1
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Ryom KI, Basu A, Stendardi D, Ciaramelli E, Treves A. Taking time to compose thoughts with prefrontal schemata. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1101-1114. [PMID: 38483564 PMCID: PMC11078815 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Under what conditions can prefrontal cortex direct the composition of brain states, to generate coherent streams of thoughts? Using a simplified Potts model of cortical dynamics, crudely differentiated into two halves, we show that once activity levels are regulated, so as to disambiguate a single temporal sequence, whether the contents of the sequence are mainly determined by the frontal or by the posterior half, or by neither, depends on statistical parameters that describe its microcircuits. The frontal cortex tends to lead if it has more local attractors, longer lasting and stronger ones, in order of increasing importance. Its guidance is particularly effective to the extent that posterior cortices do not tend to transition from state to state on their own. The result may be related to prefrontal cortex enforcing its temporally-oriented schemata driving coherent sequences of brain states, unlike the atemporal "context" contributed by the hippocampus. Modelling a mild prefrontal (vs. posterior) lesion offers an account of mind-wandering and event construction deficits observed in prefrontal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Il Ryom
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anindita Basu
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Debora Stendardi
- Dip. Psicologia Renzo Canestrari, Univ. Bologna, Viale C. Berti-Pichat 5, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Ciaramelli
- Dip. Psicologia Renzo Canestrari, Univ. Bologna, Viale C. Berti-Pichat 5, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Treves
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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2
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Kapoor V. Columnar and diffuse topographies in the marmoset prefrontal connectome. Neuron 2023; 111:2121-2122. [PMID: 37473723 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this issue of Neuron, Watakabe et al.1 utilize serial two-photon tomography to reveal that the intra- and inter-regional prefrontal cortex projections in the marmoset brain terminate with two characteristic patterns, columnar and diffused, both of which display a topographically organized gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kapoor
- Laboratory of Neural Dynamics of Visual Perception and Cognition, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China.
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3
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Watakabe A, Skibbe H, Nakae K, Abe H, Ichinohe N, Rachmadi MF, Wang J, Takaji M, Mizukami H, Woodward A, Gong R, Hata J, Van Essen DC, Okano H, Ishii S, Yamamori T. Local and long-distance organization of prefrontal cortex circuits in the marmoset brain. Neuron 2023; 111:2258-2273.e10. [PMID: 37196659 PMCID: PMC10789578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has dramatically expanded in primates, but its organization and interactions with other brain regions are only partially understood. We performed high-resolution connectomic mapping of the marmoset PFC and found two contrasting corticocortical and corticostriatal projection patterns: "patchy" projections that formed many columns of submillimeter scale in nearby and distant regions and "diffuse" projections that spread widely across the cortex and striatum. Parcellation-free analyses revealed representations of PFC gradients in these projections' local and global distribution patterns. We also demonstrated column-scale precision of reciprocal corticocortical connectivity, suggesting that PFC contains a mosaic of discrete columns. Diffuse projections showed considerable diversity in the laminar patterns of axonal spread. Altogether, these fine-grained analyses reveal important principles of local and long-distance PFC circuits in marmosets and provide insights into the functional organization of the primate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiya Watakabe
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Haptic Perception and Cognitive Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Henrik Skibbe
- Brain Image Analysis Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Ken Nakae
- Integrated Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Haptic Perception and Cognitive Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Noritaka Ichinohe
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan
| | - Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi
- Brain Image Analysis Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesia
| | - Jian Wang
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takaji
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Haptic Perception and Cognitive Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizukami
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Alexander Woodward
- Connectome Analysis Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Rui Gong
- Connectome Analysis Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Junichi Hata
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - David C Van Essen
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
| | - Shin Ishii
- Integrated Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamamori
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Haptic Perception and Cognitive Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Marmoset Biology and Medicine, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan.
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4
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Lou F, Tang X, Quan Z, Qian M, Wang J, Qu S, Gao Y, Wang Y, Pan G, Lai HY, Roe AW, Zhang X. A 16-channel loop array for in vivo macaque whole-brain imaging at 7 T. Magn Reson Imaging 2023:S0730-725X(23)00110-8. [PMID: 37356599 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Combining multimodal approaches with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has catapulted the research on brain circuitries of non-human primates (NHPs) into a new era. However, many studies are constrained by a lack of appropriate RF coils. In this study,a single loop transmit and 16-channel receive array coil was constructed for brain imaging of macaques at 7 Tesla (7 T). The 16 receive channels were mounted on a 3D-printed helmet-shaped form closely fiting the macaque head, with fourteen openings arranged for multimodal devices around the cortical regions. Coil performance was evaluated by quantifying and comparing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) maps, noise correlations, g-factor maps and flip-angle maps with a 28-channel commercial knee coil. The in vivo results suggested that the macaque coil has higher SNR in cortical regions and better acceleration ability in parallel imaging, which may benefit revealing mesoscale organizations in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Lou
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocui Tang
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyan Quan
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meizhen Qian
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbao Wang
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxian Qu
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueming Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Pan
- The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hsin-Yi Lai
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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5
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Whitfield JF, Rennie K, Chakravarthy B. Alzheimer's Disease and Its Possible Evolutionary Origin: Hypothesis. Cells 2023; 12:1618. [PMID: 37371088 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The enormous, 2-3-million-year evolutionary expansion of hominin neocortices to the current enormity enabled humans to take over the planet. However, there appears to have been a glitch, and it occurred without a compensatory expansion of the entorhinal cortical (EC) gateway to the hippocampal memory-encoding system needed to manage the processing of the increasing volume of neocortical data converging on it. The resulting age-dependent connectopathic glitch was unnoticed by the early short-lived populations. It has now surfaced as Alzheimer's disease (AD) in today's long-lived populations. With advancing age, processing of the converging neocortical data by the neurons of the relatively small lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) inflicts persistent strain and high energy costs on these cells. This may result in their hyper-release of harmless Aβ1-42 monomers into the interstitial fluid, where they seed the formation of toxic amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) that initiate AD. At the core of connectopathic AD are the postsynaptic cellular prion protein (PrPC). Electrostatic binding of the negatively charged AβOs to the positively charged N-terminus of PrPC induces hyperphosphorylation of tau that destroys synapses. The spread of these accumulating AβOs from ground zero is supported by Aβ's own production mediated by target cells' Ca2+-sensing receptors (CaSRs). These data suggest that an early administration of a strongly positively charged, AβOs-interacting peptide or protein, plus an inhibitor of CaSR, might be an effective AD-arresting therapeutic combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Whitfield
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Kerry Rennie
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Balu Chakravarthy
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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6
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Pan L, Ping A, Schriver KE, Roe AW, Zhu J, Xu K. Infrared neural stimulation in human cerebral cortex. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:418-430. [PMID: 36731770 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulation of brain circuits by electrical stimulation has led to exciting and powerful therapies for diseases such as Parkinson's. Because human brain organization is based in mesoscale (millimeter-scale) functional nodes, having a method that can selectively target such nodes could enable more precise, functionally specific stimulation therapies. Infrared Neural Stimulation (INS) is an emerging stimulation technology that stimulates neural tissue via delivery of tiny heat pulses. In nonhuman primates, this optical method provides focal intensity-dependent stimulation of the brain without tissue damage. However, whether INS application to the human central nervous system (CNS) is similarly effective is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of INS on human cerebral cortex in intraoperative setting and to evaluate INS damage threshholds. METHODS Five epileptic subjects undergoing standard lobectomy for epilepsy consented to this study. Cortical response to INS was assessed by intrinsic signal optical imaging (OI, a method that detects changes in tissue reflectance due to neuronal activity). A custom integrated INS and OI system was developed specifically for short-duration INS and OI acquisition during surgical procedures. Single pulse trains of INS with intensities from 0.2 to 0.8 J/cm2 were delivered to the somatosensory cortex and responses were recorded via optical imaging. Following tissue resection, histological analysis was conducted to evaluate damage threshholds. RESULTS As assessed by OI, and similar to results in monkeys, INS induced responses in human cortex were highly focal (millimeter sized) and led to relative suppression of nearby cortical sites. Intensity dependence was observed at both stimulated and functionally connected sites. Histological analysis of INS-stimulated human cortical tissue provided damage threshold estimates. CONCLUSION This is the first study demonstrating application of INS to human CNS and shows feasibility for stimulating single cortical nodes and associated sites and provided INS damage threshold estimates for cortical tissue. Our results suggest that INS is a promising tool for stimulation of functionally selective mesoscale circuits in the human brain, and may lead to advances in the future of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pan
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies (QAAS), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - An Ping
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kenneth E Schriver
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kedi Xu
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies (QAAS), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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7
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Schmidt KE, Galuske RAW. Editorial: Functional columnar organization and long-range circuits in different cortical systems. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1168606. [PMID: 37021038 PMCID: PMC10067868 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1168606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin E. Schmidt
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kerstin E. Schmidt
| | - Ralf A. W. Galuske
- Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany
- Centre for Cognitive Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany
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8
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Zaraza D, Chernov MM, Yang Y, Rogers JA, Roe AW, Friedman RM. Head-mounted optical imaging and optogenetic stimulation system for use in behaving primates. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100351. [PMID: 36590689 PMCID: PMC9795332 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Advances in optical technology have revolutionized studies of brain function in freely behaving mice. Here, we describe an optical imaging and stimulation device for use in primates that easily attaches to an intracranial chamber. It consists of affordable commercially available or 3D-printed components: a monochromatic camera, a small standard lens, a wireless μLED stimulator powered by an induction coil, and an LED array for illumination. We show that the intrinsic imaging performance of this device is comparable to a standard benchtop system in revealing the functional organization of the visual cortex for awake macaques in a primate chair or under anesthesia. Imaging revealed neural modulatory effects of wireless focal optogenetic stimulation aimed at identified functional domains. With a 1 to 2 cm field of view, 100× larger than previously used in primates without head restraint, our device permits widefield optical imaging and optogenetic stimulation for ethological studies in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Zaraza
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Mykyta M. Chernov
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Yiyuan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Anna W. Roe
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Robert M. Friedman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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9
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Uncovering the Secrets of the Concept of Place in Cognitive Maps Aided by Artificial Intelligence. Cognit Comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12559-022-10064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Mir Y, Zalányi L, Pálfi E, Ashaber M, Roe AW, Friedman RM, Négyessy L. Modular Organization of Signal Transmission in Primate Somatosensory Cortex. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:915238. [PMID: 35873660 PMCID: PMC9305200 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.915238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal patches are known as the major sites of synaptic connections in the cerebral cortex of higher order mammals. However, the functional role of these patches is highly debated. Patches are formed by populations of nearby neurons in a topographic manner and are recognized as the termination fields of long-distance lateral connections within and between cortical areas. In addition, axons form numerous boutons that lie outside the patches, whose function is also unknown. To better understand the functional roles of these two distinct populations of boutons, we compared individual and collective morphological features of axons within and outside the patches of intra-areal, feedforward, and feedback pathways by way of tract tracing in the somatosensory cortex of New World monkeys. We found that, with the exception of tortuosity, which is an invariant property, bouton spacing and axonal convergence properties differ significantly between axons within patch and no-patch domains. Principal component analyses corroborated the clustering of axons according to patch formation without any additional effect by the type of pathway or laminar distribution. Stepwise logistic regression identified convergence and bouton density as the best predictors of patch formation. These findings support that patches are specific sites of axonal convergence that promote the synchronous activity of neuronal populations. On the other hand, no-patch domains could form a neuroanatomical substrate to diversify the responses of cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqub Mir
- Theoretical Neuroscience and Complex Systems Group, Department of Computational Sciences, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Yaqub Mir
| | - László Zalányi
- Theoretical Neuroscience and Complex Systems Group, Department of Computational Sciences, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Pálfi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Ashaber
- California Institute of Technology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Anna W. Roe
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Robert M. Friedman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - László Négyessy
- Theoretical Neuroscience and Complex Systems Group, Department of Computational Sciences, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
- László Négyessy
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11
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Tian Y, Li G, Sun P. Information evolution in complex networks. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2022; 32:073105. [PMID: 35907740 DOI: 10.1063/5.0096009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many biological phenomena or social events critically depend on how information evolves in complex networks. However, a general theory to characterize information evolution is yet absent. Consequently, numerous unknowns remain about the mechanisms underlying information evolution. Among these unknowns, a fundamental problem, being a seeming paradox, lies in the coexistence of local randomness, manifested as the stochastic distortion of information content during individual-individual diffusion, and global regularity, illustrated by specific non-random patterns of information content on the network scale. Here, we attempt to formalize information evolution and explain the coexistence of randomness and regularity in complex networks. Applying network dynamics and information theory, we discover that a certain amount of information, determined by the selectivity of networks to the input information, frequently survives from random distortion. Other information will inevitably experience distortion or dissipation, whose speeds are shaped by the diversity of information selectivity in networks. The discovered laws exist irrespective of noise, but noise accounts for disturbing them. We further demonstrate the ubiquity of our discovered laws by analyzing the emergence of neural tuning properties in the primary visual and medial temporal cortices of animal brains and the emergence of extreme opinions in social networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Mai P, Hampl J, Baca M, Brauer D, Singh S, Weise F, Borowiec J, Schmidt A, Küstner JM, Klett M, Gebinoga M, Schroeder IS, Markert UR, Glahn F, Schumann B, Eckstein D, Schober A. MatriGrid® Based Biological Morphologies: Tools for 3D Cell Culturing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9050220. [PMID: 35621498 PMCID: PMC9138054 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9050220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent trends in 3D cell culturing has placed organotypic tissue models at another level. Now, not only is the microenvironment at the cynosure of this research, but rather, microscopic geometrical parameters are also decisive for mimicking a tissue model. Over the years, technologies such as micromachining, 3D printing, and hydrogels are making the foundation of this field. However, mimicking the topography of a particular tissue-relevant substrate can be achieved relatively simply with so-called template or morphology transfer techniques. Over the last 15 years, in one such research venture, we have been investigating a micro thermoforming technique as a facile tool for generating bioinspired topographies. We call them MatriGrid®s. In this research account, we summarize our learning outcome from this technique in terms of the influence of 3D micro morphologies on different cell cultures that we have tested in our laboratory. An integral part of this research is the evolution of unavoidable aspects such as possible label-free sensing and fluidic automatization. The development in the research field is also documented in this account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mai
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Jörg Hampl
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-3677-6933387 (A.S.)
| | - Martin Baca
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Dana Brauer
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Sukhdeep Singh
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Frank Weise
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Justyna Borowiec
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - André Schmidt
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (A.S.); (U.R.M.)
| | - Johanna Merle Küstner
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Maren Klett
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Gebinoga
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Insa S. Schroeder
- Biophysics Division, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany; (A.S.); (U.R.M.)
| | - Felix Glahn
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Berit Schumann
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Diana Eckstein
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle, Germany; (F.G.); (B.S.); (D.E.)
| | - Andreas Schober
- Department of Nano-Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (P.M.); (M.B.); (D.B.); (S.S.); (F.W.); (J.B.); (J.M.K.); (M.K.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-3677-6933387 (A.S.)
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Ultra-high-field MRI studies of brain structure and function in humans and nonhuman primates: A collaborative approach to precision medicine. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Contribution of animal models toward understanding resting state functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118630. [PMID: 34644593 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivity, which reflects the spatial and temporal organization of intrinsic activity throughout the brain, is one of the most studied measures in human neuroimaging research. The noninvasive acquisition of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) allows the characterization of features designated as functional networks, functional connectivity gradients, and time-varying activity patterns that provide insight into the intrinsic functional organization of the brain and potential alterations related to brain dysfunction. Functional connectivity, hence, captures dimensions of the brain's activity that have enormous potential for both clinical and preclinical research. However, the mechanisms underlying functional connectivity have yet to be fully characterized, hindering interpretation of rs-fMRI studies. As in other branches of neuroscience, the identification of the neurophysiological processes that contribute to functional connectivity largely depends on research conducted on laboratory animals, which provide a platform where specific, multi-dimensional investigations that involve invasive measurements can be carried out. These highly controlled experiments facilitate the interpretation of the temporal correlations observed across the brain. Indeed, information obtained from animal experimentation to date is the basis for our current understanding of the underlying basis for functional brain connectivity. This review presents a compendium of some of the most critical advances in the field based on the efforts made by the animal neuroimaging community.
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15
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Klink PC, Aubry JF, Ferrera VP, Fox AS, Froudist-Walsh S, Jarraya B, Konofagou EE, Krauzlis RJ, Messinger A, Mitchell AS, Ortiz-Rios M, Oya H, Roberts AC, Roe AW, Rushworth MFS, Sallet J, Schmid MC, Schroeder CE, Tasserie J, Tsao DY, Uhrig L, Vanduffel W, Wilke M, Kagan I, Petkov CI. Combining brain perturbation and neuroimaging in non-human primates. Neuroimage 2021; 235:118017. [PMID: 33794355 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain perturbation studies allow detailed causal inferences of behavioral and neural processes. Because the combination of brain perturbation methods and neural measurement techniques is inherently challenging, research in humans has predominantly focused on non-invasive, indirect brain perturbations, or neurological lesion studies. Non-human primates have been indispensable as a neurobiological system that is highly similar to humans while simultaneously being more experimentally tractable, allowing visualization of the functional and structural impact of systematic brain perturbation. This review considers the state of the art in non-human primate brain perturbation with a focus on approaches that can be combined with neuroimaging. We consider both non-reversible (lesions) and reversible or temporary perturbations such as electrical, pharmacological, optical, optogenetic, chemogenetic, pathway-selective, and ultrasound based interference methods. Method-specific considerations from the research and development community are offered to facilitate research in this field and support further innovations. We conclude by identifying novel avenues for further research and innovation and by highlighting the clinical translational potential of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Christiaan Klink
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jean-François Aubry
- Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm U1273, CNRS UMR 8063, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Vincent P Ferrera
- Department of Neuroscience & Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew S Fox
- Department of Psychology & California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Béchir Jarraya
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, France; Foch Hospital, UVSQ, Suresnes, France
| | - Elisa E Konofagou
- Ultrasound and Elasticity Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Krauzlis
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adam Messinger
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna S Mitchell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Ortiz-Rios
- Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Oya
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa city, IA, USA
| | - Angela C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | | | - Jérôme Sallet
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, U1208 Bron, France; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Christoph Schmid
- Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Charles E Schroeder
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordy Tasserie
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Doris Y Tsao
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Computation and Neural Systems, Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lynn Uhrig
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Wim Vanduffel
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Neurosciences Department, KU Leuven Medical School, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Melanie Wilke
- German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Christopher I Petkov
- Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
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Zhang X, Zhang J, Gao Y, Qian M, Qu S, Quan Z, Yu M, Chen X, Wang Y, Pan G, Adriany G, Roe AW. A 16-Channel Dense Array for In Vivo Animal Cortical MRI/fMRI on 7T Human Scanners. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:1611-1618. [PMID: 32991277 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3027296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to fabricate a novel RF coil exclusively for visualizing submillimeter tissue structure and probing neuronal activity in cerebral cortex over anesthetized and awake animals on 7T human scanners. METHODS A novel RF coil design has been proposed for visualizing submillimeter tissue structure and probing neuronal activity in cerebral cortex over anesthetized and awake animals on 7T human scanners: a local transmit coil was utilized to save space for auxiliary device installation; 16 receive-only loops were densely arranged over a 5 cm-diameter circular area, with a diameter of 1.3 cm for each loop. RESULTS In anesthetized macaque experiments, 60 μm T2*-weighted images were successfully obtained with cortical gyri and sulci exquisitely visualized; over awake macaques, bilateral activations of visual areas including V1, V2, V4, and MST were distinctly detected at 1 mm; over the cat, robust activations were recorded in areas 17 and 18 (V1 and V2) as well as in their connected area of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) at 0.3 mm resolution. CONCLUSION The promising brain imaging results along with flexibility in various size use of the presented design can be an effective and maneuverable solution to take one step close towards mesoscale cortical-related imaging. SIGNIFICANCE High-spatial-resolution brain imaging over large animals by using ultra-high-field (UHF) MRI will be helpful to understand and reveal functional brain organizations and the underlying mechanism in diseases.
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Sorooshyari SK, Sheng H, Poor HV. Object Recognition at Higher Regions of the Ventral Visual Stream via Dynamic Inference. Front Comput Neurosci 2020; 14:46. [PMID: 32655388 PMCID: PMC7325008 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak K. Sorooshyari
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Siamak K. Sorooshyari
| | - Huanjie Sheng
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - H. Vincent Poor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
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