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Dominguez A, Iruela-Arispe ML. Integration of Chemo-mechanical signaling in response to fluid shear stress by the endothelium. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102232. [PMID: 37703647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical forces exert profound effects on cells affecting fate, function, and response to stressors. In the case of the endothelium, the layer that resides in the inner surface of blood vessels, the collective effect of hemodynamic forces influences the onset and severity of vascular pathologies. Justifiably, much emphasis has been placed in understanding how endothelial cells sense and respond to mechanical challenges, particularly hemodynamic shear stress. In this review, we highlight recent developments that have expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanotransduction. We describe examples of protein compartmentalization in response to shear stress, consider the contribution of the glycocalyx, and discuss the specific role ion channels in response to flow. We also highlight the recently recognized contribution of the receptor ALK5 in sensing turbulent flow. Research in the last three years has enriched our understanding of the molecular landscape responsible for recognizing and transducing shear stress responses, including novel transcriptional-dependent and transcriptional-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annmarie Dominguez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611, USA
| | - M Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611, USA.
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2
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Stumpe N, Güden-Silber T, Schneckmann R, Wolters K, Lamb H, Grandoch M, Flögel U. In Vivo Mapping of Deep Tissue pO 2 in a Murine Model of Peripheral Artery Disease by Noninvasive 19F MR Relaxometry. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:597-598. [PMID: 36756882 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Stumpe
- Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (N.S., T.G.-S., U.F.)
- Cardiovascular Imaging, University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (N.S., H.L.)
| | - Tuba Güden-Silber
- Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (N.S., T.G.-S., U.F.)
| | - Rebekka Schneckmann
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (R.S., K.W., M.G.)
| | - Katharina Wolters
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (R.S., K.W., M.G.)
| | - Hildo Lamb
- Cardiovascular Imaging, University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (N.S., H.L.)
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (R.S., K.W., M.G.)
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany (N.S., T.G.-S., U.F.)
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3
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Gu JJ, Hou YL, Yan YH, Li J, Wei YR, Ma K, Wang XQ, Zhang JH, Wang DD, Li CR, Li DQ, Sun LL, Gao HL. Tongxinluo promotes endothelium-dependent arteriogenesis to attenuate diabetic peripheral arterial disease. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:234-254. [PMID: 37035233 PMCID: PMC10075034 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has become one of the leading causes of disa-bility and death in diabetic patients. Restoring blood supply to the hindlimbs, especially by promoting arteriogenesis, is currently the most effective strategy, in which endothelial cells play an important role. Tongxinluo (TXL) has been widely used for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and extended for diabetes-related vascular disease.
AIM To investigate the effect of TXL on diabetic PAD and its underlying mechanisms.
METHODS An animal model of diabetic PAD was established by ligating the femoral artery of db/db mice. Laser Doppler imaging and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) were performed to assess the recovery of blood flow and arteriogenesis. Endothelial cell function related to arteriogenesis and cellular pyroptosis was assessed using histopathology, Western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. In vitro, human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were pretreated with TXL for 4 h, followed by incubation in high glucose and hypoxia conditions to induce cell injury. Then, indicators of HUVEC pyroptosis and function, HUVEC-VSMC interactions and the migration of VSMCs were measured.
RESULTS Laser Doppler imaging and micro-CT showed that TXL restored blood flow to the hindlimbs and enhanced arteriogenesis. TXL also inhibited endothelial cell pyroptosis via the reactive oxygen species/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. In addition, TXL restored endothelial cell functions, including maintaining the balance of vasodilation, acting as a barrier to reduce inflammation, and enhancing endothelial-smooth muscle cell interactions through the Jagged-1/Notch-1/ephrin-B2 signaling pathway. Similar results were observed in vitro.
CONCLUSION TXL has a pro-arteriogenic effect in the treatment of diabetic PAD, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of endothelial cell pyroptosis, restoration of endothelial cell function and promotion of endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Gu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yun-Long Hou
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yi-Hui Yan
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ya-Ru Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Kun Ma
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jie-Han Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dan-Dong Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Cui-Ru Li
- Graduate school, Hebei Yiling Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dong-Qi Li
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- Graduate school, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 450000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Huai-Lin Gao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050090, Hebei Province, China
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4
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Plaas AHK, Moran MM, Sandy JD, Hascall VC. Aggrecan and Hyaluronan: The Infamous Cartilage Polyelectrolytes - Then and Now. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1402:3-29. [PMID: 37052843 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25588-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cartilages are unique in the family of connective tissues in that they contain a high concentration of the glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate attached to the core protein of the proteoglycan, aggrecan. Multiple aggrecan molecules are organized in the extracellular matrix via a domain-specific molecular interaction with hyaluronan and a link protein, and these high molecular weight aggregates are immobilized within the collagen and glycoprotein network. The high negative charge density of glycosaminoglycans provides hydrophilicity, high osmotic swelling pressure and conformational flexibility, which together function to absorb fluctuations in biomechanical stresses on cartilage during movement of an articular joint. We have summarized information on the history and current knowledge obtained by biochemical and genetic approaches, on cell-mediated regulation of aggrecan metabolism and its role in skeletal development, growth as well as during the development of joint disease. In addition, we describe the pathways for hyaluronan metabolism, with particular focus on the role as a "metabolic rheostat" during chondrocyte responses in cartilage remodeling in growth and disease.Future advances in effective therapeutic targeting of cartilage loss during osteoarthritic diseases of the joint as an organ as well as in cartilage tissue engineering would benefit from 'big data' approaches and bioinformatics, to uncover novel feed-forward and feed-back mechanisms for regulating transcription and translation of genes and their integration into cell-specific pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H K Plaas
- Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Meghan M Moran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John D Sandy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Piroth M, Gorski DJ, Hundhausen C, Petz A, Gorressen S, Semmler D, Zabri H, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Kelm M, Jung C, Fischer JW. Hyaluronan Synthase 3 is Protective After Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion by preserving the T cell Response. Matrix Biol 2022; 112:116-131. [PMID: 35998871 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Previous work from our laboratory suggests that synthesis of the major ECM component hyaluronan (HA) may be beneficial for post-infarct healing. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of hyaluronan synthase 3 (HAS3) in cardiac healing after MI. Mice with genetic deletion of Has3 (Has3 KO) and wildtype mice (WT) underwent 45 minutes of ischemia with subsequent reperfusion (I/R), followed by monitoring of heart function and analysis of tissue remodeling for up to three weeks. Has3 KO mice exhibited impaired cardiac function as evidenced by a reduced ejection fraction. Accordingly, Has3 deficiency also resulted in an increased scar size. Cardiac fibroblast activation and CD68+ macrophage counts were similar between genotypes. However, we found a significant decrease in CD4 T cells in the hearts of Has3 KO mice seven days post-MI, in particular reduced numbers of CD4+CXCR3+ Th1 and CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. Furthermore, Has3 deficient cardiac T cells were less activated and more apoptotic as shown by decreased CD69+ and increased annexin V+ cells, respectively. In vitro assays using activated splenic CD3 T cells demonstrated that Has3 deficiency resulted in reduced expression of the main HA receptor CD44 and diminished T cell proliferation. T cell transendothelial migration was similar between genotypes. Of note, analysis of peripheral blood from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) revealed that HAS3 is the predominant HAS isoenzyme also in human T cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that HAS3 is required for mounting a physiological T cell response after MI to support cardiac healing. Therefore, our study may serve as a foundation for the development of novel strategies targeting HA-matrix to preserve T cell function after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Piroth
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel J Gorski
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Hundhausen
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Petz
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Gorressen
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dominik Semmler
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heba Zabri
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research
| | - Stefan Lehr
- German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
| | - Christian Jung
- Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute for Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Lu HS, Daugherty A. Key Factors for Improving Rigor and Reproducibility: Guidelines, Peer Reviews, and Journal Technical Reviews. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:856102. [PMID: 35369348 PMCID: PMC8965503 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.856102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To respond to the NIH's policy for rigor and reproducibility in preclinical research, many journals have implemented guidelines and checklists to guide authors in improving the rigor and reproducibility of their research. Transparency in developing detailed prospective experimental designs and providing raw data are essential premises of rigor and reproducibility. Standard peer reviews and journal-specific technical and statistical reviews are critical factors for enhancing rigor and reproducibility. This brief review also shares some experience from Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, an American Heart Association journal, that has implemented several mechanisms to enhance rigor and reproducibility for preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- *Correspondence: Hong S. Lu
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Alan Daugherty
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