Expanding the Role of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Interventional Cardiology

Artificial Intelligence in Coronary Artery Interventions: Preprocedural Planning and Procedural Assistance

Artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly influenced the field of cardiovascular interventions and coronary artery procedures in particular. AI has enhanced diagnostic accuracy in coronary artery disease through advanced invasive and noninvasive imaging modalities, facilitating more precise diagnosis and personalized interventional strategies. AI integration in coronary interventions has streamlined diagnostic and procedural workflows, improved procedural accuracy, increased clinician efficiency, and enhanced patient safety and outcomes. Despite its potential, AI still faces significant challenges, including concerns regarding algorithmic biases, lack of transparency in AI-driven decision making, and ethical challenges. This review explores the latest advancements of AI applications in coronary artery interventions, focusing on preprocedural planning and real-time procedural guidance. It also addresses the major limitations and obstacles that hinder the widespread clinical adoption of AI technologies in this field.

Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Imaging and Interventional Cardiology: Emerging Trends and Clinical Implications

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the field of cardiovascular imaging, serving as a unifying force that brings together multiple modalities under a single platform. The utility of noninvasive imaging ranges from diagnostic assessment and guiding interventions to prognostic stratification. Multimodality imaging has demonstrated important potential, particularly in patients with heterogeneous diseases, such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Facilitating complex interventional procedures requires accurate image acquisition and interpretation along with precise decision-making. The unique nature of interventional cardiology procedures benefiting from different imaging modalities presents an ideal target for the development of AI-assisted decision-making tools to improve workflow in the catheterization laboratory and personalize the need for transcatheter interventions. This review explores the advancements of AI in noninvasive cardiovascular imaging and interventional cardiology, addressing the clinical use and challenges of current imaging modalities, emerging trends, and promising applications as well as considerations for safe implementation of AI tools in clinical practice. Current practice has moved well beyond the question of whether we should or should not use AI in clinical health care settings. AI, in all its forms, has become deeply embedded in clinical workflows, particularly in cardiovascular imaging and interventional cardiology. It can, in the future, not only add precision and quantification but also serve as a means by which to fuse and link multimodalities together. It is only by understanding how AI techniques work, that the field can be harnessed for the greater good and avoid uninformed bias or misleading diagnoses.

Emerging technologies for cardiac tissue engineering and artificial hearts

Heart diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, have brought heavy burden on society for their high morbidity and mortality. In clinical, heart transplantation is recognized as an effective strategy to rescue the lives of patients, while it may suffer from lack of donors and possible immune responses. In view of this, tremendous efforts have been devoted to developing alternative strategies to recover the function and promote the regeneration of cardiac tissues. As an emerging field blending cell biology and material science, tissue engineering technique allows the construction of biomimetic living complexes as organ substitutes for heart repair. In this review, we will present the recent progress in cardiac tissue engineering and artificial hearts. After introducing the critical elements in cardiac tissue engineering, we will present advanced fabrication methods to achieve scaffolds with desired micro/nanostructure design as well as the applications of these bioinspired scaffolds. We will also discuss the current dilemma and possible development direction from a biomedical perspective.