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Akita K, Hasegawa K, Fifer MA, Tower-Rader A, Jung J, Maurer MS, Reilly MP, Shimada YJ. Prediction of cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using plasma adipokine levels. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1352-1360. [PMID: 38403486 PMCID: PMC11116053 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) causes cardiac death through both sudden cardiac death (SCD) and death due to heart failure (HF). Although adipokines lead to adverse cardiac remodeling in HCM, the prognostic value of plasma adipokines in HCM remains unknown. We aimed to predict cardiac death in patients with HCM using plasma adipokines. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with HCM. The outcome was cardiac death including heart transplant, death due to HF, and SCD. With data from 1 institution (training set), a prediction model was developed using random forest classification algorithm based on 10 plasma adipokines. The performance of the prediction model adjusted for 8 clinical parameters was examined in samples from another institution (test set). Time-to-event analysis was performed in the test set to compare the rate of outcome events between the low-risk and high-risk groups determined by the prediction model. In total, 389 (267 in the training set; 122 in the test set) patients with HCM were included. During the median follow-up of 2.7 years, 21 patients experienced the outcome event. The area under the covariates-adjusted receiver-operating characteristics curve was 0.89 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.71-0.99) in the test set. revealed the high-risk group had a significantly higher risk of cardiac death (hazard ratio 17.8, 95 % CI 2.1-148.3, P = 0.008). CONCLUSION The present multicenter prospective study demonstrated that a panel of plasma adipokines predicts cardiac death in patients with HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Akita
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Fifer
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albree Tower-Rader
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mathew S Maurer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuichi J Shimada
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Gui LK, Liu HJ, Jin LJ, Peng XC. Krüpple-like factors in cardiomyopathy: emerging player and therapeutic opportunities. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1342173. [PMID: 38516000 PMCID: PMC10955087 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1342173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy, a heterogeneous pathological condition characterized by changes in cardiac structure or function, represents a significant risk factor for the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research conducted over the years has led to the modification of definition and classification of cardiomyopathy. Herein, we reviewed seven of the most common types of cardiomyopathies, including Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC), diabetic cardiomyopathy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), desmin-associated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM), Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (ICM), and obesity cardiomyopathy, focusing on their definitions, epidemiology, and influencing factors. Cardiomyopathies manifest in various ways ranging from microscopic alterations in cardiomyocytes, to tissue hypoperfusion, cardiac failure, and arrhythmias caused by electrical conduction abnormalities. As pleiotropic Transcription Factors (TFs), the Krüppel-Like Factors (KLFs), a family of zinc finger proteins, are involved in regulating the setting and development of cardiomyopathies, and play critical roles in associated biological processes, including Oxidative Stress (OS), inflammatory reactions, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, and cellular autophagy and apoptosis, particularly in diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, research into KLFs in cardiomyopathy is still in its early stages, and the pathophysiologic mechanisms of some KLF members in various types of cardiomyopathies remain unclear. This article reviews the roles and recent research advances in KLFs, specifically those targeting and regulating several cardiomyopathy-associated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Kun Gui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Huang-Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Jun Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Basic Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Cresci S, Bach RG, Saberi S, Owens AT, Spertus JA, Hegde SM, Lakdawala NK, Nilles EK, Wojdyla DM, Sehnert AJ, Wang A. Effect of Mavacamten in Women Compared With Men With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Insights From EXPLORER-HCM. Circulation 2024; 149:498-509. [PMID: 37961906 PMCID: PMC11006596 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with men, women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have a higher incidence of heart failure and worse outcomes. We investigated baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics and response to mavacamten among women compared with men in the EXPLORER-HCM study (Clinical Study to Evaluate Mavacamten [MYK-461] in Adults With Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy). METHODS A prespecified post hoc analysis of sex from the blinded, randomized EXPLORER-HCM trial of mavacamten versus placebo in symptomatic patients with obstructive HCM was performed. Baseline characteristics were compared with t tests for continuous variables (expressed as mean values) and χ2 tests for categorical variables. Prespecified primary, secondary, and exploratory end points and echocardiographic measurements from baseline to end of treatment (week 30) were analyzed with ANCOVA for continuous end points and a generalized linear model with binomial distribution for binary end points, with adjustment for each outcome's baseline value, New York Heart Association class, β-blocker use, and ergometer type. RESULTS At baseline, women (n=102) were older (62 years versus 56 years; P<0.0001), had lower peak oxygen consumption (16.7 mL·kg-1·min-1 versus 21.3 mL·kg-1·min-1; P<0.0001), were more likely to be assigned New York Heart Association class III (42% versus 17%; P<0.0001), had worse health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Clinical Summary Score 64 versus 75; P<0.0001), and had higher baseline plasma NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) levels (1704 ng/L versus 990 ng/L; P=0.004) than men (n=149). After 30 weeks of mavacamten treatment, similar improvements were observed in women and men in the primary composite end point (percentage difference on mavacamten versus placebo, 22% versus 19%, respectively; P=0.759) and in the secondary end points of change in postexercise left ventricular outflow tract gradient (-42.4 mm Hg versus -33.6 mm Hg; P=0.348), change in peak oxygen consumption (1.2 mL·kg-1·min-1 versus 1.6 mL·kg-1·min-1; P=0.633), and percentage achieving ≥1 New York Heart Association class improvement (41% versus 28%; P=0.254). However, women had greater improvement in health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Clinical Summary Score 14.8 versus 6.1; P=0.026) and in the exploratory end point of NT-proBNP levels (-1322 ng/L versus -649 ng/L; P=0.0008). CONCLUSIONS Although at baseline women with symptomatic obstructive HCM enrolled in EXPLORER-HCM were older and had worse heart failure and health status than men, treatment with mavacamten resulted in similar improvements in the primary and most secondary EXPLORER-HCM end points and greater improvements in health status and NT-proBNP. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03470545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Cresci
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Richard G. Bach
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Anjali T. Owens
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John A. Spertus
- University of Missouri-Kansas City’s Healthcare Institute for Innovations in Quality and Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Sheila M. Hegde
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Neal K. Lakdawala
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Du Z, Wang K, Cui Y, Xie X, Zhu R, Dong F, Guo X. The China Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Project (CHCMP): The Rationale and Design of a Multicenter, Prospective, Registry Cohort Study. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-023-10477-4. [PMID: 38180696 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with adverse outcomes, such as heart failure, arrhythmia, and mortality. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a common cause of death in HCM patients, and identification of patients at a high risk of SCD is crucial in clinical practice. The China Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Project is a hospital-based, multicenter, prospective, registry cohort study of HCM patients, covering a total of 3000 participants and with a 5-year follow-up plan. A large number of demographic characteristics and clinical data will be fully collected to identify prognostic factors in Chinese HCM patients. Furthermore, the main purpose of this study is to integrate demographic and clinical characteristics to establish new 5-year SCD risk predictive equations for Chinese HCM patients by the use of machine learning technologies. The project has crucial clinical significance for risk stratification and determination of HCM patients with high risk of adverse outcomes. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: ChiCTR2300070909.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yawei Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanghong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Turesh K, Tanisha, Soojal, Rajani D. Comment on: Impact of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Presented With Cardiogenic Shock/Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102091. [PMID: 37734692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Turesh
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Tanisha
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Soojal
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Deepak Rajani
- Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
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Zhao Y, Li C, Tang D, Luo Y, Xiang C, Huang L, Zhou X, Fang J, Wei X, Xia L. Early reverse remodeling of left heart morphology and function evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy after transapical beating-heart septal myectomy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2023; 25:70. [PMID: 38008762 PMCID: PMC10680272 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-023-00987-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the early morphology and function of the left heart in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) after transapical beating-heart septal myectomy (TA-BSM) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Between April 2022 and January 2023, HOCM patients who underwent CMR before and 3 months after TA-BSM were prospectively and consecutively enrolled in the study. Preoperative and postoperative cardiac morphological and functional parameters, including those for the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV), were compared. The left ventricular remodeling index (LVRI) was defined as the ratio between left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV). Healthy participants with a similar age and sex distribution were enrolled for comparison. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the parameters and LVRI. Last, univariate and multivariate linear regression identified variables associated with the LVM index (LVMI) and LVRI. RESULTS Forty-one patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 46 ± 2 years; 27 males) and 41 healthy control participants were evaluated. Eighteen (44%) HOCM patients were classified as having a sigmoid septum, and 23 patients had a reverse septal curvature. LA volume, diameter and function were significantly improved postoperatively, but still worse than healthy controls (all p < 0.001). Compared to before the operation, left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), LVMI, and LVRI decreased after TA-BSM (all p < 0.001). The left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) decreased in patients with a sigmoid septum. However, LVEDVI and LVEDD increased in those with a reverse septal curvature (both p < 0.001). In addition, both preoperative and postoperative LVRI was positively correlated with LVMI (r = 0.734 and 0.853, both p < 0.001) and maximum wall thickness (r = 0.679 and 0.676, both p < 0.001), respectively. In the multivariable analysis, the weight of the resected myocardium (adjusted β = 0.476, p = 0.005) and △mitral regurgitation degree (adjusted β = - 0.245, p = 0.040) were associated with △LVRI. Last, the △LVOTG (adjusted β = 0.436, p = 0.018) and baseline LVMI (adjusted β = 0.323, p = 0.040) were independently associated with greater left ventricular mass regression after TA-BSM. CONCLUSION CMR confirmed early reverse remodeling of left heart morphology and function in HOCM patients following TA-BSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenhe Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dazhong Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlin Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhou
- MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liming Xia
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Opałka B, Żołnierczuk M, Grabowska M. Immunosuppressive Agents-Effects on the Cardiovascular System and Selected Metabolic Aspects: A Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6935. [PMID: 37959400 PMCID: PMC10647341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs makes it possible to reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases, as well as prevent transplant rejection in organ recipients. Despite their key action in blocking the body's immune response, these drugs have many side effects. These actions primarily affect the cardiovascular system, and the incidence of complications in patients using immunosuppressive drugs is significant, being associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular incidents such as myocardial infarction and stroke. This paper analyzes the mechanisms of action of commonly used immunosuppressive drugs and their impact on the cardiovascular system. The adverse effect of immunosuppressive drugs is associated with toxicity within the cardiovascular system, which may be a problem in the clinical management of patients after transplantation. Immunosuppressants act on the cardiovascular system in a variety of ways, including fibrosis and myocardial remodeling, endothelium disfunction, hypertension, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia or hyperglycaemia, metabolic syndrome, and hyperuricemia. The use of multidrug protocols makes it possible to develop regimens that can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events. A better understanding of their mechanism of action and the range of complications could enable physicians to select the appropriate therapy for a given patient, as well as to reduce complications and prolong life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Opałka
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Michał Żołnierczuk
- Department of Plastic, Endocrine and General Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, 72-010 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
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Guler A, Turkmen I, Atmaca S, Karakurt H, Kahraman S, Aydin S, Sevinc S, Tukenmez Karakurt S, Turkvatan Cansever A, Erturk M, Babur Guler G. Influence of cardiac biomarkers on predicting significant coronary artery disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. Heart Vessels 2023; 38:1329-1336. [PMID: 37414867 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, our aim was to investigate the role of cardiac biomarkers in predicting the presence of significant coronary artery disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. METHODS The study population was composed of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients who underwent coronary angiography at a single center between June 2021 and March 2023, and whose cardiac biomarkers were evaluated before the procedure. HCM patients were screened retrospectively. Significant CAD was defined as > 50% stenosis of the left main coronary artery or > 70% stenosis in a major coronary vessel. Demographic, echocardiographic and cardiac biomarker values were compared between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 123 patients were evaluated. Significant CAD was detected in 39 (31.7%) patients. Patients with significant CAD had higher CK-MB values than those without CAD [2.8 (2.1-4.0) vs. 3.4 (2.8-4.6), p = 0.036], and a higher level of high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) than those without CAD (24 vs. 17.8, p = 0.022). the NT-proBNP/hs-TnT ratio was found to be significantly lower in patients with CAD than in those with CAD (31.4 vs. 21.4, p = 0.019). In multivariate anaylsis, NT-proBNP/hs-TnT was determined as an independent predictor for significant CAD. In ROC analysis, NT-proBNP/hs-TnT ratio lower than the cut-off value of 30.7 could detect the presence of significant CAD with 76.9% sensitivity and 53.6% specificity (AUC: 0.632, 95% CI: 0.528-0.736, p = 0.019). CONCLUSION To sum up, we suggest that cardiac biomarkers were valuable and simple parameters in terms of significant CAD in HCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arda Guler
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Irem Turkmen
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Atmaca
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Karakurt
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kahraman
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Aydin
- Department of Radiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samet Sevinc
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Tukenmez Karakurt
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Turkvatan Cansever
- Department of Radiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erturk
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Babur Guler
- Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istasyon Mahallesi, Turgut Ozal Bulvarı, No: 11, Küçükçekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
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Mami W, Znaidi-Marzouki S, Doghri R, Ben Ahmed M, Znaidi S, Messadi E. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Increases the Severity of Myocardial Infarction after Acute Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2945. [PMID: 38001946 PMCID: PMC10669621 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) has been linked to several inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the relationship between IBD and MI remains unclear. Here, we implemented an original mouse model combining IBD and MI to determine IBD's impact on MI severity and the link between the two diseases. (2) Methods: An IBD model was established by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration in drinking water, alone or with oral C. albicans (Ca) gavage. IBD severity was assessed by clinical/histological scores and intestinal/systemic inflammatory biomarker measurement. Mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and MI severity was assessed by quantifying infarct size (IS) and serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels. (3) Results: IBD mice exhibited elevated fecal lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and IL-6 levels. DSS mice exhibited almost two-fold increase in IS compared to controls, with serum cTnI levels strongly correlated with IS. Ca inoculation tended to worsen DSS-induced systemic inflammation and IR injury, an observation which is not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: This is the first proof-of-concept study demonstrating the impact of IBD on MI severity and suggesting mechanistic aspects involved in the IBD-MI connection. Our findings could pave the way for MI therapeutic approaches based on identified IBD-induced inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Mami
- Plateforme de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaires (P2C), Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
| | - Soumaya Znaidi-Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Transmission, Contrôle et Immunobiologie des Infections (LR16IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (S.Z.-M.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Raoudha Doghri
- Département d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Institut Salah-Azaeiz, Université El-Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia;
| | - Melika Ben Ahmed
- Laboratoire de Transmission, Contrôle et Immunobiologie des Infections (LR16IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (S.Z.-M.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Sadri Znaidi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Moléculaire, Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique (LR16IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, INRA, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Erij Messadi
- Plateforme de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaires (P2C), Laboratoire des Biomolécules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
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Sun Y, Wang M, Tan X, Zhang H, Yang S. Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4805-4818. [PMID: 37908757 PMCID: PMC10614660 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s428709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is globally prevalent, with oxidative stress as a key contributor to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to explore oxidative stress-related genes as potential AMI biomarkers, elucidating their role in disease progression. Patients and Methods Gene expression data from AMI samples in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) from the GeneCards database were extracted. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified key module genes associated with AMI. Intersecting OSRGs, key module genes, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AMI and normal samples led to the extraction of differentially expressed ORSGs (DE-ORSGs) related to AMI. Feature genes were mined using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, followed by potential diagnostic value assessment using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was executed on the identified key genes. Immune infiltration levels were explored using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and a Transcription Factor (TF) -mRNA regulatory network of key genes was created. The key genes were validated using qRT-PCR. Results We authenticated three key genes (MMP9, TGFBR3, and S100A12) from 6 DE-ORSGs identified in AMI. GSEA revealed that these key genes were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Immune infiltration analysis identified three differential immune cell types (resting NK cells, Monocytes, and M0 Macrophages) between AMI and normal groups. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations of MMP9 with M0 Macrophages and S100A12 with Monocytes and M0 Macrophages, whereas TGFBR3 was negatively related to Monocytes. A TF-mRNA regulatory network was generated based on these key genes. qRT-PCR validation confirmed the differential expression of S100A12 and TGFBR3 between AMI and control samples. Conclusion TGFBR3, and S100A12 were identified as potential oxidative stress-related biomarkers in AMI, providing new insights for AMI diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Samaras A, Moysidis DV, Papazoglou AS, Rampidis G, Kampaktsis PN, Kouskouras K, Efthymiadis G, Ziakas A, Fragakis N, Vassilikos V, Giannakoulas G. Diagnostic Puzzles and Cause-Targeted Treatment Strategies in Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: An Updated Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6198. [PMID: 37834842 PMCID: PMC10573806 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is a distinct subtype of myocardial infarction (MI), occurring in about 8-10% of spontaneous MI cases referred for coronary angiography. Unlike MI with obstructive coronary artery disease, MINOCA's pathogenesis is more intricate and heterogeneous, involving mechanisms such as coronary thromboembolism, coronary vasospasm, microvascular dysfunction, dissection, or plaque rupture. Diagnosing MINOCA presents challenges and includes invasive and non-invasive strategies aiming to differentiate it from alternative diagnoses and confirm the criteria of elevated cardiac biomarkers, non-obstructive coronary arteries, and the absence of alternate explanations for the acute presentation. Tailored management strategies for MINOCA hinge on identifying the underlying cause of the infarction, necessitating systematic diagnostic approaches. Furthermore, determining the optimal post-MINOCA medication regimen remains uncertain. This review aims to comprehensively address the current state of knowledge, encompassing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, in the context of MINOCA while also highlighting the evolving landscape and future directions for advancing our understanding and management of this intricate myocardial infarction subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Samaras
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
- Second Cardiology Department, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios V. Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
- Third Cardiology Department, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Andreas S. Papazoglou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Georgios Rampidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Polydoros N. Kampaktsis
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Konstantinos Kouskouras
- Department of Radiology, AHEPA University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Efthymiadis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Antonios Ziakas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
| | - Nikolaos Fragakis
- Second Cardiology Department, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Vassilikos
- Third Cardiology Department, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - George Giannakoulas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (D.V.M.); (A.S.P.); (G.R.); (G.E.); (A.Z.)
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12
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Ayers MP, Kramer CM. Imaging Myofibrillar Disarray and Microvascular Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Novel Imaging Biomarkers for a New Era in Therapeutics. Circulation 2023; 148:819-821. [PMID: 37669360 PMCID: PMC10491427 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher M. Kramer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging
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13
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Ottaviani A, Mansour D, Molinari LV, Galanti K, Mantini C, Khanji MY, Chahal AA, Zimarino M, Renda G, Sciarra L, Pelliccia F, Gallina S, Ricci F. Revisiting Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Current Practice and Novel Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5710. [PMID: 37685777 PMCID: PMC10489039 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent genetic disorder characterised by left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial disarray, and an increased risk of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, treatment options for HCM remain limited. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current clinical practice and explore emerging therapeutic strategies for sarcomeric HCM, with a focus on cardiac myosin inhibitors. We first discuss the conventional management of HCM, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, and invasive interventions, emphasizing their limitations and challenges. Next, we highlight recent advances in molecular genetics and their potential applications in refining HCM diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. We delve into emerging therapies, such as gene editing, RNA-based therapies, targeted small molecules, and cardiac myosin modulators like mavacamten and aficamten, which hold promise in modulating the underlying molecular mechanisms of HCM. Mavacamten and aficamten, selective modulators of cardiac myosin, have demonstrated encouraging results in clinical trials by reducing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and improving symptoms in patients with obstructive HCM. We discuss their mechanisms of action, clinical trial outcomes, and potential implications for the future of HCM management. Furthermore, we examine the role of precision medicine in HCM management, exploring how individualised treatment strategies, including exercise prescription as part of the management plan, may optimise patient outcomes. Finally, we underscore the importance of multidisciplinary care and patient-centred approaches to address the complex needs of HCM patients. This review also aims to encourage further research and collaboration in the field of HCM, promoting the development of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies, such as cardiac myosin modulators, to hopefully improve the quality of life and outcome of patients with sarcomeric HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ottaviani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Mansour
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo V. Molinari
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Kristian Galanti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cesare Mantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mohammed Y. Khanji
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Newham University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E13 8SL, UK
- NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Anwar A. Chahal
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, WellSpan Health, Lancaster, PA 17605, USA
- Cardiac Electrophysiology, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 17605, USA
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Renda
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Sciarra
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Pelliccia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Heart Department, SS. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
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14
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Salvatori F, D’Aversa E, Serino ML, Singh AV, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Tisato V, Gemmati D. miRNAs Epigenetic Tuning of Wall Remodeling in the Early Phase after Myocardial Infarction: A Novel Epidrug Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13268. [PMID: 37686073 PMCID: PMC10487654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death in Western countries. An early diagnosis decreases subsequent severe complications such as wall remodeling or heart failure and improves treatments and interventions. Novel therapeutic targets have been recognized and, together with the development of direct and indirect epidrugs, the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) yields great expectancy. ncRNAs are a group of RNAs not translated into a product and, among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most investigated subgroup since they are involved in several pathological processes related to MI and post-MI phases such as inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. These processes and pathways are finely tuned by miRNAs via complex mechanisms. We are at the beginning of the investigation and the main paths are still underexplored. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the recent findings on epigenetic changes involved in the first phases after MI as well as on the role of the several miRNAs. We focused on miRNAs function and on their relationship with key molecules and cells involved in healing processes after an ischemic accident, while also giving insight into the discrepancy between males and females in the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Salvatori
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Elisabetta D’Aversa
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Serino
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Environmental Science and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- University Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- University Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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15
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Rabino M, Sommariva E, Zacchigna S, Pompilio G. From bedside to the bench: patient-specific hiPSC-EC models uncover endothelial dysfunction in genetic cardiomyopathies. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1237101. [PMID: 37538375 PMCID: PMC10394630 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1237101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic cardiomyopathies are a group of inherited disorders in which myocardial structure and function are damaged. Many of these pathologies are rare and present with heterogenous phenotypes, thus personalized models are required to completely uncover their pathological mechanisms and develop valuable therapeutic strategies. Both cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, differentiated from patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells, represent the most studied human cardiac cell models in the context of genetic cardiomyopathies. While endothelial dysfunction has been recognized as a possible pathogenetic mechanism, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells are less studied, despite they constitute a suitable model to specifically dissect the role of the dysfunctional endothelium in the development and progression of these pathologies. In this review, we summarize the main studies in which human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells are used to investigate endothelial dysfunction in genetic-based cardiomyopathies to highlight new potential targets exploitable for therapeutic intervention, and we discuss novel perspectives that encourage research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rabino
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Unit of Cardio-Oncology, Centro Cardiologico Monzino—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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