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Habteweld A, Kantor M, Kantor C, Handoo Z. Understanding the dynamic interactions of root-knot nematodes and their host: role of plant growth promoting bacteria and abiotic factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1377453. [PMID: 38745927 PMCID: PMC11091308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1377453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp., RKN) are among the most destructive endoparasitic nematodes worldwide, often leading to a reduction of crop growth and yield. Insights into the dynamics of host-RKN interactions, especially in varied biotic and abiotic environments, could be pivotal in devising novel RKN mitigation measures. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) involves different plant growth-enhancing activities such as biofertilization, pathogen suppression, and induction of systemic resistance. We summarized the up-to-date knowledge on the role of PGPB and abiotic factors such as soil pH, texture, structure, moisture, etc. in modulating RKN-host interactions. RKN are directly or indirectly affected by different PGPB, abiotic factors interplay in the interactions, and host responses to RKN infection. We highlighted the tripartite (host-RKN-PGPB) phenomenon with respect to (i) PGPB direct and indirect effect on RKN-host interactions; (ii) host influence in the selection and enrichment of PGPB in the rhizosphere; (iii) how soil microbes enhance RKN parasitism; (iv) influence of host in RKN-PGPB interactions, and (v) the role of abiotic factors in modulating the tripartite interactions. Furthermore, we discussed how different agricultural practices alter the interactions. Finally, we emphasized the importance of incorporating the knowledge of tripartite interactions in the integrated RKN management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Habteweld
- Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Mihail Kantor
- Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Camelia Kantor
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Zafar Handoo
- Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD, United States
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Nisa RU, Tantray AY, Kouser N, Allie KA, Wani SM, Alamri SA, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Shah AA. Influence of ecological and edaphic factors on biodiversity of soil nematodes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3049-3059. [PMID: 34025181 PMCID: PMC8117023 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nematodes are the most diverse and highly significant group of soil-inhabiting microorganisms that play a vital role in organic material decomposition and nutrient recycling. Diverse geographical locations and environmental gradients show a significant impact on the diversity of nematodes. Present study aims to assess the effects of ecological (altitude, temperature, moisture) and edaphic (soil pH, nutrients, soil patches) factors on the soil nematode diversity and structure at five different landscape patches (forests, apple orchards, rice fields, pastures, and alpine zone) from ten different sites of Kashmir valley (India). Differences in the altitudinal gradients results in the shift of generic nematode population. Among the soil patches, highest nematode diversity was observed in forest soil and least in alpine soil; however, bacteriovorous nematodes dominated all the soil patches. The temperature and moisture have a significant effect on nematode diversity, the highest nematode trophic levels were observed above 21°C temperature, and 30% moisture. Nematode abundance decreased from alkaline to acidic pH of the soil. Soil nutrients such as, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have shown a detrimental effect in nematode richness at each site, where nematode diversity and richness of genera were higher at abundant soil N and P but decreased at low soil nutrients. Ecological indices like diversity index (DI), Shannon-Wiener Index (H'), enrichment index (EI), and maturity Index (MI) values demonstrated forest soil more favourable for nematodes and high soil health status than other soil patches. This study suggested that these indices may be helpful as soil monitoring tools and assessing ecosystem sustainability and biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawhat Un Nisa
- Nematode Biodiversity & Genomics Research Lab. BGSB University, Rajouri 185234, India
| | - Aadil Yousuf Tantray
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB243UU, UK
| | - Nazia Kouser
- Nematode Biodiversity & Genomics Research Lab. BGSB University, Rajouri 185234, India
| | - Kaisar Ahmad Allie
- Nematode Biodiversity & Genomics Research Lab. BGSB University, Rajouri 185234, India
| | - Shaheen Majeed Wani
- Nematode Biodiversity & Genomics Research Lab. BGSB University, Rajouri 185234, India
| | - Saud A Alamri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jalan Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, South Lampung 35365, Indonesia
| | - Ali Asghar Shah
- Nematode Biodiversity & Genomics Research Lab. BGSB University, Rajouri 185234, India
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Ngeno DC, Murungi LK, Fundi DI, Wekesa V, Haukeland S, Mbaka J. Soil chemical properties influence abundance of nematode trophic groups and Ralstonia solanacearum in high tunnel tomato production. AAS Open Res 2019. [DOI: 10.12688/aasopenres.12932.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) are serious soil-borne pests in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L) production in high tunnels. This study was undertaken to determine effects of soil chemical properties on their abundance. Method: Soil samples were collected from 32 high tunnels in the sub-counties: Gatundu North, Gatundu South, Juja, Thika, Ruiru and Kiambu, Kenya, from January to November 2016. Nematodes genera, R. solanacearum and soil chemical properties were evaluated from composite soil samples collected from the high tunnels. Results: The soil pH and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na and Cu varied across sub-counties. Twenty-four nematode genera including 14 PPNs, 5 bacterivores, 3 fungivores and 2 predators were recovered from soil samples. The genera Meloidogyne, Alaimus, Aporcelaimus and Mononchus were the most abundant PPNs, bacterivores, fungivores and predators, respectively, and differed across sub-counties. The abundance of Meloidogyne spp. and R. solanacearum was higher in Gatundu North than in the other sub-counties. There was a strong, positive correlation between Meloidogyne spp. (second stage juveniles counts) population and R. solanacearum (cfu∙mL-1) with soil N and P, and a weak negative correlation with soil pH, EC, Zn and Cu. Fungal feeders exhibited a strong negative correlation with soil pH and Ca; predators, bacterial feeders, and PPNs had similar correlations with N, P and Ca, respectively. Conclusion: Soil chemical properties affect abundance of beneficial and phytoparasitic nematodes and R. solanacearum, which varies with location.
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Abdelaal KAA, Hafez YM, El-Afry MM, Tantawy DS, Alshaal T. Effect of some osmoregulators on photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity, and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under water deficit stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30199-30211. [PMID: 30155630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit stress is an abiotic stress that causes reductions in growth and yield of many field crops around the world. The present research was aimed to elucidate the mitigating efficiency of exogenous application of select osmoregulators and biostimulants, i.e., potassium dihydrogen phosphate, actosol® (humic acid), Amino more (amino acids), and Compound fertilizer, applied as a spray that reached both foliage and the soil, on growth characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Giza123) under water deficit stress during two successive growing seasons of field experiments in Egypt. Water deficit resulted in stress as estimated by stress indicators and decreased growth and poor health and development as reflected in statistically significant decreases in chlorophyll a and b and major nutrient (NPK) levels in tissues, stem length, number of leaves, and fresh and dry mass as well as yield components such as spike length, grains per spike, biological yield, grain yield, and 1000-grain weight. As a response to water deficit stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS, i.e., superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) levels increased significantly resulting in lipid peroxidation and decreased membrane integrity and significant increases in antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POX). All four treatments alleviated the detrimental impacts of water deficit stress as evidenced by statistically significantly increased photosynthetic pigment concentration, tissue NPK levels, growth, and yield parameters compared to the water deficit-stressed control, while the stress responses were significantly reduced. The osmoregulators used either partially restored the growth and yield of osmotic-stressed barley plants or certain treatments enhanced them. All osmoregulators tested mitigated the adverse impacts of water deficit stress on barley plants, but the highest induction was found when plants were treated with actosol®. The beneficial effects of the osmoregulators tested were the strongest overall in the order actosol® ˃ potassium dihydrogen phosphate ˃ Amino more ˃ Compound fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A A Abdelaal
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Yaser M Hafez
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M El-Afry
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Dalia S Tantawy
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Tarek Alshaal
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen - AGTC, Böszörményi út 138, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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Kesba HH, El-Beltagi HS. Biochemical changes in grape rootstocks resulted from humic acid treatments in relation to nematode infection. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:287-93. [PMID: 23569915 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of humic acid on nematode infected, resistant and susceptible grapes in relation to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant mechanisms on selected biochemical parameters known as proactive substances. METHODS The grape rootstocks, superior, superior/freedom and freedom were reacted differently to Meloidogyne incognita and Rotylenchulus reniformis according to rootstock progenitor. Two weeks after inoculation, two commercial products of humic acid were applied at the rate of (2, 4 mL or grams/plant) as soil drench. After 4 months, nematode soil populations were extracted and counted. A subsample of roots from each plant was stained and gall numbers, embedded stages per root were calculated, final population, nematode build up (Pf/Pi), average of eggs/eggmass were estimated. Subsamples of fresh root of each treatment were chemically analyzed. RESULTS Freedom reduced significantly the nematode criteria and build up. Humic acid granules appeared to be more suppressive to nematode build up on superior and the higher dose on superior/freedom than liquid treatments. On freedom, all treatments reduced significantly the nematode build up regardless to the material nature. The higher dose was more effective than the lower one. As a result of humic acid applications, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents were significantly reduced after humic acid treatments while the antioxidant compounds glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASA) and total phenol contents were significantly increased when compared with check. Antioxidant defense enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)showed significant increase in their specific activities in treated plants compared with nematode treated check. CONCLUSIONS Humic acid treatments improve the yield of grape by increasing the contents of antioxidant compounds and the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosny H Kesba
- Zoology and Agricultural Nematology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 12613
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