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Bracken AM, Christensen C, O'Riain MJ, Fürtbauer I, King AJ. Flexible group cohesion and coordination, but robust leader-follower roles, in a wild social primate using urban space. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212141. [PMID: 35078361 PMCID: PMC8790338 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviour has a critical influence on group social structure and organization, individual fitness and social evolution, but we know little about whether and how it changes in anthropogenic environments. Here, we show multiple and varying effects of urban space-use upon group-level processes in a primate generalist-the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus)-within a managed wild population living at the urban edge in the City of Cape Town, South Africa. In natural space, we observe baboon-typical patterns of collective behaviour. By contrast, in urban space (where there are increased risks, but increased potential for high-quality food rewards), baboons show extreme flexibility in collective behaviour, with changes in spatial cohesion and association networks, travel speeds and group coordination. However, leader-follower roles remain robust across natural and urban space, with adult males having a disproportionate influence on the movement of group members. Their important role in the group's collective behaviour complements existing research and supports the management tactic employed by field rangers of curbing the movements of adult males, which indirectly deters the majority of the group from urban space. Our findings highlight both flexibility and robustness in collective behaviour when groups are presented with novel resources and heightened risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Bracken
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Charlotte Christensen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - M. Justin O'Riain
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in Africa, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ines Fürtbauer
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Andrew J. King
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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Nishikawa M, Suzuki M, Sprague DS. Activity synchrony and travel direction synchrony in wild female Japanese macaques. Behav Processes 2021; 191:104473. [PMID: 34363911 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The degree of behavioural synchrony of animals within a group can be considered a reflection of how individuals adjust their behaviours to manage the costs/benefits accompanying group-living. In this study, we focused on activity synchrony and travel direction synchrony as behavioural synchrony. We aimed to quantify the degree of behavioural synchrony and identify which factors can affect the synchrony in wild females of Japanese macaques. Japanese macaques live in female philopatric multi-female and multi-male groups and have a linear dominance hierarchy. The groups are characterized by changing spatio-temporal cohesiveness among group members. Two observers conducted simultaneous focal animal sampling on adult females using global positioning system devices to record locations. The overall degree of activity synchrony was positive compared with random, and the degree was highest when macaques were located within visual range of each other. Both activity synchrony and travel direction synchrony were influenced by spatial cohesion, i.e. interindividual distance, which shows that the probabilities of synchrony were higher with individuals located closer. Activity synchrony was also influenced by activity type, showing that the probabilities of synchrony were higher when individuals engaged in foraging. These results suggest that synchronized foraging may be caused by enhanced feeding with other group members when they are closer to each other. Our approach to quantitatively measure spatial dispersal while observing group members simultaneously revealed the roles of spatial cohesion and activity types for determining the degree of behavioral synchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nishikawa
- Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin 41-2, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan.
| | - Mariko Suzuki
- Amami Wildlife Conservation Center, Koshinohata 551, Ongachi, Yamato, Oshima, Kagoshima 894-3104, Japan
| | - David S Sprague
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba, 305-8604, Japan
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Miller A, Judge D, Uwingeneye G, Ndayishimiye D, Kaplin B, Grueter C. Feeding competition inferred from patch depletion in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda. BEHAVIOUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Competition for food is often a cost associated with living in a group, and can occur in an indirect (scramble) or direct (contest) form. We investigated feeding competition in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda, with the aim of establishing whether freedom from scramble competition allows these monkeys to form supergroups. We used the patch depletion method, measuring intake rate coupled with movement rate, to assess if food patches become depleted over the occupancy period. Resource depletion was evident when the colobus fed on young leaves, but not when feeding on mature leaves. Scramble competition was inferred from a negative correlation between group size and change in intake rate over patch occupancy. Between-group contest competition was inferred from displacement from patches. Although feeding competition exists for select resources, limited competition for mature leaves may enable Rwenzori colobus to live in a supergroup of hundreds of individuals in this montane forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Miller
- aSchool of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Debra S. Judge
- aSchool of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Grace Uwingeneye
- bCenter of Excellence in Biodiversity & Natural Resource Management, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Dieudonne Ndayishimiye
- bCenter of Excellence in Biodiversity & Natural Resource Management, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Beth A. Kaplin
- bCenter of Excellence in Biodiversity & Natural Resource Management, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- cSchool for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cyril C. Grueter
- aSchool of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia
- dCentre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- eUWA Africa Research & Engagement Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- fInternational Centre of Biodiversity and Primate Conservation, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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Tamura M. Extractive foraging on hard‐shelled walnuts and variation of feeding techniques in wild Japanese macaques (
Macaca fuscata
). Am J Primatol 2020; 82:e23130. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tamura
- Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Johnson CA, Raubenheimer D, Chapman CA, Tombak KJ, Reid AJ, Rothman JM. Macronutrient balancing affects patch departure by guerezas (
Colobus guereza
). Am J Primatol 2015; 79:1-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caley A. Johnson
- Department of AnthropologyThe Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York City, New York
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP)American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science and School of Biological SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Colin A. Chapman
- Department of Anthropology & McGill School of EnvironmentMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Wildlife Conservation SocietyBronxNew York
| | - Kaia J. Tombak
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey
| | - Andrea J. Reid
- Department of BiologyCarleton University, OttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Jessica M. Rothman
- Department of AnthropologyThe Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York City, New York
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP)American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York
- Department of AnthropologyHunter College of the City University of New York, New York City, New York
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Kurihara Y, Hanya G. Comparison of feeding behavior between two different-sized groups of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui). Am J Primatol 2015; 77:986-1000. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Goro Hanya
- Primate Research Institute; Kyoto University; Inuyama Japan
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Kazahari N. Maintaining social cohesion is a more important determinant of patch residence time than maximizing food intake rate in a group-living primate, Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata). Primates 2014; 55:179-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10329-014-0410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Marshall HH, Carter AJ, Coulson T, Rowcliffe JM, Cowlishaw G. Exploring foraging decisions in a social primate using discrete-choice models. Am Nat 2012; 180:481-95. [PMID: 22976011 DOI: 10.1086/667587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation of the multiple social and nonsocial factors influencing the foraging behavior of social animals but little understanding of how these factors depend on habitat characteristics or individual traits. This partly reflects the difficulties inherent in using conventional statistical techniques to analyze multifactor, multicontext foraging decisions. Discrete-choice models provide a way to do so, and we demonstrate this by using them to investigate patch preference in a wild population of social foragers (chacma baboons Papio ursinus). Data were collected from 29 adults across two social groups, encompassing 683 foraging decisions over a 6-month period and the results interpreted using an information-theoretic approach. Baboon foraging decisions were influenced by multiple nonsocial and social factors and were often contingent on the characteristics of the habitat or individual. Differences in decision making between habitats were consistent with changes in interference-competition costs but not with changes in social-foraging benefits. Individual differences in decision making were suggestive of a trade-off between dominance rank and social capital. Our findings emphasize that taking a multifactor, multicontext approach is important to fully understand animal decision making. We also demonstrate how discrete-choice models can be used to achieve this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry H Marshall
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom.
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Kochukhova O, Gredebäck G. Preverbal Infants Anticipate That Food Will Be Brought to the Mouth: An Eye Tracking Study of Manual Feeding and Flying Spoons. Child Dev 2010; 81:1729-38. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nakagawa N. Feeding rate as valuable information in primate feeding ecology. Primates 2009; 50:131-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10329-009-0129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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