagher
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Jason L. Vassy
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Veterans Health Administration, Bedford MA and Boston MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA United States
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Population Precision Health, Ariadne Labs, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marla L. Clayman
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Veterans Health Administration, Bedford MA and Boston MA, United States
- UMass Chan School of Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Worcester, MA, United States
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Speiser D, Bick U. Primary Prevention and Early Detection of Hereditary Breast Cancer. Breast Care (Basel) 2023; 18:448-454. [PMID: 38125920 PMCID: PMC10730103 DOI: 10.1159/000533391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary prevention and early detection of hereditary breast cancer has been one of the main topics of breast cancer research in recent decades. The knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer has been increasing continuously just like the recommendations for risk management. Pathogenic germline variants (mutations, class 4/5) of risk genes are significant susceptibility factors in healthy individuals. At the same time, germline mutations serve as biomarkers for targeted therapy in breast cancer treatment. Therefore, management of healthy mutation carriers to enable primary prevention is in the focus as much as the consideration of pathogenic germline variants for therapeutic decisions. Since 1996, the German Consortium has provided quality-assured care for counselees and patients with familial burden of breast and ovarian cancer. Summary Currently, there are 23 university centers with over 100 cooperating DKG-certified breast and gynecological cancer centers. These centers provide standardized, evidence-based, and knowledge-generating care, which includes aspects of primary as well as secondary and tertiary prevention. An important aspect of quality assurance and development was the inclusion of the HBOC centers in the certification system of the German Cancer Society (GCS). Since 2020, the centers have been regularly audited and their quality standards continuously reviewed according to quality indicators adapted to the current state of research. The standard of care at GC-HBOC' centers involves the evaluation as well as evolution of various aspects of care like inclusion criteria, identification of new risk genes, management of variants of unknown significance (class 3), evaluation of risk-reducing options, intensified surveillance, and communication of risks. Among these, the possibility of intensified surveillance in the GC-HBOC for early detection of breast cancer is an important component of individual risk management for many counselees. As has been shown in recent years, in carriers of pathogenic variants in high-risk genes, this approach enables the detection of breast cancer at very early, more favorable stages although no reduction of mortality has been demonstrated yet. The key component of the intensified surveillance is annual contrast-enhanced breast MRI, supplemented by up to biannual breast ultrasound and mammography usually starting at age 40. Key Messages Apart from early detection, the central goal of care is the prevention of cancer. By utilizing individualized risk calculation, the optimal timeframe for risk-reducing surgery can be estimated, and counselees can be supported in reaching preference-sensitive decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Speiser
- HBOC-Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bick
- HBOC-Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Archibugi L, Capurso G, Canto MI. Cost-effectiveness of pancreatic cancer screening: Time for a more tailored approach. United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:264-266. [PMID: 36938945 PMCID: PMC10083457 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Archibugi
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Capurso
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcia Irene Canto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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"It Will Lead You to Make Better Decisions about Your Health"-A Focus Group and Survey Study on Women's Attitudes towards Risk-Based Breast Cancer Screening and Personalised Risk Assessments. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9181-9198. [PMID: 36547133 PMCID: PMC9776908 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Singapore launched a population-based organised mammography screening (MAM) programme in 2002. However, uptake is low. A better understanding of breast cancer (BC) risk factors has generated interest in shifting from a one-size-fits-all to a risk-based screening approach. However, public acceptability of the change is lacking. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with 54 women (median age 37.5 years) with no BC history. Eight online sessions were transcribed, coded, and thematically analysed. Additionally, we surveyed 993 participants in a risk-based MAM study on how they felt in anticipation of receiving their risk profiles. Attitudes towards MAM (e.g., fear, low perceived risk) have remained unchanged for ~25 years. However, FGD participants reported that they would be more likely to attend routine mammography after having their BC risks assessed, despite uncertainty and concerns about risk-based screening. This insight was reinforced by the survey participants reporting more positive than negative feelings before receiving their risk reports. There is enthusiasm in knowing personal disease risk but concerns about the level of support for individuals learning they are at higher risk for breast cancer. Our results support the empowering of Singaporean women with personal health information to improve MAM uptake.
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