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Harris DD, Chu L, Sabe SA, Doherty M, Senthilnathan V. A Single-Surgeon Experience Transitioning to Total Arterial Revascularization. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4831. [PMID: 39200977 PMCID: PMC11355799 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting remains the standard of care for advanced and multifocal coronary artery disease; however, for patients that are surgical candidates, total arterial revascularization (TAR) remains underutilized due to concerns such as sternal wound infections and the learning curve. We present the results of a large cohort of mid-career surgeons transitioning to TAR, focusing on short-term outcomes and the learning curve. Methods: The surgeons transitioned to using TAR as the preferred revascularization technique in August of 2017. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons database was reviewed to identify all patients who underwent isolated non-emergent CABG performed by a single surgeon from January 2014 through January 2022. Patients were divided into two groups-those who had TAR and those who had traditional CABG using one internal mammary artery and vein grafts (IMA-SVG). Results: Eight hundred ninety-eight patients meet inclusion criteria (458 IMA-SVG and 440 TAR). The TAR group had slightly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross clamp times, and operative times (all p < 0.05); however, ICU stay was shorter and 30-day readmission rate was lower for TAR compared to IMA-SVG (all p < 0.05). The TAR group also required fewer postoperative transfusions (p = 0.005). There was no difference in prolonged intubation, stroke, length of stay, mortality, or sternal wound complications between groups (all p > 0.05). The average TAR was 30 min longer; however, learning curves, stratified by number of grafts placed, showed no significant learning curve associated with TAR. Conclusions: An experienced surgeon transitioning from IMA-SVG to TAR slightly increases operative time, but decreases ICU stay, readmissions, and postoperative transfusions with no significant difference in rates of immediate post-operative complications or 30-day mortality, with a minimal learning curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwight D. Harris
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (L.C.); (S.A.S.); (M.D.); (V.S.)
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2
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Dokollari A, Rosati F, Muneretto C, Amabile A, Pernoci M, Gemelli M, Hassanabad AF, Sicouri S, Sicouri N, Yamashita Y, Baudo M, Bonacchi M, Cabrucci F, Bacchi B, Ghorpade N, Shah A, Coku L, Cameli M, Mandoli GE, Kjelstrom S, Montone G, Wertan M, Ramlawi B, DiMagli A, Sutter FP. Risk Score for Long-Term Survival and Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. Am J Cardiol 2024; 225:10-21. [PMID: 38608800 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
To develop risk scoring models predicting long-term survival and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), including myocardial infarction and stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). All 4,821 consecutive patients who underwent isolated CABG at Lankenau between January 2005 and July 2021 were included. MACCE was defined as all-cause mortality + myocardial infarction + stroke. Variable selection for both outcomes was obtained using a double-selection logit least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with adaptive selection. Model performance was internally evaluated by calibration and accuracy using bootstrap cross-validation. Mortality and MACCEs were compared in patients split into 3 groups based on the predicted risk scores for all-cause mortality and MACCEs. An external validation of our database was performed with 665 patients from the University of Brescia, Italy. Preoperative risk predictors were found to be predictors for all-cause mortality and MACCEs. In addition, being of African-American ethnicity is a significant predictor for MACCEs after isolated CABG. The areas under the curve (AUCs), which measures the discrimination of the models, were 80.4%, 79.1%, 81.3%, and 79.2% for mortality at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years follow-up. The AUCs for MACCEs were 75%, 72.5%, 73.8%, and 72.7% at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years follow-up. For external validation, the AUCs for all-cause mortality and MACCEs at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years were 73.7%, 70.8%, 68.7%, and 72.2% and 72.3%, 68.2%, 65.6%, and 69.6%, respectively. The Advanced (AD) Coronary Risk Score for All-Cause Mortality and MACCE provide good discrimination of long-term mortality and MACCEs after isolated CABG. External validation observed a more AUCs greater than 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Dokollari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Cardiac Surgery Department, St. Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Fabrizio Rosati
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Spedali Civili Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Muneretto
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Spedali Civili Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Amabile
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marjela Pernoci
- Cardiac Surgery Department, St. Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Marco Gemelli
- Cardiac Surgery Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Serge Sicouri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Noah Sicouri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamashita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Massimo Baudo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Massimo Bonacchi
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Cabrucci
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bacchi
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Nitin Ghorpade
- Cardiac Surgery Department, St. Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ashish Shah
- Cardiac Surgery Department, St. Boniface Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lindita Coku
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Appalachian Regional Health, University of Kentucky, Hazard, Kentucky
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Stephanie Kjelstrom
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Georgia Montone
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Maryann Wertan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Lankenau Medical Center, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Basel Ramlawi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Lankenau Medical Center, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Arnaldo DiMagli
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Weill-Cornell University, New York
| | - Francis P Sutter
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Lankenau Medical Center, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
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3
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Chang AJ, Liang Y, Hamilton SA, Ambrosy AP. Medical Decision-Making and Revascularization in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Med Clin North Am 2024; 108:553-566. [PMID: 38548463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is the most common underlying etiology of heart failure in the United States and is a significant contributor to deaths due to cardiovascular disease worldwide. The diagnosis and management of ICM has advanced significantly over the past few decades, and the evidence for medical therapy in ICM is both compelling and robust. This contrasts with evidence for coronary revascularization, which is more controversial and favors surgical approaches. This review will examine landmark clinical trial results in detail as well as provide a comprehensive overview of the current epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Chang
- Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, 2425 Geary Boulevard, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Yilin Liang
- Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, 2425 Geary Boulevard, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Steven A Hamilton
- Department of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, 2425 Geary Boulevard, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Andrew P Ambrosy
- Department of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, 2425 Geary Boulevard, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; Clinical Trials Program, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
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Varma PK, Radhakrishnan RM, Gopal K, Krishna N, Jose R. Selecting the appropriate patients for coronary artery bypass grafting in ischemic cardiomyopathy-importance of myocardial viability. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:341-352. [PMID: 38681722 PMCID: PMC11045715 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in ischemic cardiomyopathy have a survival advantage over medical therapy at 10 years. The survival advantage of CABG over medical therapy is due to its ability to reduce future myocardial infarction, and by conferring electrical stability. The presence of myocardial viability does not provide a differential survival advantage for CABG over medical therapy. Presence of angina and inducible ischemia are also less predictive of outcome. Moreover, CABG is associated with significant early mortality. Hence, careful patient selection is more important for reducing the early mortality and improving the long-term outcome than relying on results of myocardial viability. Younger patients with good exercise tolerance benefit the most, while patients who are frail and patients with renal dysfunction and dysfunctional right ventricle seem to have very high operative mortality. Elderly patients, because of poor life expectancy, do not benefit from CABG, but the age cutoff is not clear. Patients also need to have revascularizable targets, but this decision is often based on experience of the surgical team and heart team discussion. These recommendations are irrespective of the myocardial viability tests. Optimal medical treatment remains the cornerstone for management of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kerala Varma
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Rohik Micka Radhakrishnan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Kirun Gopal
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Neethu Krishna
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Rajesh Jose
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
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Abuharb MYI, Kaiwen L, Zhuhui H, Kui Z, Jubing Z, Yue S, Yang L, Taoshuai L, Ran D. Prognostic factors of surgical management for heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26552. [PMID: 38434403 PMCID: PMC10907661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives There are many available pharmaceutical and surgical management for Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the preferred treatment modality for CAD patients with low ejection fraction (EF) in view of the more favorable outcomes. This study aimed to determine the associated factors of poor outcomes post-CABG for heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent on-pump and off-pump CABG. Methods A retrospective review of CAD patients who underwent isolated on-pump CABG (ONCAB) or off-pump CABG (OPCAB) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University from January 2013 to March 2021. Only those with confirmed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% on preoperative echocardiography were included. By analyzing the clinical and surgical data, postoperative mortality and morbidity, as well as major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events (MACCE) as endpoints, certain risk factors of the postoperative complications were identified. Results Out of the 500 patients, 64 developed MACCE, of which 14 (13.6%) occurred in the ONCAB group and 50 (14.0%) in the OPCAB group. Univariate COX regression analysis showed that age ≥65 years, history of diabetes, and preoperative renal insufficiency were independent risk factors for postoperative primary endpoint events in CAD patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Following the multivariate COX regression analysis, in addition to the above three risk factors, a history of previous percutaneous coronary angiography (PCI) intervention was also a risk factor for the occurrence of the primary endpoints post-CABG. Conclusion Based on the analysis, significant predictors of post-CABG MACCE in patients with HFrEF included being older than 65 years old, having diabetes, preoperative renal insufficiency, and having previous PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liu Kaiwen
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Huang Zhuhui
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Zhang Kui
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Zheng Jubing
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Song Yue
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Li Yang
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Liu Taoshuai
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
| | - Dong Ran
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Department, 100029, China, Beijing
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De Caterina R, Liga R. A treatment algorithm for ischemic cardiomyopathy. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107274. [PMID: 38182081 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy has been the focus of increased attention by cardiologists due to recent evidence of an important outcome study comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus optimal medical treatment vs optimal medical treatment alone, concluding for the futility of myocardial revascularization by PCI. A relatively older trial of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the same condition, on the other hand, had concluded for some prognostic improvement at a long-term follow-up. This short manuscript addresses how to triage such patients, frequently encountered in medical practice and considering clinical presentation, imaging results, and surgical risk, to provide practical guidance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele De Caterina
- Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and Chair of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Liga
- Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and Chair of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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7
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Sankardas MA, Subban V, Kothandam S, Chopra A, Kalidoss L, Udhayakumar K, Sollimuthu R, Chidambaram K, Anandan H, Rao RS. Clinical Outcomes Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Valve Replacement Using a Meril Myval Transcatheter Heart Valve. Heart Lung Circ 2024; 33:222-229. [PMID: 38245394 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
AIM Transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve (TMViV) replacement for degenerated surgically implanted bioprosthetic valves has been described by both transseptal and transapical approaches. The balloon-expandable Myval transcatheter valve (Meril Life Sciences, Vapi, India) is commonly used for transcatheter valve-in-valve procedures in India. This study aimed to report in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year outcomes of Myval patients who underwent TMViV in a single tertiary care centre in India. METHODS Symptomatic patients with surgical bioprosthetic mitral valve failure with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV symptoms, despite optimal medical therapy and high or very high risk for redo surgery, were assigned to TMViV following heart team discussions. Data were retrospectively collected and outcomes assessed. RESULTS Twenty patients were treated, with mean age 64.4 years, 60% were female, and mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) predicted risk of operative mortality score was 8.1. The failure mechanism was combined stenosis and regurgitation in 60% of patients. Technical success was achieved in 100% of patients. The mean postprocedure and 30-day gradients were 4.6±2.7 and 6.3±2.1, respectively. None of them had significant valvular or paravalvular leaks or left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. All-cause mortality at 1 year was 10%, and all survivors were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I or II. CONCLUSION TMViV replacement with a Meril Myval can be safely performed with high technical success, and low 30-day and 1-year mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aashish Chopra
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
| | | | | | | | - Kumar Chidambaram
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
| | - Harini Anandan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
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8
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Abbasi A, Li C, Dekle M, Bermudez CA, Brodie D, Sellke FW, Sodha NR, Ventetuolo CE, Eickhoff C. Interpretable machine learning-based predictive modeling of patient outcomes following cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023:S0022-5223(23)01110-8. [PMID: 38040328 PMCID: PMC11133766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical applicability of machine learning predictions of patient outcomes following cardiac surgery remains unclear. We applied machine learning to predict patient outcomes associated with high morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery and identified the importance of variables to the derived model's performance. METHODS We applied machine learning to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database to predict postoperative hemorrhage requiring reoperation, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and stroke. We used permutation feature importance to identify variables important to model performance and a misclassification analysis to study the limitations of the model. RESULTS The study dataset included 662,772 subjects who underwent cardiac surgery between 2015 and 2017 and 240 variables. Hemorrhage requiring reoperation, VTE, and stroke occurred in 2.9%, 1.2%, and 2.0% of subjects, respectively. The model performed remarkably well at predicting all 3 complications (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.92-0.97). Preoperative and intraoperative variables were not important to model performance; instead, performance for the prediction of all 3 outcomes was driven primarily by several postoperative variables, including known risk factors for the complications, such as mechanical ventilation and new onset of postoperative arrhythmias. Many of the postoperative variables important to model performance also increased the risk of subject misclassification, indicating internal validity. CONCLUSIONS A machine learning model accurately and reliably predicts patient outcomes following cardiac surgery. Postoperative, as opposed to preoperative or intraoperative variables, are important to model performance. Interventions targeting this period, including minimizing the duration of mechanical ventilation and early treatment of new-onset postoperative arrhythmias, may help lower the risk of these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Abbasi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI.
| | - Cindy Li
- Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Christian A Bermudez
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Daniel Brodie
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Neel R Sodha
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Corey E Ventetuolo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI; Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Carsten Eickhoff
- Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI; Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Imran H, Saad M. Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients: Puzzle Solved? J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030953. [PMID: 37929671 PMCID: PMC10727414 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Imran
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteProvidenceRIUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Marwan Saad
- Lifespan Cardiovascular InstituteProvidenceRIUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyWarren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
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10
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Lee Chuy K, Velazquez EJ, Lansky AJ, Jamil Y, Ahmad Y. Current Landscape and Future Directions of Coronary Revascularization in Ischemic Systolic Heart Failure: A Review. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2023; 2:101197. [PMID: 39131064 PMCID: PMC11307589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the largest cause of death worldwide and the most common cause of heart failure (HF). The incidence and prevalence of HF are increasing owing to an aging population and improvements in the acute cardiac care of previously fatal conditions such as myocardial infarction. Strategies to improve outcomes in patients with ischemic systolic HF are urgently needed. There is systematic underutilization of testing for coronary artery disease in patients with HF, and revascularization is performed in an even smaller minority despite evidence for reduced mortality with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) over medical therapy in the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure Extension Study. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a less-invasive approach to coronary revascularization; however, the recent Revascularization for Ischemic Ventricular Dysfunction (REVIVED)-British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS2) trial failed to demonstrate a benefit of PCI compared with that of medical therapy in patients with ischemic systolic HF. The comparative effectiveness of PCI and CABG for patients with ischemic systolic HF remains unknown, particularly in the era of contemporary medical therapy. In this review, we discuss the benefit of CABG in ischemic systolic HF, its underutilization, and the unmet clinical need. We also review the recent REVIVED-BCIS2 trial comparing PCI to medical therapy, as well as upcoming randomized controlled trials of PCI for ischemic systolic HF and persistent evidence gaps that will exist despite anticipated data from ongoing trials. There remains a need for an adequately powered randomized controlled trials to establish the comparative clinical effectiveness of PCI vs CABG in ischemic systolic HF in the era of contemporary revascularization approaches and medical therapy, as well as trials of coronary revascularization in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction or less severe forms of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Lee Chuy
- Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
| | - Eric J. Velazquez
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alexandra J. Lansky
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yasser Jamil
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yousif Ahmad
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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11
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D'Ascenzo F, Fabris E, DeGregorio C, Mittone G, De Filippo O, Wańha W, Leonardi S, Roubin SR, Chinaglia A, Truffa A, Huczek Z, Gaibazzi N, Ielasi A, Cortese B, Borin A, Pagliaro B, Núñez-Gil IJ, Ugo F, Marengo G, Barbieri L, Marchini F, Desperak P, Melendo-Viu M, Montalto C, Bianco M, Bruno F, Mancone M, Ferrandez-Escarabajal M, Morici N, Scaglione M, Tuttolomondo D, Gąsior M, Mazurek M, Gallone G, Campo G, Wojakowski W, Abu Assi E, Stefanini G, Sinagra G, de Ferrari GM. Forecasting the Risk of Heart Failure Hospitalization After Acute Coronary Syndromes: the CORALYS HF Score. Am J Cardiol 2023; 206:320-329. [PMID: 37734293 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify patients at a higher risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in a population of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with percutaneous coronary revascularization without a history of HF or reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction before the index admission. We performed a Cox regression multivariable analysis with competitive risk and machine learning models on the incideNce and predictOrs of heaRt fAiLure After Acute coronarY Syndrome (CORALYS) registry (NCT04895176), an international and multicenter study including consecutive patients admitted for ACS in 16 European Centers from 2015 to 2020. Of 14,699 patients, 593 (4.0%) were admitted for the development of HF up to 1 year after the index ACS presentation. A total of 2 different data sets were randomly created, 1 for the derivative cohort including 11,626 patients (80%) and 1 for the validation cohort including 3,073 patients (20%). On the Cox regression multivariable analysis, several variables were associated with the risk of HF hospitalization, with reduced renal function, complete revascularization, and LV ejection fraction as the most relevant ones. The area under the curve at 1 year was 0.75 (0.72 to 0.78) in the derivative cohort, whereas on validation, it was 0.72 (0.67 to 0.77). The machine learning analysis showed a slightly inferior performance. In conclusion, in a large cohort of patients with ACS without a history of HF or LV dysfunction before the index event, the CORALYS HF score identified patients at a higher risk of hospitalization for HF using variables easily accessible at discharge. Further approaches to tackle HF development in this high-risk subset of patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Enrico Fabris
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Caterina DeGregorio
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianluca Mittone
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ovidio De Filippo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Wojciech Wańha
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- Coronary Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Chinaglia
- Division of Cardiology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Zenon Huczek
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Nicola Gaibazzi
- Cardiology Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Alfonso Ielasi
- U.O. di Cardiologia Clinica ed Interventistica, Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Cortese
- Cardiovascular Research Team, San Carlo Clinic, Milano, Italy; Fondazione Ricerca e Innovazione Cardiovascolare, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Borin
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Iván J Núñez-Gil
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Ugo
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea di Vercelli, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marengo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy; Departement of Informatica, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lucia Barbieri
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy; Division of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Marchini
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, Italy
| | - Piotr Desperak
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Claudio Montalto
- Coronary Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Bianco
- Division of Cardiology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Mancone
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nuccia Morici
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Scaglione
- Division of Cardiology, Ospedale Cardinal G. Massaia, Asti, Italy
| | | | - Mariusz Gąsior
- Departement of Informatica, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maciej Mazurek
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Guglielmo Gallone
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, Italy
| | | | - Emad Abu Assi
- Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Giulio Stefanini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maria de Ferrari
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
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12
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Lee C, Tully A, Fang JC, Sugeng L, Elmariah S, Grubb KJ, Young MN. Building and Optimizing the Interdisciplinary Heart Team. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2023; 2:101067. [PMID: 39129880 PMCID: PMC11308725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A multidisciplinary care team model, or Heart Team approach, has become a central tenet of cardiovascular care. Though initially applied to the management of heart transplantation and subsequently complex coronary artery disease, the Heart Team is now utilized broadly across cardiovascular medicine, including in the treatment of valvular disease, pulmonary embolism, cardiogenic shock, high-risk pregnancies in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, and adult congenital heart disease. The Heart Team model improves interdisciplinary collaboration among specialties, adherence to societal guidelines, and shared decision-making with patients and families. In this review, we highlight the development and rationale supporting the Heart Team model, address the challenges of implementing a multidisciplinary care team, and discuss the optimal methods to continue to build, optimize, and implement this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lee
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Andrew Tully
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James C. Fang
- Division of Cardiology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lissa Sugeng
- Department of Cardiology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Sammy Elmariah
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kendra J. Grubb
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael N. Young
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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13
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Patail H, Bali A, Sharma T, Frishman WH, Aronow WS. Review and Key Takeaways of the 2021 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Guidelines. Cardiol Rev 2023:00045415-990000000-00151. [PMID: 37729589 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The 2021 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention guidelines completed by American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions provide a set of guidelines regarding revascularization strategies. With emphasis on equity of care, multidisciplinary heart team use, revascularization for acute coronary syndrome, and stable ischemic heart disease, the guidelines create a thorough framework with recommendations regarding therapeutic strategies. In this comprehensive review, our aim is to summarize the 2021 revascularization guidelines and analyze key points regarding each recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haris Patail
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Atul Bali
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Tanya Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - William H Frishman
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Wilbert S Aronow
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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14
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Sandy-Hodgetts K, Assadian O, Wainwright TW, Rochon M, Van Der Merwe Z, Jones RM, Serena T, Alves P, Smith G. Clinical prediction models and risk tools for early detection of patients at risk of surgical site infection and surgical wound dehiscence: a scoping review. J Wound Care 2023; 32:S4-S12. [PMID: 37591662 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2023.32.sup8a.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite advances in surgical techniques, intraoperative practice and a plethora of advanced wound therapies, surgical wound complications (SWCs), such as surgical site infection (SSI) and surgical wound dehiscence (SWD), continue to pose a considerable burden to the patient and healthcare setting. Predicting those patients at risk of a SWC may give patients and healthcare providers the opportunity to implement a tailored prevention plan or potentially ameliorate known risk factors to improve patient postoperative outcomes. METHOD A scoping review of the literature for studies which reported predictive power and internal/external validity of risk tools for clinical use in predicting patients at risk of SWCs after surgery was conducted. An electronic search of three databases and two registries was carried out with date restrictions. The search terms included 'prediction surgical site infection' and 'prediction surgical wound dehiscence'. RESULTS A total of 73 records were identified from the database search, of which six studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, the majority of validated risk tools were predominantly within the cardiothoracic domain, and targeted morbidity and mortality outcomes. There were four risk tools specifically targeting SWCs following surgery. CONCLUSION The findings of this review have highlighted an absence of well-developed risk tools specifically for SSI and/or SWD in most surgical populations. This review suggests that further research is required for the development and clinical implementation of rigorously validated and fit-for-purpose risk tools for predicting patients at risk of SWCs following surgery. The ability to predict such patients enables the implementation of preventive strategies, such as the use of prophylactic antibiotics, delayed timing of surgery, or advanced wound therapies following a procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Sandy-Hodgetts
- Program Lead, Skin Integrity Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Adjunct Senior Research Fellow, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ojan Assadian
- Medical Director, Regional Hospital Wiener Neustadt, Austria
- Institute for Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, UK
| | - Thomas W Wainwright
- Professor of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Institute, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Melissa Rochon
- Trust Lead for SSI Surveillance, Research & Innovation Surveillance and Innovation Unit, Directorate of Infection, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | | | - Paulo Alves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Wounds Research Lab, Portugal
| | - George Smith
- Vascular Surgery Unit, Hull York Medical School, York, UK
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15
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Thangamuthu BY, Elangovan I, Asra P, Simon S, Sathyamoorthy I. Fluorine 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Cardiac Viability Risk Stratification in Comparison with EuroSCORE II for Revascularization in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Indian J Nucl Med 2023; 38:110-114. [PMID: 37456177 PMCID: PMC10348504 DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_74_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnostic value of fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F18-FDG PET/CT) in the assessment of myocardial viable segments is well known; hence, it can identify patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction who may benefit from revascularization. The presence of significant myocardial viable segments before revascularization will offer better prognosis with reduced mortality and morbidity. However, the usage of F18-FDG PET/CT myocardial viability study in the presurgical risk stratification is limited. Objective The objective of the study is to predict perioperative mortality with hibernating viable myocardial (HVM) segments established by F18-FDG PET/CT in comparison with EuroSCORE II in patients with LV dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Materials and Methods A prospective, observational study included 75 patients of chronic ischemic coronary artery disease with ejection fraction ≤40%. Tc-99m sesta-methoxyisobutylisonitrile myocardial perfusion single photon emission CT/CT and myocardial viability with F18-FDG PET/CT at rest were performed. Mortality risk stratification was done according to the EuroSCORE II. Patients were followed for post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) 30-day mortality. Mortality observed by HVM segment groups were compared with EuroSCORE II predicted mortality. Results Receiver operating curve for 30-day mortality prediction with HVM segments and EuroSCORE II was constructed. It showed that a cutoff of <4 HVM segments (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.7) had a sensitivity of 85%, whereas EuroSCORE II (AUC = 0.4) had only 28.6% sensitivity. EuroSCORE II underestimated perioperative risk in patients with <4 viable segments, that is 5 times higher risk was observed in patients with <4 viable segments. Conclusions HVM segments established by F18-FDG PET/CT had independently predicted mortality postoperatively. Hence, including F18-FDG PET/CT for viability assessment along with EuroSCORE II in preoperative risk assessment for revascularization by CABG in patients with LV dysfunction provided better risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indirani Elangovan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patel Asra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shelley Simon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Liga R, Colli A, Taggart DP, Boden WE, De Caterina R. Myocardial Revascularization in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: For Whom and How. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e026943. [PMID: 36892041 PMCID: PMC10111551 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Myocardial revascularization has been advocated to improve myocardial function and prognosis in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). We discuss the evidence for revascularization in patients with ICM and the role of ischemia and viability detection in guiding treatment. Methods and Results We searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the prognostic impact of revascularization in ICM and the value of viability imaging for patient management. Out of 1397 publications, 4 randomized controlled trials were included, enrolling 2480 patients. Three trials (HEART [Heart Failure Revascularisation Trial], STICH [Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure], and REVIVED [REVascularization for Ischemic VEntricular Dysfunction]-BCIS2) randomized patients to revascularization or optimal medical therapy. HEART was stopped prematurely without showing any significant difference between treatment strategies. STICH showed a 16% lower mortality with bypass surgery compared with optimal medical therapy at a median follow-up of 9.8 years. However, neither the presence/extent of left ventricle viability nor ischemia interacted with treatment outcomes. REVIVED-BCIS2 showed no difference in the primary end point between percutaneous revascularization or optimal medical therapy. PARR-2 (Positron Emission Tomography and Recovery Following Revascularization) randomized patients to imaging-guided revascularization versus standard care, with neutral results overall. Information regarding the consistency of patient management with viability testing results was available in ≈65% of patients (n=1623). No difference in survival was revealed according to adherence or no adherence to viability imaging. Conclusions In ICM, the largest randomized controlled trial, STICH, suggests that surgical revascularization improves patients' prognosis at long-term follow-up, whereas evidence supports no benefit of percutaneous coronary intervention. Data from randomized controlled trials do not support myocardial ischemia or viability testing for treatment guidance. We propose an algorithm for the workup of patients with ICM considering clinical presentation, imaging results, and surgical risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Liga
- Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and Chair of CardiologyUniversity of PisaItaly
| | - Andrea Colli
- Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and Chair of CardiologyUniversity of PisaItaly
| | - David P. Taggart
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesOxford University John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - William E. Boden
- VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Cardiology Division, Pisa University Hospital and Chair of CardiologyUniversity of PisaItaly
- Fondazione VillaSerena per la Ricerca, Città Sant'AngeloItaly
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17
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Charlson Comorbidity Index is Associated With Longer-Term Mortality and Re-Admissions Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. J Surg Res 2022; 275:300-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Yau TH, Chong MH, Brigden ZM, Ngemoh D, Harky A, Bin Saeid J. The timing of surgical revascularisation in acute myocardial infarction: when should we intervene? THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2021; 63:179-186. [PMID: 34792311 DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.21.11984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a crucial intervention in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly when AMI is not amenable for management with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). To optimise outcome in these patients, surgical teams must consider a host of predictive factors, with the most prominent being the timing of CABG. Despite numerous studies exploring timing of CABG following AMI in the past, optimal surgical timing remains controversial. The mortality rates vary with timing of CABG, but confounding factors such as age, impaired pulmonary function, renal insufficiency, and poor left ventricular function may contribute to varied outcomes reported. EVIDENCE ACQUISITON An electronic literature search of articles that discussed acute myocardial presentation and urgent in-patient or elective CABG was conducted. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The evidence was synthesised based on each reported article and their outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Current literature suggests multiple factors can guide CABG timing including, type of AMI at initial presentation, distinctive pathological status and patient characteristics. Thus, there is a need for large, multi-centre studies to identify optimal CABG timing in complex coronary artery disease or failed PCI in patients with AMI. Future guidelines should emphasise patient cohorts by taking their risk factors into consideration. As such, a need for greater cardiac screening methods and development of scoring systems can aid in the optimisation of CABG timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Yau
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ming H Chong
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Zachary M Brigden
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Dorette Ngemoh
- Medical School, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Amer Harky
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK -
| | - Jalal Bin Saeid
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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19
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Yan P, Liu T, Zhang K, Cao J, Dang H, Song Y, Zheng J, Zhao H, Wu L, Liu D, Huang Q, Dong R. Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram for Preoperative Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:709190. [PMID: 34660713 PMCID: PMC8514758 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.709190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are among the most challenging patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). Several surgical risk scores are commonly used to predict the risk in patients undergoing CABG. However, these risk scores do not specifically target HFrEF patients. We aim to develop and validate a new nomogram score to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality among HFrEF patients after CABG. Methods: The study retrospectively enrolled 489 patients who had HFrEF and underwent CABG. The outcome was postoperative in-hospital death. About 70% (n = 342) of the patients were randomly constituted a training cohort and the rest (n = 147) made a validation cohort. A multivariable logistic regression model was derived from the training cohort and presented as a nomogram to predict postoperative mortality in patients with HFrEF. The model performance was assessed in terms of discrimination and calibration. Besides, we compared the model with EuroSCORE-2 in terms of discrimination and calibration. Results: Postoperative death occurred in 26 (7.6%) out of 342 patients in the training cohort, and in 10 (6.8%) out of 147 patients in the validation cohort. Eight preoperative factors were associated with postoperative death, including age, critical state, recent myocardial infarction, stroke, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35%, LV dilatation, increased serum creatinine, and combined surgery. The nomogram achieved good discrimination with C-indexes of 0.889 (95%CI, 0.839–0.938) and 0.899 (95%CI, 0.835–0.963) in predicting the risk of mortality after CABG in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, and showed well-fitted calibration curves in the patients whose predicted mortality probabilities were below 40%. Compared with EuroSCORE-2, the nomogram had significantly higher C-indexes in the training cohort (0.889 vs. 0.762, p = 0.005) as well as the validation cohort (0.899 vs. 0.816, p = 0.039). Besides, the nomogram had better calibration and reclassification than EuroSCORE-2 both in the training and validation cohort. The EuroSCORE-2 underestimated postoperative mortality risk, especially in high-risk patients. Conclusions: The nomogram provides an optimal preoperative estimation of mortality risk after CABG in patients with HFrEF and has the potential to facilitate identifying HFrEF patients at high risk of in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyun Yan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Taoshuai Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiming Dang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jubing Zheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lisong Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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20
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Feyrer R, Zielezinski T, Endlich M. Risikomanagement in der Herzchirurgie. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR HERZ THORAX UND GEFASSCHIRURGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00398-021-00457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Dokollari A, Bisleri G, Patel DS, Kalra DK, Gelsomino S, Bonacchi M. The jungle of risk scores and their inability to predict long-term survival. The truth behind the mirror. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3004-3005. [PMID: 33938593 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Dokollari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CARIM Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gianlugi Bisleri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Divya-Shree Patel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Didar-Karan Kalra
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandro Gelsomino
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, CARIM Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo Bonacchi
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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22
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Bakaeen FG, Gaudino M, Whitman G, Doenst T, Ruel M, Taggart DP, Stulak JM, Benedetto U, Anyanwu A, Chikwe J, Bozkurt B, Puskas JD, Silvestry SC, Velazquez E, Slaughter MS, McCarthy PM, Soltesz EG, Moon MR. 2021: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Expert Consensus Document: Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 162:829-850.e1. [PMID: 34272070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal G Bakaeen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Coronary Center, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Mario Gaudino
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Glenn Whitman
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc Ruel
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P Taggart
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John M Stulak
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Umberto Benedetto
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anelechi Anyanwu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Joanna Chikwe
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Biykem Bozkurt
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - John D Puskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | - Eric Velazquez
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Center, Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, Conn
| | - Mark S Slaughter
- Department Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky
| | - Patrick M McCarthy
- Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiac Surgery in the Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill
| | - Edward G Soltesz
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Coronary Center, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Marc R Moon
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Mo
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Ryan M, Morgan H, Petrie MC, Perera D. Coronary revascularisation in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Heart 2021; 107:612-618. [PMID: 33436491 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure resulting from ischaemic heart disease is associated with a poor prognosis despite optimal medical treatment. Despite this, patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy have been largely excluded from randomised trials of revascularisation in stable coronary artery disease. Revascularisation has multiple potential mechanisms of benefit, including the reversal of myocardial hibernation, suppression of ventricular arrhythmias and prevention of spontaneous myocardial infarction. Coronary artery bypass grafting is considered the first-line mode of revascularisation in these patients; however, evidence from the Surgical Treatment of Ischaemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial showed a reduction in mortality, though this only became apparent with extended follow-up due to an excess of early adverse events in the surgical arm. There is currently no randomised controlled trial evidence for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy; however, the REVIVED-BCIS2 trial has recently completed recruitment and will address this gap in the evidence. Future directions include (1) clinical trials of revascularisation in patients hospitalised with heart failure, (2) defining the role of viability and ischaemia testing in heart failure, (3) studies to enhance the understanding of the mechanistic effects of revascularisation and (4) generating models to refine pre- and post-revascularisation risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ryan
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
- Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Holly Morgan
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
- Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark C Petrie
- University of Glasgow Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow, UK
- Cardiology Department, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | - Divaka Perera
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
- Cardiology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Bianco V, Kilic A, Aranda-Michel E, Gleason TG, Habertheuer A, Wang Y, Brown JA, Sultan I. Thirty-day Hospital Readmissions Following Cardiac Surgery are Associated With Mortality and Subsequent Readmission. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 33:1027-1034. [PMID: 33600994 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of hospital readmissions within 30-days of discharge, on long-term postoperative outcomes. All patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2011 - 2018 were included. Patients who had transcatheter procedures, VAD, and transplant were excluded. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) propensity scoring was used for population risk adjustment. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify association with long-term mortality and readmission. The total risk adjusted (propensity scoring with IPTW) patient population consisted of 14,538 patients divided into those who were not readmitted in 30-days (nonreadmitted) (n = 12,627) and patients who were readmitted within 30-days (30-day readmitted) (n = 1911). Following IPTW, all baseline characteristics and postoperative complications were equivalent between cohorts (SMD <0.10). Patients who required intraoperative [OR 1.178 (1.05, 1.32); P = 0.006] and postoperative [1.32 (1.18, 1.48); P < 0.001] blood transfusions were at greater risk for 30-day readmission. Median follow-up period was 4.19 years (2.45 - 6.10). The 30-day readmission cohort had a significantly higher mortality risk during early (6 months) follow-up [HR 2.49 (2.01-3.10); P < 0.001] and late (60 months) follow-up [HR 1.30 (1.16-1.47); P < 0.001]. After risk adjustment, the 30-day readmission cohort was significantly associated with increased mortality over the study follow-up period [HR 1.62 (1.48, 1.78); P < 0.001]. 30-day readmissions were an independent predictor of subsequent long-term hospital readmission [HR 1.61 (1.50, 1.73); P < 0.001]. Patients who require 30-day readmissions following cardiac surgery are at increased risk of long-term mortality and repeat readmissions. Early postoperative hospital readmission may be a marker for worse long-term outcomes in cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Bianco
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Arman Kilic
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edgar Aranda-Michel
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Thomas G Gleason
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andreas Habertheuer
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yisi Wang
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James A Brown
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Ibrahim Sultan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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25
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Zhuo DX, Bilchick KC, Shah KP, Mehta NK, Mwansa H, Nkanza-Kabaso K, Kwon Y, Breathett KK, Hilton-Buchholz EJ, Mazimba S. MAGGIC, STS, and EuroSCORE II Risk Score Comparison After Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1806-1812. [PMID: 33349502 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk score with the established Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) and EuroSCORE II risk prediction models regarding mortality discrimination after aortic and mitral valve surgery. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Single tertiary academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS A total of 259 patients who underwent open aortic valve replacement or open mitral valve repair/replacement from 2009-2014. INTERVENTIONS Retrospective chart review. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS MAGGIC, STS, and EuroSCORE II risk scores for each patient were studied using binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis for the primary endpoint of one-year mortality and secondary endpoint of 30-day mortality. One-year mortality C-statistics were similar across risk scores (STS 0.709, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.578-0.841; MAGGIC 0.673, 95% CI 0.547-0.799; EuroSCORE II 0.642, 95% CI 0.521-0.762; p = 0.56 between STS and MAGGIC; p = 0.20 between STS and EuroSCORE II; and p = 0.69 between MAGGIC and EuroSCORE II). Thirty-day mortality C-statistics also were similar between STS (0.797, 95% CI 0.655-0.939; p < 0.0001 v null hypothesis), MAGGIC (0.721, 95% CI 0.581-0.860; p = 0.33 v STS), and EuroSCORE II (0.688, 95% CI 0.557-0.818; p = 0.06 v STS; p = 0.68 v MAGGIC). CONCLUSIONS The MAGGIC risk score performs similarly to STS and EuroSCORE II risk models in mortality discrimination after aortic and mitral valve surgery, albeit in a small sample size. This finding has important implications in establishing MAGGIC as a viable prognostic model in this population subset, with fewer variables and ease of use representing key advantages over STS and EuroSCORE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- David X Zhuo
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
| | - Kenneth C Bilchick
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kajal P Shah
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Nishaki K Mehta
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | | | - Younghoon Kwon
- University of Washington Medical Center, University of Washington Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Khadijah K Breathett
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Division of Cardiology/Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, AZ
| | | | - Sula Mazimba
- University of Virginia Health System, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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26
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Tsang MB, Schwalm JD, Gandhi S, Sibbald MG, Gafni A, Mercuri M, Salehian O, Lamy A, Pericak D, Jolly S, Sheth T, Ainsworth C, Velianou J, Valettas N, Mehta S, Pinilla N, Yanagawa B, Zhang L, Chu V, Parry D, Whitlock R, Dyub A, Cybulsky I, Semelhago L, Ioannou K, Hameed A, Wright D, Mulji A, Darvish-Kazem S, Gupta N, Alshatti A, Natarajan MK. Comparison of Heart Team vs Interventional Cardiologist Recommendations for the Treatment of Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2012749. [PMID: 32777060 PMCID: PMC7417969 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although the heart team approach is recommended in revascularization guidelines, the frequency with which heart team decisions differ from those of the original treating interventional cardiologist is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the difference in decisions between the heart team and the original treating interventional cardiologist for the treatment of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, 245 consecutive patients with multivessel coronary artery disease were recruited from 1 high-volume tertiary care referral center (185 patients were enrolled through a screening process, and 60 patients were retrospectively enrolled from the center's database). A total of 237 patients were included in the final virtual heart team analysis. Treatment decisions (which comprised coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, and medication therapy) were made by the original treating interventional cardiologists between March 15, 2012, and October 20, 2014. These decisions were then compared with pooled-majority treatment decisions made by 8 blinded heart teams using structured online case presentations between October 1, 2017, and October 15, 2018. The randomized members of the heart teams comprised experts from 3 domains, with each team containing 1 noninvasive cardiologist, 1 interventional cardiologist, and 1 cardiovascular surgeon. Cases in which all 3 of the heart team members disagreed and cases in which procedural discordance occurred (eg, 2 members chose coronary artery bypass grafting and 1 member chose percutaneous coronary intervention) were discussed in a face-to-face heart team review in October 2018 to obtain pooled-majority decisions. Data were analyzed from May 6, 2019, to April 22, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The Cohen κ coefficient between the treatment recommendation from the heart team and the treatment recommendation from the original treating interventional cardiologist. RESULTS Among 234 of 237 patients (98.7%) in the analysis for whom complete data were available, the mean (SD) age was 67.8 (10.9) years; 176 patients (75.2%) were male, and 191 patients (81.4%) had stenosis in 3 epicardial coronary vessels. A total of 71 differences (30.3%; 95% CI, 24.5%-36.7%) in treatment decisions between the heart team and the original treating interventional cardiologist occurred, with a Cohen κ of 0.478 (95% CI, 0.336-0.540; P = .006). The heart team decision was more frequently unanimous when it was concordant with the decision of the original treating interventional cardiologist (109 of 163 cases [66.9%]) compared with when it was discordant (28 of 71 cases [39.4%]; P < .001). When the heart team agreed with the original treatment decision, there was more agreement between the heart team interventional cardiologist and the original treating interventional cardiologist (138 of 163 cases [84.7%]) compared with when the heart team disagreed with the original treatment decision (14 of 71 cases [19.7%]); P < .001). Those with an original treatment of coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, and medication therapy, 32 of 148 patients [22.3%], 32 of 71 patients [45.1%], and 6 of 15 patients [40.0%], respectively, received a different treatment recommendation from the heart team than the original treating interventional cardiologist; the difference across the 3 groups was statistically significant (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The heart team's recommended treatment for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease differed from that of the original treating interventional cardiologist in up to 30% of cases. This subset of cases was associated with a lower frequency of unanimous decisions within the heart team and less concordance between the interventional cardiologists; discordance was more frequent when percutaneous coronary intervention or medication therapy were considered. Further research is needed to evaluate whether heart team decisions are associated with improvements in outcomes and, if so, how to identify patients for whom the heart team approach would be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. Tsang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. D. Schwalm
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumeet Gandhi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew G. Sibbald
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amiram Gafni
- Center for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mathew Mercuri
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omid Salehian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andre Lamy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dan Pericak
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjit Jolly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tej Sheth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig Ainsworth
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Velianou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas Valettas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shamir Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalia Pinilla
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bobby Yanagawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor Chu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dominic Parry
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Dunedin Hospital, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Richard Whitlock
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adel Dyub
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Cybulsky
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lloyd Semelhago
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kostas Ioannou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adnan Hameed
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas Wright
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amin Mulji
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saeed Darvish-Kazem
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Brampton Civic Hospital, William Osler Health System, Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nandini Gupta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Alshatti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madhu K. Natarajan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Schneider U, Doenst T. Commentary: Keys to surgical success: "Thinking outside the operating room?". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 163:1069-1070. [PMID: 32586603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Schneider
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Low left ventricular ejection fraction, complication rescue, and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 163:111-119.e2. [PMID: 32327186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), complication rescue, and long-term survival after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS National cohort study of patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (2000-2016) using Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program data. Left ventricular ejection fraction was categorized as ≥35% (n = 55,877), 25%-34% (n = 3893), or <25% (n = 1707). Patients were also categorized as having had no complications, 1 complication, or more than 1 complication. The association between LVEF, complication rescue, and risk of death was evaluated with multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS Among 61,477 patients, 6586 (10.7%) had a perioperative complication and 2056 (3.3%) had multiple complications. Relative to LVEF ≥35%, decreasing ejection fraction was associated with greater odds of complications (25%-34%, odds ratio, 1.30 [1.18-1.42]; <25%, odds ratio, 1.65 [1.43-1.92]). There was a dose-response relationship between decreasing LVEF and overall risk of death (≥35% [ref]; 25%-35%, hazard ratio, 1.46 [1.37-1.55]; <25%, hazard ratio, 1.68 [1.58-1.79]). Among patients who were rescued from complications, there were decreases in 10-year survival, regardless of LVEF. Among those rescued after multiple complications, LVEF was no longer associated with risk of death. CONCLUSIONS While decreasing LVEF is associated with post-coronary artery bypass grafting complications, patients rescued from complications have worse long-term survival, regardless of left ventricular function. Prevention and timely treatment of complications should remain a focus of quality improvement initiatives, and future work is needed to mitigate their long-term detrimental impact on survival.
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Worku B, Gaudino M. Size Probably Matters. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:869-870. [PMID: 32119853 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berhane Worku
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 E 68th St, M-404, New York, NY 10065
| | - Mario Gaudino
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 E 68th St, M-404, New York, NY 10065.
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Kiss R, Farkas N, Jancso G, Kovacs K, Lenard L. Determination of frail state and association of frailty with inflammatory markers among cardiac surgery patients in a Central European patient population. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 76:341-350. [PMID: 31683468 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the aging of the population, the screening of frail patients, especially before high-risk surgery, come to the fore. The background of the frail state is not totally clear, most likely inflammatory processes are involved in the development. METHODS Our survey of patients over age of 65 who were on cardiac surgery were performed with Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS). Patients' demographic, perioperative data, incidence of complications and correlations of inflammatory laboratory parameters were studied with the severity of the frail state. RESULTS On the basis of EFS, 313 patients were divided into non-frail (NF,163,52%), pre-frail (PF,89,28.5%) and frail (F,61,19.5%) groups. Number of complications in the three groups were different (NF:0.67/patient, PF:0.76/patient, F:1.08/patient). We showed significant difference between NF and F in both intensive care and hospital stay, but there was no statistical difference between the groups in hospital deaths (NF:5/163, PF:3/89, F:5/61). We also found a significant difference between NF and F patients in preoperative fibrinogen-, CRP- and white blood cell count levels. CONCLUSIONS We first present the incidence of frailty in patients with heart surgery in a Central-European population. According to our results, inflammatory processes are likely to play a role in the development of the frail state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Kiss
- Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nelli Farkas
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gabor Jancso
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovacs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Lenard
- Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary, and Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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