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Maza-Solano S, Baus-Domínguez M, Romero-Ruíz MM, Gutiérrez-Corrales A, Torres-Lagares D, Serrera-Figallo MÁ. Prospective observational cohort study of the change of the marginal bone crest in relation to the prosthetic abutment height and the peri-implant vertical mucosal thickness at implants positioned subcrestally. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024. [PMID: 38808756 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the influence on peri-implant crestal bone loss exerted by the vertical mucosal thickness and the abutment height over 12 months after placement of the restoration on subcrestal implants with change of platform, using a restoration abutment platform smaller than the implant platform. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 99 implants were rehabilitated in the maxillary and mandibular posterior regions. A total of 22 implants were rehabilitated in the maxilla and 77 implants in the mandible, using digitally designed customized abutments with Atlantis weborder software, from the commercial house Dentsply Sirona (Dentsply Sirona S.A., Barcelona, Spain), version 4.6.5, adapting the height to the vertical thickness of the mucosa. Clinical and radiographic monitoring begins during the surgical procedure of placement of the implant and ends 12 months afterwards. Crestal bone loss was evaluated through the Carestream® CS8100 3D radiographic equipment. RESULTS In all cases, the greatest loss of marginal bone occurred between the day of surgery (Tx) and placement of the rehabilitation (To). The average bone loss between both times was greater when the abutment height and vertical mucosal thickness did not exceed 3 mm. Subsequently, bone loss slowed and stabilized at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The minimum abutment height and the vertical mucosal thickness are factors to take into account when minimizing peri-implant marginal bone loss, the abutment height having the greatest importance according to the clinical data obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafín Maza-Solano
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - María Baus-Domínguez
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Aida Gutiérrez-Corrales
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Lagares
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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Lee Y, Lee JT, Han HS, Oh S, Cho YD, Kim S. Gingival biotype modification with collagen matrix or autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft: Histologic and volumetric analyses in a beagle model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15026. [PMID: 37151660 PMCID: PMC10161361 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the volumetric effect and biocompatibility of porcine tendon-derived type I collagen matrix graft (CG) in gingival biotype modification (GBM) compared with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) in a beagle model. Methods Surface analysis using scanning electron microscopy and a collagen degradation assay of CG was performed in vitro. Six adult dogs were used in in vivo experiment, and each received autologous SCTG or CG at the anterior side. Histometric and three-dimensional digital volume analyses were conducted to compare quantitative changes in CG and SCTG in GBM. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for the qualitative evaluation of CG compared to SCTG. Results CG had a double-layered structure, and its degradation was slower than that of other well-reported materials. No critical problems were associated with the healing procedure. Changes in gingival thickness and volume in the CG and SCTG groups were equivalent, with no significant differences between the groups. Type I collagen and vascular endothelial growth factor expression levels were similar in both groups. Significance CG and SCTG had equivalent potential for GBM in terms of quantity and quality. Additionally, CG could be used as a reasonable substitute for SCTG, making surgery convenient and predicting successful clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsub Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Tae Lee
- Department of Periodontics, One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University, Dental Hospital, Seoul 05698, South Korea
| | - Hee-seung Han
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seunghan Oh
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, The Institute of Biomaterial and Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Young-Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungtae Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University ,101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
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Tang P, Meng Z, Song X, Huang J, Su C, Li L. Influence of different mucosal phenotype on early and long-term marginal bone loss around implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1391-1407. [PMID: 36800027 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of different mucosal phenotypes on peri-implant marginal bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search was conducted in five databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science (until 1st Sept. 2022) to identify relevant clinical studies. Potentially relevant journals were also manually searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the studies. Prospective clinical trials and observational studies investigating peri-implant marginal bone loss in thick-mucosa and thin-mucosa groups were included. RESULTS A total of 14 studies were included in this systematic review. Results of the meta-analysis revealed a weighted mean difference of 0.38 mm for marginal bone loss between thick- and thin-mucosa groups (95% confidence interval = 0.02-0.74, P = 0.002). Statistical significance existed in short-term (follow-up ≤ 1 year) data (WMD = 0.41 mm, 95%CI = 0.11-0.70, P = 0.007), but not in long term (follow-up ≥ 3 y) data (WMD = 0.17 mm, 95%CI = - 0.02-0.36, P = 0.07). Survival rate revealed no difference between thick and thin mucosa groups. In subgroup analyses, a positive association between thick mucosa and less marginal bone loss was found in the non-submerged group, cement-retained group, and bone-level group. CONCLUSIONS A significantly less marginal bone loss occurred in implants with thick mucosa than with thin mucosa in the short term, whereas no significant difference was observed in the long term. Due to the substantial heterogeneity and limited long-term data, further high-quality evidence is warranted to confirm the results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians are advised to use caution in treating patients with thin mucosa and adhere closely to indications and protocols to minimize marginal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhou Tang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ziyan Meng
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chuan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Monje A, González-Martín O, Ávila-Ortiz G. Impact of peri-implant soft tissue characteristics on health and esthetics. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:183-196. [PMID: 36650691 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the impact of key peri-implant soft tissue characteristics on health and esthetics. MAIN CONSIDERATIONS The keratinized mucosa width (KMW), the mucosal thickness (MT), and the supracrestal tissue height (STH) are essential components of the peri-implant soft tissue phenotype. An inadequate KMW (<2 mm) has been associated with local discomfort upon oral hygiene performance and increased risk for the onset of peri-implant diseases. A minimum buccal MT (≥2 mm) is generally required to prevent esthetic issues related to the effect of transmucosal prosthetic elements on the color of the mucosa and can also contribute to long-term mucosal stability. STH is directly related to marginal bone remodeling patterns during the early healing process that follows the connection of transmucosal prosthetic components. Short STH, generally defined as <3 mm, has been consistently associated with marginal bone loss resulting from the physiologic establishment of the mucosal seal. Insufficient STH may also derive into the fabrication of unfavorable transmucosal prosthetic contours, which frequently results in unpleasing esthetic outcomes and predisposes to submarginal biofilm accumulation. Peri-implant soft tissue dehiscences (PISTDs) are a type of peri-implant deformity that are associated with esthetic issues and often occur in sites presenting KMW, MT, and/or STH deficiencies. PISTDs should be correctly diagnosed and treated accordingly, usually by means of multidisciplinary therapy. CONCLUSION Understanding the impact of different dimensional and morphologic features of the peri-implant mucosa on health and esthetic outcomes is fundamental to make appropriate clinical decisions in the context of tooth replacement therapy with implant-supported prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Monje
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oscar González-Martín
- Private Practice, Atelier Dental Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Periodontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Ávila-Ortiz
- Private Practice, Atelier Dental Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA.,Department of Periodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Pérez‐Sayans M, Castelo‐Baz P, Penarrocha‐Oltra D, Seijas‐Naya F, Conde‐Amboage M, Somoza‐Martín JM. Impact of abutment geometry on early implant marginal bone loss. A double-blind, randomized, 6-month clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:1038-1048. [PMID: 35869615 PMCID: PMC9796139 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the abutment width on early marginal bone loss (MBL). MATERIAL AND METHODS A balanced, randomized, double-blind clinical trial with two parallel experimental arms was conducted without a control group. The arms were "cylindrical" abutment and "concave" abutment. Eighty hexagonal internal connection implants, each with a diameter of 4 × 10 mm, were placed in healed mature bone. The main variable was the peri-implant tissue stability, which was measured as MBL at 8 weeks and 6 months. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 77 implants that were placed in 25 patients. 38 (49.4%) were placed using the cylindrical abutment, and the other 39 (50.6%) were placed using the concave abutment. The early global MBL of -0.6 ± 0.7 mm in the cylindrical abutment group was significantly higher than it was in the concave abutment group, in which the early global MBL was -0.4 ± 0.6 mm (p = .030). The estimated effect size (ES) was negative for the cylindrical abutment (ES = -1.3730, CI -2.5919 to -0.1327; t-value = -2.4893; p = .0139), therefore implying a loss of mean bone level, and it was positive for the concave abutment (ES = 2.8231; CI: 1.4379 to 4.2083; t-value = 4.0957; p = .0002), therefore implying an increase in the average bone level. CONCLUSIONS The concave abutments presented significantly less early MBL at 6 months post-loading than classical cylindrical abutments did.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pérez‐Sayans
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Pablo Castelo‐Baz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | | | - Flavio Seijas‐Naya
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Mercedes Conde‐Amboage
- CITMAgaSantiago de CompostelaSpain,Department of Statistics, Mathematical Analysis and Optimization, Models of Optimization, Decision, Statistics and Applications Reseach Group (MODESTYA)Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - José M. Somoza‐Martín
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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Covariates Relating to Implant Failure and Marginal Bone Loss of a Novel Triangular Neck-Implant Placed by Post-Graduate Students: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15061987. [PMID: 35329438 PMCID: PMC8952199 DOI: 10.3390/ma15061987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Most of the clinical literature dealing with dental implants has been issued by experienced teams working either in university settings or in private practice. The purpose of this study was to identify contributing covariates to implant failure and marginal bone loss (MBL) at the 1-year follow-up of a novel triangular-neck implant design when placed by inexperienced post-graduate students. (2) Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on study participants eligible for implant placement at the UIC (International University of Catalonia), Barcelona, Spain. Implant failure rate and contributors to implant failure and MBL were investigated among 24 implant and patient variables. (3) Results: One hundred and twenty implants (V3, MIS) were placed and rehabilitated by the students. The mean insertion torque was 37.1 Ncm. Survival and success rates were 97.5% and 96.7%, respectively. Implants placed in patients with smoking habits displayed a tendency of higher failure risk (OR = 5.31, p = 0.17) when compared to non-smokers. The mean (SD) MBL was 0.51 (0.44) mm. Gender significantly affected the MBL (p = 0.020). Bleeding on probing (BoP) on the buccal sites proved to be a good predictor of proximal MBL (p = 0.030). (4) Conclusions: The survival and success rates of the V3 triangular-neck implant placed by inexperienced post-graduate students at the 1-year follow-up were high and similar to the ones published in the literature by experienced teams on other implants.
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Lysov A, Saadoun A. Esthetic And Functional Integration Of Soft Tissue Around Dental Implants: Thickness, Width, Stability. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 48:S1-S8. [PMID: 34965296 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-21-00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The long-term Functional success of the implant treatment depends on the stability of the crestal bone tissue around the implant platform. The Esthetic result is achieved by an adequate soft tissue in the peri-implant zone. Furthermore, the soft tissue creates the buffer area that ensures the mechanical and biological protection of the underlying bone. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain for a long term, not only the implant osseointegration but also the integration of the soft tissue around the Sub and Supra-structure of the restoration. In order to create the protective soft tissue area, it is necessary to ensure three criteria. This treatment approach will be defined as the TWS - Soft Tissue Management : T for Thickness , W for Width, and S for Stability . The purpose of this article is to present with clinical cases, the detailed description of each criteria. There are many ways to achieve the two first criteria and they are well described in the literature. Achieving the third criteria of the Stability become possible only in the last years since the development of the digital technology and its implementation into the dental practice. A one time abutment and the creation of peri- implant mucosal thickness with an optimal amount of the attached keratinized gingiva above and around the implant platform, for muco-gingival integration of the system, are therefore a prerequisite for functional and esthetic result. The article presents the possibility for the clinicians to use in their daily practice this new clinical approach of TWS - Soft Tissue Management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andre Saadoun
- Saadoun Andre Dentistry 78 Rue de la Faisanderie FRANCE Paris Paris 75116
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8
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Camacho-Alonso F, Salinas J, Sánchez-Siles M, Pato-Mourelo J, Cotrina-Veizaga BD, Ortega N. Synergistic antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy and chitosan on the titanium-adherent biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An in vitro study. J Periodontol 2021; 93:e104-e115. [PMID: 34541685 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no studies on the combined use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chitosan against peri-implantitis have been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible synergistic antimicrobial effect of PDT and chitosan on the titanium-adherent biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS A total of 60 titanium discs were included in this study. The discs were randomized into three bacterial contaminations (n = 20 discs per bacterium). After being cultured (incubated for 48 hours) they were randomized again into four different disinfection modalities (n = 5 discs per treatment): control (without treatment), PDT, chitosan 3 mg/mL, and PDT + chitosan 3 mg/mL. After the treatments, the colony forming units (CFU) were measured to determine antimicrobial effects, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to study cell morphology and titanium adherence. RESULTS For all the evaluated bacteria and all the variables studied the order from highest to lowest antimicrobial effectiveness was: PDT + chitosan 3 mg/mL > chitosan 3 mg/mL > PDT > control. Although, all disinfection methods were significantly effective when compared to control, the combined treatment of PDT + chitosan 3 mg/mL had the greatest antimicrobial effect against the three studied bacteria. CONCLUSIONS The combination of PDT and chitosan has a synergistic antimicrobial effect against the bacteria S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, all closely related to peri-implantitis. However, further in vivo studies are needed because this study provides data based on an in vitro scenario that might not be extrapolated to patients with peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Salinas
- Department of Animal Health, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Nieves Ortega
- Department of Animal Health, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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The Effect of Controlled Diabetes and Hyperglycemia on Implant Placement with Simultaneous Horizontal Guided Bone Regeneration: A Clinical Retrospective Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9931505. [PMID: 34222488 PMCID: PMC8219425 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9931505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes represents a challenge in implant therapy because hyperglycemia may negatively affect bone regeneration, directly compromising clinical outcomes and increasing clinical failures. The aim of this retrospective study is to analyse the prognostic significance of HbA1c levels in patients undergoing implant placement associated with horizontal guided bone regeneration. Thirty-four patients were divided into 3 groups according to their HbA1c levels: nondiabetic normoglycemic patients (HbA1c < 5.7%), nondiabetic hyperglycemic patients (HbA1c < 6.5%), and controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c < 7%). Primary outcomes were dimensional changes in height (VDH) and width (DW) of the peri-implant defect. Secondary outcomes were evaluations of periodontal parameters of adjacent tooth sites, wound healing, marginal bone loss (MBL), and survival and success rates. At T1 (6 months), mean VDH values in groups 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 0.07, 0.5, and 0.25 mm. Mean DW values in those same groups were, respectively, 0.07, 0.38, and 0.33 mm. HbA1c levels were not statistically related to VDH and DW values at T1. No statistically significant differences were observed in MBL between groups (p = 0.230). Implant survival and success rates were, respectively, 98% and 96%. Simultaneous guided bone regeneration is a feasible procedure for the treatment of horizontal bone deficiencies in controlled diabetic patients.
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10
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Variations in vertical mucosal thickness at edentulous ridge according to site and gender measured by cone-beam computed tomography. Int J Implant Dent 2021; 7:34. [PMID: 33977359 PMCID: PMC8113432 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-021-00319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The vertical thickness of the peri-implant mucosa is associated with the amount of post treatment marginal bone loss. However, the variations in mucosal thickness at the different edentulous sites have been sparsely documented. The purpose of the study was to conduct a survey of the frequency distribution of variations in mucosal thickness at the different sites of the edentulous alveolar ridge and to compare them according to gender. Our study included 125 partially edentulous patients having a total of 296 implant sites. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained by placing a diagnostic template with a radiopaque crown indicator on the ridge to determine the mucosal thickness at the crest of the alveolar ridge. Results The mucosal thickness was 3.0±1.3 mm in the maxilla, which was significantly greater than the mucosal thickness of 2.0±1.0 mm in the mandible (p<0.001). In both the maxilla and the mandible, the mucosa was the thickest in the anterior region, followed by the premolar and molar regions. Sites were further classified into two groups based on whether the mucosal thickness was greater than 2 mm. In the mandible, more than half of the sites showed a mucosal thickness of 2 mm or less. Conclusions Although this study was a limited preoperative study, the vertical mucosal thickness at the edentulous ridge differed between the maxillary and mandibular regions. The majority of sites in the mandibular molar region had a mucosal thickness of less than 2 mm. Practitioners might be able to develop an optimal dental implant treatment plan for long-term biologic and esthetic stability by considering these factors.
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Tabanella G. Buccal Pedicle Flap Technique Combined With Porcine Collagen Matrix for Volumetric Augmentation of Peri‐Implant Mucosa. Clin Adv Periodontics 2020; 12:5-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cap.10128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Factors Affecting Implant Failure and Marginal Bone Loss of Implants Placed by Post-Graduate Students: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204511. [PMID: 33053722 PMCID: PMC7601912 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Statement of the problem: Most of the clinical documentation of implant success and survival published in the literature have been issued by either experienced teams from university settings involving strict patient selection criteria or from seasoned private practitioners. By contrast, studies focusing on implants placed and rehabilitated by inexperienced post-graduate students are scarce. Purpose: To record failure rates and identify the contributing factors to implant failure and marginal bone loss (MBL) of implants placed and rehabilitated by inexperienced post-graduate students at the one-year follow-up. Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on study participants scheduled for implant therapy at the International University of Catalonia. An experienced mentor determined the treatment plan in accordance with the need of each participant who signed an informed consent. All surgeries and prosthetic rehabilitation were performed by the post-graduate students. Implant failure rate, contributors to implant failure, and MBL were investigated among 24 variables related to patient health, local site, and implant and prosthetic characteristics. The risk of implant failure was analyzed with a simple binary logistic regression model with generalized equation equations (GEE) models, obtaining unadjusted odds ratios (OR). The relationship between MBL and the other independent variables was studied by simple linear regression estimated with GEE models and the Wald chi2 test. Results: One hundred and thirty dental implants have been placed and rehabilitated by post-graduate students. Five implants failed before loading and none after restoration delivery; survival and success rates were 96.15% and 94.62%, respectively. None of the investigated variables significantly affected the implant survival rate. At the one-year follow-up, the mean (SD) MBL was 0.53 (0.39) mm. The following independent variables significantly affected the MBL: Diabetes, implant depth placement. The width of keratinized tissue (KT) and probing depth (PD) above 3 mm were found to be good indicators of MBL, with each additional mm of probing depth resulting in 0.11 mm more MBL. Conclusion: The survival and success rates of dental implants placed and rehabilitated by inexperienced post-graduate students at the one-year follow-up were high. No contributing factor was identified regarding implant failure. However, several factors significantly affected MBL: Diabetes, implant depth placement, PD, and width of KT. Clinical Implications: Survival and success rates of dental implants placed and rehabilitated by inexperienced post-graduate students were high at the one-year follow-up, similar to experienced practitioners. No contributing factors were identified regarding implant failure; however, several factors significantly affected MBL: Diabetes, implant depth placement, PD, and KM.
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13
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Di Gianfilippo R, Valente NA, Toti P, Wang HL, Barone A. Influence of implant mucosal thickness on early bone loss: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2020; 50:209-225. [PMID: 32643328 PMCID: PMC7443387 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.1904440222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Marginal bone loss (MBL) is an important clinical issue in implant therapy. One feature that has been cited as a contributing factor to this bone loss is peri-implant mucosal thickness. Therefore, in this report, we conducted a systematic review of the literature comparing bone remodeling around implants placed in areas with thick (≥2-mm) vs. thin (<2-mm) mucosa. Methods A PICO question was defined. Manual and electronic searches were performed of the MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochrane Oral Health Group databases. The inclusion criteria were prospective studies that documented soft tissue thickness with direct intraoperative measurements and that included at least 1 year of follow-up. When possible, a meta-analysis was performed for both the overall and subgroup analyses. Results Thirteen papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of 7 randomized clinical trials was conducted. Significantly less bone loss was found around implants with thick mucosa than around those with thin mucosa (difference, −0.53 mm; P<0.0001). Subgroups were analyzed regarding the apico-coronal positioning, the use of platform-matched vs. platform-switched (PS) connections, and the use of cement-retained vs. screw-retained prostheses. In these analyses, thick mucosa was found to be associated with significantly less MBL than thin mucosa (P<0.0001). Among non-matching (PS) connections and screw-retained prostheses, bone levels were not affected by mucosal thickness. Conclusions Soft tissue thickness was found to be correlated with MBL except in cases of PS connections used on implants with thin tissues and screw-retained prostheses. Mucosal thickness did not affect implant survival or the occurrence of biological or aesthetic complications. Trial Registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42018084598
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Gianfilippo
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Nicola Alberto Valente
- Department of Stomatology, University of Seville Faculty of Dentistry, Seville, Spain.,Formerly - Unit of Oral Surgery and Implantology, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Toti
- Department of Multidisciplinary Regenerative Research, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | - Hom Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonio Barone
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Needs Pathologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Radaelli MTB, Federizzi L, Nascimento GG, Leite FRM, Boscato N. Early‐predictors of marginal bone loss around morse taper connection implants loaded with single crowns: A prospective longitudinal study. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:174-181. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel T. B. Radaelli
- Department of Prosthodontics Meridional Center of Dentistry Studies Passo Fundo Brazil
| | - Leonardo Federizzi
- Department of Prosthodontics Meridional Center of Dentistry Studies Passo Fundo Brazil
| | - Gustavo G. Nascimento
- Section of Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Fábio R. M. Leite
- Section of Periodontology Department of Dentistry and Oral Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Noéli Boscato
- Graduate Program in Dentistry School of Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
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15
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de Siqueira RAC, Savaget Gonçalves Junior R, Dos Santos PGF, de Mattias Sartori IA, Wang HL, Fontão FNGK. Effect of different implant placement depths on crestal bone levels and soft tissue behavior: A 5-year randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:282-293. [PMID: 31886592 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This randomized clinical trial analyzed the long-term (5-year) crestal bone changes and soft tissue dimensions surrounding implants with an internal tapered connection placed in the anterior mandibular region at different depths (equi- and subcrestal). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven edentulous patients were randomly divided in a split-mouth design: 28 equicrestal implants (G1) and 27 subcrestal (1-3 mm) implants (G2). Five implants were placed per patient. All implants were immediately loaded. Standardized intraoral radiographs were used to evaluate crestal bone (CB) changes. Patients were assessed immediately, 4, 8, and 60 months after implant placement. The correlation between vertical mucosal thickness (VMT) and soft tissue recession was analyzed. Sub-group analysis was also performed to evaluate the correlation between VMT and CB loss. Rank-based ANOVA was used for comparison between groups (α = .05). RESULTS Fifty-five implants (G1 = 28 and G2 = 27) were assessed. Implant and prosthetic survival rate were 100%. Subcrestal positioning resulted in less CB loss (-0.80 mm) when compared to equicrestal position (-0.99 mm), although the difference was not statistically significant (p > .05). Significant CB loss was found within the G1 and G2 groups at two different measurement times (T4 and T60) (p < .05). Implant placement depths and VMT had no effect on soft tissue recession (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS There was no statistically significant difference in CB changes between subcrestal and equicrestal implant positioning; however, subcrestal position resulted in higher bone levels. Neither mucosal recession nor vertical mucosa thickness was influenced by different implant placement depths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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16
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Hosseini M, Worsaae N, Gotfredsen K. Tissue changes at implant sites in the anterior maxilla with and without connective tissue grafting: A five‐year prospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 31:18-28. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Hosseini
- Section of Oral Rehabilitation Department of Odontology Faculty of Health Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Nils Worsaae
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospital, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Klaus Gotfredsen
- Section of Oral Rehabilitation Department of Odontology Faculty of Health Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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17
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Influence of abutment height on peri-implant marginal bone loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:14-21.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Díaz‐Sánchez M, Soto‐Peñaloza D, Peñarrocha‐Oltra D, Peñarrocha‐Diago M. Influence of supracrestal tissue attachment thickness on radiographic bone level around dental implants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:573-588. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Díaz‐Sánchez
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - David Soto‐Peñaloza
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - David Peñarrocha‐Oltra
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - María Peñarrocha‐Diago
- Oral Surgery Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Valencia Valencia Spain
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Doornewaard R, Glibert M, Matthys C, Vervaeke S, Bronkhorst E, de Bruyn H. Improvement of Quality of Life with Implant-Supported Mandibular Overdentures and the Effect of Implant Type and Surgical Procedure on Bone and Soft Tissue Stability: A Three-Year Prospective Split-Mouth Trial. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060773. [PMID: 31159202 PMCID: PMC6617188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In fully edentulous patients, the support of a lower dental prosthesis by two implants could improve the chewing ability, retention, and stability of the prosthesis. Despite high success rates of dental implants, complications, such as peri-implantitis, do occur. The latter is a consequence of crestal bone loss and might be related to the implant surface and peri-implant soft tissue thickness. The aim of this paper is to describe the effect of implant surface roughness and soft tissue thickness on crestal bone remodeling, peri-implant health, and patient-centered outcomes. The mandibular overdenture supported by two implants is used as a split-mouth model to scrutinize these aims. The first study compared implants placed equicrestal to implants placed biologically (i.e., dependent on site-specific soft tissue thickness). The second clinical trial compared implants with a minimally to a moderately rough implant neck. Both studies reported an improvement in oral health-related quality of life and a stable peri-implant health after three years follow-up. Only equicrestal implant placement yielded significantly higher implant surface exposure, due to the establishment of the biologic width. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that an implant supported mandibular overdenture significantly improves the quality of life, with limited biologic complications and high survival rates of the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Doornewaard
- Department Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Glibert
- Department Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Carine Matthys
- Department Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stijn Vervaeke
- Department Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ewald Bronkhorst
- Section Implantology & Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Radboudumc, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hugo de Bruyn
- Department Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Dental School, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Section Implantology & Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Radboudumc, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Spinato S, Stacchi C, Lombardi T, Bernardello F, Messina M, Zaffe D. Biological width establishment around dental implants is influenced by abutment height irrespective of vertical mucosal thickness: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 30:649-659. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Stacchi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy
| | | | | | | | - Davide Zaffe
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
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21
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Effect of Primary Stability and Soft- and Hard-Tissue Thickness on Marginal Bone Loss: A Prospective Pilot Study. IMPLANT DENT 2019; 27:542-546. [PMID: 30188364 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare prospectively the effect of different insertion torques (ITs) on marginal bone stability and study the effect of soft-tissue and buccal bone thickness as confounding factors while using a 3-dimensional radiographic evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-nine implants were placed in 22 patients. IT, soft-tissue thickness, and buccal bone thickness were recorded at implant placement. Marginal bone loss was evaluated on individualized periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography at 1 year after loading. RESULTS Three groups of implants emerged based on their IT: group I (<30 Ncm), group II (between 30-45 Ncm), and group III (>45 Ncm). Soft-tissue thickness was ≤2 mm in 10 implants (25.6% thin biotype) and more than 2 mm in 29 implants (74.4% thick biotype). No significant difference in marginal bone loss was found for different IT and different soft-tissue thickness. A significant correlation was found between initial buccal bone thickness (≥2 mm or <2 mm) and marginal bone loss at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS IT and mucosal tissue thickness did not influence marginal bone loss. Buccal bone thickness of ≥2 mm was associated with a minimal marginal bone remodeling.
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Abstract
Adequate bone remodeling may be a primary parameter for long-term successful complication-free dental implant treatment. A 1.8-mm osseous thickness around dental implants is thought to be the minimum thickness for adequate vasculature for osteocyte nutrition and function. A dental implant does not provide progenitor cells or angiogenic or osteogenic factors. Thus, the surrounding bone may need to have a 1.8-mm thickness to accommodate the vasculature necessary for nutrients for appropriate remodeling. Additionally, the 1.8-mm dimension may provide for mechanical load resistance. There is no evidence to illustrate the physiologic need for the 1.8-mm dimension. This dimension requirement is based on clinical outcome observations. Basic science research for bone survival around dental implants is needed.
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23
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Donovan TE, Marzola R, Murphy KR, Cagna DR, Eichmiller F, McKee JR, Metz JE, Albouy JP, Troeltzsch M. Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:816-878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Influence of Implant Neck Design on Peri-Implant Tissue Dimensions: A Comparative Study in Dogs. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11102007. [PMID: 30336579 PMCID: PMC6212799 DOI: 10.3390/ma11102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This in vivo study assessed (hard and soft) peri-implant tissue remodeling around implants with micro-ring and open-thread neck designs placed in a dog model. Twenty histological sections corresponding to four different implant designs that were placed in America Foxhound dogs were obtained from previous studies. All the implants had been placed under identical conditions and were divided into four groups: Group A, micro-rings on implant neck plus 0.5 mm refined surface; Group B, micro-rings on implant neck; Group C, open-thread neck; and, Group D, double-spiral neck. Eight weeks after surgery, the integrated implants were removed and processed for histological examination. Crestal bone loss and bone-to-implant contact was greater for micro-ring necks than open-thread necks. Soft tissues showed significant differences on both buccal and lingual aspects, so that the distance from peri-implant mucosa to the apical portion of the barrier epithelium was smaller in the micro-ring groups. So, in spite of generating greater bone-to-implant contact, implants with micro rings produced more bone loss than open-thread implants. Moreover, the outcomes that were obtained IPX implants smooth neck design produced less bone loss in the cervical area, following by Facility implants when compared with the other open thread and microthreaded implant designs. Implant thread design can influence on bone remodeling in the cervical area, related to bundle bone preservation.
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25
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Canullo L, Pesce P, Tronchi M, Fiorellini J, Amari Y, Penarrocha D. Marginal soft tissue stability around conical abutments inserted with the one abutment-one time protocol after 5 years of prosthetic loading. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:976-982. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Pesce
- Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), Division of Prosthodontics; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | | | - Joseph Fiorellini
- Department of Periodontology, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | | | - David Penarrocha
- Department of Oral surgery and Implantology, University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
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Lee BA, Kim BH, Kweon HH, Kim YT. The prosthetic abutment height can affect marginal bone loss around dental implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:799-805. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ah Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontology; National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital; Goyang Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Heon Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontology; National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital; Goyang Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Helen H.I. Kweon
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontology; National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital; Goyang Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Periodontology; National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital; Goyang Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
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Linkevicius T, Linkevicius R, Alkimavicius J, Linkeviciene L, Andrijauskas P, Puisys A. Influence of titanium base, lithium disilicate restoration and vertical soft tissue thickness on bone stability around triangular-shaped implants: A prospective clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018; 29:716-724. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Linkevicius
- Institute of Odontology; Faculty of Medicine; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
- Vilnius Research Group; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Rokas Linkevicius
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Jonas Alkimavicius
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Laura Linkeviciene
- Institute of Odontology; Faculty of Medicine; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Paulius Andrijauskas
- Institute of Odontology; Faculty of Medicine; Vilnius University; Vilnius Lithuania
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