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Burkeev MZ, Shibayeva SR, Khamitova TO, Plocek J, Tazhbayev YM, Davrenbekov SZ, Nurmaganbetova MT, Kazhmuratova AT, Zhumagalieva TS, Kezdikbayeva AT. Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of New Polymeric Monometallic Composites Based on Copolymers of Polypropylene Glycol Maleate Phthalate with Acrylic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244369. [PMID: 34960920 PMCID: PMC8705429 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-polymer composites based on copolymers of polypropylene glycol maleate phthalate with acrylic acid and metallic nickel and silver were synthesized for the first time. The objects obtained were characterized by infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies, thermogravimetry, a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and atomic emission spectrometry. The catalytic activity of new metal-polymer composites that exhibited a rather high efficiency in the reactions of electrocatalytic hydrogenation of pyridine was studied. It is shown that nanoparticles of metals are evenly distributed in the volume of the polymer matrix; more than 80% of nanoparticles are in the range from 25 to 40 nm and have spherical and rhombic shapes. The reusability of the obtained composites is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zh. Burkeev
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - S. R. Shibayeva
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - T. O. Khamitova
- The Department of Soil Science and Agrochemisrty, Agronomic Faculty, Kazakh Agro Technical University Named after Saken Seifullin, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Jiri Plocek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Rez 1001, 25068 Rez, Czech Republic;
| | - Y. M. Tazhbayev
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - S. Zh. Davrenbekov
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - M. T. Nurmaganbetova
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - A. T. Kazhmuratova
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - T. S. Zhumagalieva
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
| | - A. T. Kezdikbayeva
- Chemical Faculty, NJSC “Karaganda University Named after Academician E.A. Buketov”, Karaganda City 100000, Kazakhstan; (M.Z.B.); (Y.M.T.); (S.Z.D.); (M.T.N.); (A.T.K.); (T.S.Z.); (A.T.K.)
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Cemali G, Aruh A, Köse GT, Can E. Biodegradable polymeric networks of poly(propylene fumarate) and phosphonic acid‐based monomers. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Görkem Cemali
- Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Avram Aruh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Gamze Torun Köse
- Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Erde Can
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey
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Cai Z, Wan Y, Becker ML, Long YZ, Dean D. Poly(propylene fumarate)-based materials: Synthesis, functionalization, properties, device fabrication and biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2019; 208:45-71. [PMID: 30991217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) is a biodegradable polymer that has been investigated extensively over the last three decades. It has led many scientists to synthesize and fabricate a variety of PPF-based materials for biomedical applications due to its controllable mechanical properties, tunable degradation and biocompatibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress made in improving PPF synthesis, resin formulation, crosslinking, device fabrication and post polymerization modification. Further, we highlight the influence of these parameters on biodegradation, biocompatibility, and their use in a number of regenerative medicine applications, especially bone tissue engineering. In particular, the use of 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of PPF-based scaffolds is extensively reviewed. The recent invention of a ring-opening polymerization method affords precise control of PPF molecular mass, molecular mass distribution (ƉM) and viscosity. Low ƉM facilitates time-certain resorption of 3D printed structures. Novel post-polymerization and post-printing functionalization methods have accelerated the expansion of biomedical applications that utilize PPF-based materials. Finally, we shed light on evolving uses of PPF-based materials for orthopedics/bone tissue engineering and other biomedical applications, including its use as a hydrogel for bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Cai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
| | - Yong Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials, College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - Yun-Ze Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials, College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China.
| | - David Dean
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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He B, Zhao J, Ou Y, Jiang D. Biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber-based composite scaffolds for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:728-738. [PMID: 29853144 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue had moderate self-healing capabilities, but biomaterial scaffolds were required for the repair of some defects such as large bone defects. Peptide nanofiber scaffolds demonstrated important potential in regenerative medicine. Functional modification and controlled release of signal molecules were two significant approaches to increase the bioactivity of biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber scaffolds, but peptide scaffolds were limited by insufficient mechanical strength. Thus, it was necessary to combine peptide scaffolds with other materials including polymers, hydroxyapatite, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and metal materials based on the requirement of different bone defects. As the development of peptide-based composite scaffolds continued to evolve, ultimate translation to the clinical environment may allow for improved therapeutic outcomes for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yunsheng Ou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Dianming Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Shahbazi S, Zamanian A, Pazouki M, Jafari Y. Introducing an attractive method for total biomimetic creation of a synthetic biodegradable bioactive bone scaffold based on statistical experimental design. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018. [PMID: 29525086 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new total biomimetic technique based on both the water uptake and degradation processes is introduced in this study to provide an interesting procedure to fabricate a bioactive and biodegradable synthetic scaffold, which has a good mechanical and structural properties. The optimization of effective parameters to scaffold fabrication was done by response surface methodology/central composite design (CCD). With this method, a synthetic scaffold was fabricated which has a uniform and open-interconnected porous structure with the largest pore size of 100-200μm. The obtained compressive ultimate strength of ~35MPa and compression modulus of 58MPa are similar to some of the trabecular bone. The pore morphology, size, and distribution of the scaffold were characterized using a scanning electron microscope and mercury porosimeter. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, EDAX and X-ray diffraction analyses were used to determine the chemical composition, Ca/P element ratio of mineralized microparticles, and the crystal structure of the scaffolds, respectively. The optimum biodegradable synthetic scaffold based on its raw materials of polypropylene fumarate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and nano bioactive glass (PPF/HEMA/nanoBG) as 70/30wt/wt%, 20wt%, and 1.5wt/wt% (PHB.732/1.5) with desired porosity, pore size, and geometry were created by 4weeks immersion in SBF. This scaffold showed considerable biocompatibility in the ranging from 86 to 101% for the indirect and direct contact tests and good osteoblast cell attachment when studied with the bone-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shahbazi
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Ali Zamanian
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Pazouki
- Department of Energy, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Yaser Jafari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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6
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Wang L, Guo DG. Preparation and Performance of Poly(butyl fumarate)-Based Material for Potential Application in LED Encapsulation. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10020149. [PMID: 28772524 PMCID: PMC5459098 DOI: 10.3390/ma10020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A UV-curable poly(butyl fumarate) (PBF)/poly(propylene fumarate)-diacrylate (PPF-DA) hybrid material with good performance for LED encapsulation is introduced in the paper. They have been prepared by radical polymerization using PBF and PPF-DA macromers with a UV curing system. PBF and PPF-DA were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The thermal behavior, optical and mechanical properties of the material were examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and a material testing system mechanical testing machine, respectively. The results indicated that the hybrid material has a suitable refractive index (n = 1.537) and high transmittance (99.64% in visible range) before/after thermal aging. With the increasing of the double bond ratio from 0.5 to 2, the water absorption ratios of the prepared encapsulation material were 1.22%, 1.87% and 2.88%, respectively. The mechanical property experiments showed that bonding strength was in the range of 1.86–3.40 MPa, tensile-shear strength ranged from 0.84 MPa to 1.57 MPa, and compression strength was in the range of 5.10–27.65 MPa. The cured PBF/PPF-DA hybrid material can be used as a light-emitting diode (LED) encapsulant, owing to its suitable refractive index, high transparency, excellent thermal stability, lower water absorption, and good mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Da-Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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7
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In vitro study of a new biodegradable nanocomposite based on poly propylene fumarate as bone glue. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:1201-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Romano I, Summa M, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Spanò R, Ceseracciu L, Pignatelli C, Bertorelli R, Mele E, Athanassiou A. Fumarate-loaded electrospun nanofibers with anti-inflammatory activity for fast recovery of mild skin burns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:041001. [PMID: 27481333 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/4/041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the biomedical sector the availability of engineered scaffolds and dressings that control and reduce inflammatory states is highly desired, particularly for the management of burn wounds. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that electrospun fibrous dressings of poly(octyl cyanoacrylate) (POCA) combined with polypropylene fumarate (PPF) possess anti-inflammatory activity and promote the fast and effective healing of mild skin burns in an animal model. The fibers produced had an average diameter of (0.8 ± 0.1) µm and they were able to provide a conformal coverage of the injured tissue. The application of the fibrous mats on the burned tissue effectively reduced around 80% of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the first 48 h in comparison with un-treated animals, and enhanced skin epithelialization. From histological analysis, the skin thickness of the animals treated with POCA : PPF dressings appeared similar to that of one of the naïve animals: (13.7 ± 1.4) µm and (14.3 ± 2.5) µm for naïve and treated animals, respectively. The density of dermal cells was comparable as well: (1100 ± 112) cells mm(-2) and (1358 ± 255) cells mm(-2) for naïve and treated mice, respectively. The results demonstrate the suitability of the electrospun dressings in accelerating and effectively promoting the burn healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Romano
- Smart Materials, Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
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9
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Xie D, Park JG, Zhao J, Turner CH. Novel Injectable and In situ Curable Glycolide/Lactide Based Biodegradable Polymer Resins and Composites. J Biomater Appl 2016; 22:33-54. [PMID: 16920760 DOI: 10.1177/0885328206068691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel in situ polymerizable liquid three-arm biodegradable oligomeric polyesters based upon glycolic acid (GA), L-lactic acid (LLA), and their copolymers are synthesized and characterized. Injectable and in situ curable polymer neat resins and their composites formulated with bioabsorbable beta-tricalcium phosphate are prepared at room temperature using photo- and redox-initiation systems, respectively. The cured neat resins show the initial compressive yield strength (YCS, MPa), modulus (M, MPa), ultimate compressive strength (UCS, MPa), and toughness (T, kN mm), ranging from 4.0 to 20.1, 201.5 to 730.2, 82.7 to 310.5, and 1.02 to 3.93. The cured composites show the initial YCS, M, UCS and T, ranging from 27.7 to 56.4, 1440 to 4870, 81.6 to 158.9, and 0.94 to 1.97. Increasing GA/LLA ratio increases all the initial compressive strengths of both neat resins and composites. Increasing filler content increases YCS and M but decreases UCS and T. A diametral tensile strength test shows the same trend as a compressive strength test. There seems to be an optimal flexural strength for the composite at the filler content around 43%. An increasing molar ratio increases curing time but decreases the degree of conversion (DC). An increasing filler content increases curing time but decreases exotherm and DC. During the course of degradation, all the materials show a burst degradation behavior within 24 h, followed by an increase in CS. The poly(glycolic acid) neat resin completely loses its strength at around Day 45. The composites completely lose their strengths at different time intervals, depending on their molar ratio and filler content. The degradation rate is found to be molar ratio and filler-content dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Agarwal R, García AJ. Biomaterial strategies for engineering implants for enhanced osseointegration and bone repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 94:53-62. [PMID: 25861724 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue has a remarkable ability to regenerate and heal itself. However, large bone defects and complex fractures still present a significant challenge to the medical community. Current treatments center on metal implants for structural and mechanical support and auto- or allo-grafts to substitute long bone defects. Metal implants are associated with several complications such as implant loosening and infections. Bone grafts suffer from donor site morbidity, reduced bioactivity, and risk of pathogen transmission. Surgical implants can be modified to provide vital biological cues, growth factors and cells in order to improve osseointegration and repair of bone defects. Here we review strategies and technologies to engineer metal surfaces to promote osseointegration with the host tissue. We also discuss strategies for modifying implants for cell adhesion and bone growth via integrin signaling and growth factor and cytokine delivery for bone defect repair.
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11
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Sroka-Bartnicka A, Kimber JA, Borkowski L, Pawlowska M, Polkowska I, Kalisz G, Belcarz A, Jozwiak K, Ginalska G, Kazarian SG. The biocompatibility of carbon hydroxyapatite/β-glucan composite for bone tissue engineering studied with Raman and FTIR spectroscopic imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7775-85. [PMID: 26277184 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spectroscopic approaches of FTIR imaging and Raman mapping were applied to the characterisation of a new carbon hydroxyapatite/β-glucan composite developed for bone tissue engineering. The composite is an artificial bone material with an apatite-forming ability for the bone repair process. Rabbit bone samples were tested with an implanted bioactive material for a period of several months. Using spectroscopic and chemometric methods, we were able to determine the presence of amides and phosphates and the distribution of lipid-rich domains in the bone tissue, providing an assessment of the composite's bioactivity. Samples were also imaged in transmission using an infrared microscope combined with a focal plane array detector. CaF2 lenses were also used on the infrared microscope to improve spectral quality by reducing scattering artefacts, improving chemometric analysis. The presence of collagen and lipids at the bone/composite interface confirmed biocompatibility and demonstrate the suitability of FTIR microscopic imaging with lenses in studying these samples. It confirmed that the composite is a very good background for collagen growth and increases collagen maturity with the time of the bone growth process. The results indicate the bioactive and biocompatible properties of this composite and demonstrate how Raman and FTIR spectroscopic imaging have been used as an effective tool for tissue characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - James A Kimber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Leszek Borkowski
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Pawlowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Izabela Polkowska
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kalisz
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Belcarz
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jozwiak
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grazyna Ginalska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sergei G Kazarian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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12
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Wang L, Guo DG, Zhu H, Xie L. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) encapsulation of polymer composites based on poly(propylene fumarate) crosslinked with poly(propylene fumarate)-diacrylate. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01667c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cured PPF/PPF-DA polymer networks material can be used as a LEDs encapsulant, owing to suitable refractive index, high transparency, appropriate tensile strength, and excellent thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Da-Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Lei Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
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13
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Becker J, Lu L, Runge MB, Zeng H, Yaszemski MJ, Dadsetan M. Nanocomposite bone scaffolds based on biodegradable polymers and hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2549-57. [PMID: 25504776 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In tissue engineering, development of an osteoconductive construct that integrates with host tissue remains a challenge. In this work, the effect of bone-like minerals on maturation of pre-osteoblast cells was investigated using polymer-mineral scaffolds composed of poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(caprolactone) (PPF-co-PCL) and nano-sized hydroxyapatite (HA). The HA of varying concentrations was added to an injectable formulation of PPF-co-PCL and the change in thermal and mechanical properties of the scaffolds was evaluated. No change in onset of degradation temperature was observed due to the addition of HA, however compressive and tensile moduli of copolymer changed significantly when HA amounts were increased in composite formulation. The change in mechanical properties of copolymer was found to correlate well to HA concentration in the constructs. Electron microscopy revealed mineral nucleation and a change in surface morphology and the presence of calcium and phosphate on surfaces was confirmed using energy dispersive X-ray analysis. To characterize the effect of mineral on attachment and maturation of pre-osteoblasts, W20-17 cells were seeded on HA/copolymer composites. We demonstrated that cells attached more to the surface of HA containing copolymers and their proliferation rate was significantly increased. Thus, these findings suggest that HA/PPF-co-PCL composite scaffolds are capable of inducing maturation of pre-osteoblasts and have the potential for use as scaffold in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Becker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905.,Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstr, 48, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - M Brett Runge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - Michael J Yaszemski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
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Shahbazi S, Jafari Y, Moztarzadeh F, Mir Mohamad Sadeghi G. Evaluation of effective parameters for the synthesis of poly(propylene fumarate) by response surface methodology. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shahbazi
- Department of Medical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Yaser Jafari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan; Kashan Iran
| | | | - Gity Mir Mohamad Sadeghi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; P.O. Box 15875-4413 Tehran Iran
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Jency PJ, Thomas V, Jayabalan M. Synthesis and Evaluation of Carboxy-Terminated Poly(trimethylene propane trifumarate)-Poly(ethylene glycol) as a Biodegradable Mucoadhesive Resin. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.20200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Jency
- Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing; Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram; 695 012; India
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Center for Nanoscale Materials & Biointegration; Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL 35294 Center for Biophysical Sciences & Engineering; Birmingham; AL 35294
| | - M. Jayabalan
- Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing; Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram; 695 012; India
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16
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Zhou C, Heath DE, Sharif ARM, Rayatpisheh S, Oh BHL, Rong X, Beuerman R, Chan-Park MB. High Water Content Hydrogel With Super High Refractive Index. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1485-91. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuncai Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Daniel E. Heath
- BioSystems and Micromechanics Interdisciplinary Research Group; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology; 3 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Abdul Rahim Mohamed Sharif
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Shahrzad Rayatpisheh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Bernice H. L. Oh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Xu Rong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Roger Beuerman
- Singapore Eye Research Institute; 11 Third Hospital Avenue Singapore 168751
| | - Mary B. Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
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17
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Silva JM, Videira M, Gaspar R, Préat V, Florindo HF. Immune system targeting by biodegradable nanoparticles for cancer vaccines. J Control Release 2013; 168:179-99. [PMID: 23524187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of therapeutic cancer vaccines is based on the activation of the immune system against tumor cells after the presentation of tumor antigens. Nanoparticles (NPs) have shown great potential as delivery systems for cancer vaccines as they potentiate the co-delivery of tumor-associated antigens and adjuvants to dendritic cells (DCs), insuring effective activation of the immune system against tumor cells. In this review, the immunological mechanisms behind cancer vaccines, including the role of DCs in the stimulation of T lymphocytes and the use of Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands as adjuvants will be discussed. An overview of each of the three essential components of a therapeutic cancer vaccine - antigen, adjuvant and delivery system - will be provided with special emphasis on the potential of particulate delivery systems for cancer vaccines, in particular those made of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL). Some of the factors that can influence NP uptake by DCs, including size, surface charge, surface functionalization and route of administration, will also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Silva
- iMed.UL, Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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18
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Dreifke MB, Ebraheim NA, Jayasuriya AC. Investigation of potential injectable polymeric biomaterials for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:2436-47. [PMID: 23401336 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the potential injectable polymeric biomaterial scaffolds currently being investigated for application in bone tissue regeneration. Two types of injectable biomaterial scaffolds are focused in this review, including injectable microspheres and injectable gels. The injectable microspheres section covers several polymeric materials, including poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)-PLGA, poly(propylene fumarate), and chitosan. The injectable gel section covers alginate gels, hyaluronan hydrogels, poly(ethylene-glycol)-PEG hydrogels, and PEG-PLGA copolymer hydrogels. This review focuses on the effect of cellular behavior in vitro and in vivo in terms of material properties of polymers, such as biodegradation, biocompatibility, porosity, microsphere size, and cross-linking nature. Injectable polymeric biomaterials offer a major advantage for orthopedic applications by allowing the ability to use noninvasive or minimally invasive treatment methods. Therefore, combining injectable polymeric biomaterial scaffolds with cells have a significant potential to treat orthopedic bone defects, including spine fusion, and craniofacial and periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Dreifke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Toledo, College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio 43614, USA
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19
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Fong EL, Watson BM, Kasper FK, Mikos AG. Building bridges: leveraging interdisciplinary collaborations in the development of biomaterials to meet clinical needs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4995-5013. [PMID: 22821772 PMCID: PMC3706713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Our laboratory at Rice University has forged numerous collaborations with clinicians and basic scientists over the years to advance the development of novel biomaterials and the modification of existing materials to meet clinical needs. This review highlights collaborative advances in biomaterials research from our laboratory in the areas of scaffold development, drug delivery, and gene therapy, especially as related to applications in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
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20
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21
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Alge DL, Chu TMG. Calcium phosphate cement reinforcement by polymer infiltration and in situ curing: a method for 3D scaffold reinforcement. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 94:547-55. [PMID: 20186776 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a novel method of calcium phosphate cement reinforcement based on infiltrating a pre-set cement with a reactive polymer and then cross-linking the polymer in situ. This method can be used to reinforce 3D calcium phosphate cement scaffolds, which we demonstrate using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) as a model reinforcing polymer. The compressive strength of a 3D scaffold comprised of orthogonally intersecting beams was increased from 0.31 +/- 0.06 MPa to 1.65 +/- 0.13 MPa using PEGDA 600. In addition, the mechanical properties of reinforced cement were characterized using three PEGDA molecular weights (200, 400, and 600 Da) and three cement powder to liquid (P/L) ratios (0.8, 1.0, and 1.43). Higher molecular weight increased reinforcement efficacy, and P/L controlled cement porosity and determined the extent of polymer incorporation. Although increasing polymer incorporation resulted in a transition from brittle, cement-like behavior to ductile, polymer-like behavior, maximizing polymer incorporation was not advantageous. Polymerization shrinkage produced microcracks in the cement, which reduced the mechanical properties. The most effective reinforcement was achieved with P/L of 1.43 and PEGDA 600. In this group, flexural strength increased from 0.44 +/- 0.12 MPa to 7.04 +/- 0.51 MPa, maximum displacement from 0.05 +/- 0.01 mm to 1.44 +/- 0.17 mm, and work of fracture from 0.64 +/- 0.10 J/m(2) to 677.96 +/- 70.88 J/m(2) compared to non-reinforced controls. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our novel reinforcement method, as well as its potential for fabricating reinforced 3D calcium phosphate cement scaffolds useful for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Alge
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47908, USA
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22
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Jayabalan M, Shalumon KT, Mitha MK, Ganesan K, Epple M. The effect of radiation processing and filler morphology on the biomechanical stability of a thermoset polyester composite. Biomed Mater 2010; 5:25009. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/5/2/025009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Hydrogels have many different applications in the field of regenerative medicine. Biodegradable, injectable hydrogels could be utilized as delivery systems, cell carriers, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Injectable hydrogels are an appealing scaffold because they are structurally similar to the extracellular matrix of many tissues, can often be processed under relatively mild conditions, and may be delivered in a minimally invasive manner. This review will discuss recent advances in the field of injectable hydrogels, including both synthetic and native polymeric materials, which can be potentially used in cartilage and soft tissue engineering applications.
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24
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Tissue Engineering. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84882-513-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Barrett DG, Yousaf MN. Design and applications of biodegradable polyester tissue scaffolds based on endogenous monomers found in human metabolism. Molecules 2009; 14:4022-50. [PMID: 19924045 PMCID: PMC6255442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14104022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic polyesters have deeply impacted various biomedical and engineering fields, such as tissue scaffolding and therapeutic delivery. Currently, many applications involving polyesters are being explored with polymers derived from monomers that are endogenous to the human metabolism. Examples of these monomers include glycerol, xylitol, sorbitol, and lactic, sebacic, citric, succinic, alpha-ketoglutaric, and fumaric acids. In terms of mechanical versatility, crystallinity, hydrophobicity, and biocompatibility, polyesters synthesized partially or completely from these monomers can display a wide range of properties. The flexibility in these macromolecular properties allows for materials to be tailored according to the needs of a particular application. Along with the presence of natural monomers that allows for a high probability of biocompatibility, there is also an added benefit that this class of polyesters is more environmentally friendly than many other materials used in biomedical engineering. While the selection of monomers may be limited by nature, these polymers have produced or have the potential to produce an enormous number of successes in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad N. Yousaf
- Department of Chemistry and Carolina Center for Genome Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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26
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Sharifi S, Imani M, Mirzadeh H, Atai M, Ziaee F, Bakhshi R. Synthesis, characterization, and biocompatibility of novel injectable, biodegradable, andin situcrosslinkable polycarbonate-based macromers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 90:830-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Abstract
This protocol describes the synthesis of 500-4,000 Da poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) by a two-step reaction of diethyl fumarate and propylene glycol through a bis(hydroxypropyl) fumarate diester intermediate. Purified PPF can be covalently cross-linked to form degradable polymer networks, which have been widely explored for biomedical applications. The properties of cross-linked PPF networks depend upon the molecular properties of the constituent polymer, such as the molecular weight. The purity of the reactants and the exclusion of water from the reaction system are of utmost importance in the generation of high-molecular-weight PPF products. Additionally, the reaction time and temperature influence the molecular weight of the PPF product. The expected time required to complete this protocol is 3 d.
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Jayabalan M, Shalumon KT, Mitha MK. Injectable biomaterials for minimally invasive orthopedic treatments. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:1379-1387. [PMID: 19160023 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable and injectable hydroxy terminated-poly propylene fumarate (HT-PPF) bone cement was developed. The injectable formulation consisting HT-PPF and comonomer, n-vinyl pyrrolidone, calcium phosphate filler, free radical catalyst, accelerator and radiopaque agent sets rapidly to hard mass with low exothermic temperature. The candidate bone cement attains mechanical strength more than the required compressive strength of 5 MPa and compressive modulus 50 MPa. The candidate bone cement resin elicits cell adhesion and cytoplasmic spreading of osteoblast cells. The cured bone cement does not induce intracutaneous irritation and skin sensitization. The candidate bone cement is tissue compatible without eliciting any adverse tissue reactions. The candidate bone cement is osteoconductive and inductive and allow osteointegration and bone remodeling. HT-PPF bone cement is candidate bone cement for minimally invasive radiological procedures for the treatment of bone diseases and spinal compression fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jayabalan
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvanthapuram, India.
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29
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Katir N, El Kadib A, Dahrouch M, Castel A, Gatica N, Benmaarouf Z, Riviere P. Amphiphilic Polyesters Derived from Silylated and Germylated Fatty Compounds. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:850-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bm8013457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Katir
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Abdelkrim El Kadib
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mohamed Dahrouch
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Annie Castel
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nicolas Gatica
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Zahra Benmaarouf
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pierre Riviere
- Laboratoire d’Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR-CNRS 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France, Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Université Ibn Zhor, Faculté des Sciences, Hay Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Maroc, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile, Departamento de Polimeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
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Novel, Biocompatible and Photo Crosslinkable Polymeric Networks based on Unsaturated Polyesters: Optimization of the Network Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89208-3_522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kretlow JD, Mikos AG. 2007 AIChE Alpha Chi Sigma Award: From Material to Tissue: Biomaterial Development, Scaffold Fabrication, and Tissue Engineering. AIChE J 2008; 54:3048-3067. [PMID: 19756176 DOI: 10.1002/aic.11610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The need for techniques to facilitate the regeneration of failing or destroyed tissues remains great with the aging of the worldwide population and the continued incidence of trauma and diseases such as cancer. A 16-year history in biomaterial scaffold development and tissue engineering is examined, beginning with the synthesis of novel materials and fabrication of 3D porous scaffolds. Exploring cell-scaffold interactions and subsequently cellular delivery using biomaterial carriers, we have developed a variety of techniques for bone and cartilage engineering. In addition to delivering cells, we have utilized growth factors, DNA, and peptides to improve the in vitro and in vivo regeneration of tissues. This review covers important developments and discoveries within our laboratory, and the increasing breadth in the scope of our work within the expanding field of tissue engineering is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Kretlow
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS 142, Houston, TX 77251-1892
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32
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Synthesis, photocrosslinking characteristics, and biocompatibility evaluation of N
-vinyl pyrrolidone/polycaprolactone fumarate biomaterials using a new proton scavenger. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Doulabi ASH, Mirzadeh H, Imani M, Sharifi S, Atai M, Mehdipour-Ataei S. Synthesis and preparation of biodegradable and visible light crosslinkable unsaturated fumarate-based networks for biomedical applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Biomechanical evaluation of an injectable radiopaque polypropylene fumarate cement for kyphoplasty in a cadaveric osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 20:604-9. [PMID: 18046174 DOI: 10.1097/bsd.0b013e318040ad73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures cause pain, deformity, and disability. Polypropylene fumarate (PPF) has shown promise as an injectable cement for bone defects but little is known about its performance for kyphoplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical performance of PPF for kyphoplasty in simulated anterior compression fractures in cadaveric vertebral bodies. Thirty-one vertebral bodies (T9 to L4) from osteoporotic cadaveric spines were disarticulated, stripped of soft tissue and compressed on a materials testing machine to determine pretreatment strength and stiffness. All fractures were repaired with inflatable balloon tamps and either polymethylmethacrylate or PPF-30 (containing 30% barium sulfate by dry weight) cement and then retested. Strength restoration with PMMA and PPF-30 were 120% and 104%, respectively, of the pretreatment strengths. For stiffness, PMMA and PPF-30 restored vertebral bodies to 69% and 53%, respectively, of the initial values. There was no significant difference in treatment with either PMMA or PPF-30. The biopolymer PPF-30 exhibits mechanical properties similar to PMMA in a cadaveric kyphoplasty model. PPF biopolymer may be a suitable alternative for kyphoplasty.
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35
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Kim CW, Talac R, Lu L, Moore MJ, Currier BL, Yaszemski MJ. Characterization of porous injectable poly-(propylene fumarate)-based bone graft substitute. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 85:1114-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Sharifi S, Mirzadeh H, Imani M, Atai M, Ziaee F. Photopolymerization and shrinkage kinetics of
in situ
crosslinkable
N
‐vinyl‐pyrrolidone/poly(ε‐caprolactone fumarate) networks. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 84:545-56. [PMID: 17647285 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable, injectable and in situ photocrosslinkable macromers based on fumaric acid and polycaprolactone (PCLF) were prepared and characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The multifunctional macromers dissolved in N-vinyl pyrollidone (NVP) were photopolymerized by visible light irradiation in the presence of camphorquinone as photoinitiator. The photocrosslinking reaction was monitored by measuring shrinkage strain and shrinkage strain rate. The degree of photopolymerization reaction i.e. degree of conversion (DC%) was traced using FTIR spectroscopy. A three level factorial design was developed to study the effects of initiator concentration, NVP concentration, and molecular weight of PCLF upon photocrosslinking characteristics including degree of conversion and shrinkage strain. Results revealed that although neat PCLF was photopolymerized, but it was putty like after 220 seconds of irradiation and showed a very low degree of conversion (29%). Adding about 20% NVP caused a dramatic increase in its degree of conversion (63.33%). Increasing NVP up to 50% resulted in a decrease in DC% because of lower reactivity of NVP and leaving more unreacted NVP monomers. Sol fraction studies supported these results indicating that at higher NVP concentration, most of NVP and PCLF have not undergone the crosslinking reaction, leading to 55% decrease in DC%. Shrinkage strain measurement also confirmed the FTIR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Sharifi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, PO Box 15875/4413, Tehran, Iran
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Tessmar JK, Göpferich AM. Matrices and scaffolds for protein delivery in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59:274-91. [PMID: 17544542 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The tissue engineering of functional tissues depends on the development of suitable scaffolds to support three dimensional cell growth. To improve the properties of the scaffolds, many cell carriers serve dual purposes; in addition to providing cell support, cutting-edge scaffolds biologically interact with adhering and invading cells and effectively guide cellular growth and development by releasing bioactive proteins like growth factors and cytokines. To design controlled release systems for certain applications, it is important to understand the basic principles of protein delivery as well as the stability of each applied biomolecule. To illustrate the enormous progress that has been achieved in the important field of controlled release, some of the recently developed cell carriers with controlled release capacity, including both solid scaffolds and hydrogel-derived scaffolds, are described and possible solutions for unresolved issues are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg K Tessmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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38
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Lee KW, Wang S, Lu L, Jabbari E, Currier BL, Yaszemski MJ. Fabrication and Characterization of Poly(Propylene Fumarate) Scaffolds with Controlled Pore Structures Using 3-Dimensional Printing and Injection Molding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:2801-11. [PMID: 17518649 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.12.2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) is an injectable, biodegradable polymer that has been used for fabricating preformed scaffolds in tissue engineering applications because of in situ crosslinking characteristics. Aiming for understanding the effects of pore structure parameters on bone tissue ingrowth, 3-dimensional (3D) PPF scaffolds with controlled pore architecture have been produced in this study from computer-aided design (CAD) models. We have created original scaffold models with 3 pore sizes (300, 600, and 900 microm) and randomly closed 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% of total pores from the original models in 3 planes. PPF scaffolds were fabricated by a series steps involving 3D printing of support/build constructs, dissolving build materials, injecting PPF, and dissolving support materials. To investigate the effects of controlled pore size and interconnectivity on scaffolds, we compared the porosities between the models and PPF scaffolds fabricated thereby, examined pore morphologies in surface and cross-section using scanning electron microscopy, and measured permeability using the falling head conductivity test. The thermal properties of the resulting scaffolds as well as uncrosslinked PPF were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Average pore sizes and pore shapes of PPF scaffolds with 600- and 900-microm pores were similar to those of CAD models, but they depended on directions in those with 300-microm pores. Porosity and permeability of PPF scaffolds decreased as the number of closed pores in original models increased, particularly when the pore size was 300 microm as the result of low porosity and pore occlusion. These results show that 3D printing and injection molding technique can be applied to crosslinkable polymers to fabricate 3D porous scaffolds with controlled pore structures, porosity, and permeability using their CAD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Won Lee
- Tissue Engineering and Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Olson DA, Sheares VV. Preparation of Unsaturated Linear Aliphatic Polyesters Using Condensation Polymerization. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051738+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xie D, Park JG, Zhao J. Synthesis and evaluation of novel injectable and biodegradable polyglycolide-based composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Jabbari E, Wang S, Lu L, Gruetzmacher JA, Ameenuddin S, Hefferan TE, Currier BL, Windebank AJ, Yaszemski MJ. Synthesis, material properties, and biocompatibility of a novel self-cross-linkable poly(caprolactone fumarate) as an injectable tissue engineering scaffold. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:2503-11. [PMID: 16153086 PMCID: PMC2530909 DOI: 10.1021/bm050206y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel self-cross-linkable and biodegradable macromer, poly(caprolactone fumarate) (PCLF), has been developed for guided bone regeneration. This macromer is a copolymer of fumaryl chloride, which contains double bonds for in-situ cross-linking, and poly(epsilon-caprolactone), which has a flexible chain to facilitate self-cross-linkability. PCLF was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Porous scaffolds were fabricated with sodium chloride particles as the porogen and a chemical initiation system. The PCLF scaffolds were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed-tomography. The cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of PCLF were also assessed. Our results suggest that this novel copolymer, PCLF, is an injectable, self-cross-linkable, and biocompatible macromer that may be potentially used as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaiel Jabbari
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Shanfeng Wang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Lichun Lu
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - James A. Gruetzmacher
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Syed Ameenuddin
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Theresa E. Hefferan
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Bradford L. Currier
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Anthony J. Windebank
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Grijpma DW, Hou Q, Feijen J. Preparation of biodegradable networks by photo-crosslinking lactide, ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate-based oligomers functionalized with fumaric acid monoethyl ester. Biomaterials 2005; 26:2795-802. [PMID: 15603775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer networks were prepared from fumaric acid derivatives of oligomeric esters. Photo-crosslinkable macromers were prepared by reacting star-shaped hydroxyl-group terminated lactide, epsilon-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate based oligomers and fumaric acid monoethyl ester in the presence of N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 4-dimethylamino pyridine at room temperature. The functionalization method is facile and suited for many hydroxyl-terminated oligomers. The reactivity of the fumarate end groups is such that, upon crosslinking by UV radical polymerization, networks with high gel contents (up to 96%) can be obtained without the addition of reactive diluents. The physical properties of the networks can be tuned by adjusting the composition, architecture and molecular weight of the oligomeric precursors. Such networks, built up of non-toxic compounds and designed to release benign degradation products, may find wide application in tissue engineering and other areas of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk W Grijpma
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Institute for Biomedical Technology (BMTI), University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Kannan RY, Salacinski HJ, Sales K, Butler P, Seifalian AM. The roles of tissue engineering and vascularisation in the development of micro-vascular networks: a review. Biomaterials 2005; 26:1857-75. [PMID: 15576160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Accepted: 07/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The construction of tissue-engineered devices for medical applications is now possible in vitro using cell culture and bioreactors. Although methods of incorporating them back into the host are available, current constructs depend purely on diffusion which limits their potential. The absence of a vascular network capable of distributing oxygen and other nutrients within the tissue-engineered device is a major limiting factor in creating vascularised artificial tissues. Though bio-hybrid prostheses such as vascular bypass grafts and skin substitutes have already been developed and are being used clinically, the absence of a capillary bed linking the two systems remains the missing link. In this review, the different approaches currently being or that have been applied to vascularise tissues are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Y Kannan
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Centre (BTEC), University Department of Surgery, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
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Shung AK, Behravesh E, Jo S, Mikos AG. Crosslinking characteristics of and cell adhesion to an injectable poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) hydrogel using a water-soluble crosslinking system. TISSUE ENGINEERING 2003; 9:243-54. [PMID: 12740087 DOI: 10.1089/107632703764664710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The crosslinking characteristics of an injectable poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) [P(PF-co-EG)]-based hydrogel were investigated. A water-soluble crosslinking system was used, consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA), ammonium persulfate (APS), and ascorbic acid (AA). The effects of PEG block length of the P(PF-co-EG), APS concentration, AA concentration, and PEG-DA concentration on equilibrium water content, sol fraction, onset of gelation, mechanical properties, and endothelial cell adhesion were studied. The equilibrium water content of the hydrogels ranged from 57.1 +/- 0.3 to 79.7 +/- 0.2% whereas the sol fraction ranged from 2.5 +/- 0.0 to 3.33 +/- 5.4%. The onset of gelation times varied from 1.1 +/- 0.1 to 4.3 +/- 0.2 min. For all hydrogel formulations, the tensile strength fell between 61.7 +/- 18.2 and 401.3 +/- 67.5 kPa and tensile moduli ranged from 0.4 +/- 0.0 to 3.3 +/- 0.3 MPa. Endothelial cells attached to the hydrogels in a range of 3.9 +/- 1.4 to 31.1 +/- 14.1% of cells seeded. These findings suggest that injectable poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) hydrogel formulations in conjunction with a novel water-soluble crosslinking system may be useful for in situ crosslinkable tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert K Shung
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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Shung AK, Timmer MD, Jo S, Engel PS, Mikos AG. Kinetics of poly(propylene fumarate) synthesis by step polymerization of diethyl fumarate and propylene glycol using zinc chloride as a catalyst. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2002; 13:95-108. [PMID: 12003078 DOI: 10.1163/156856202753525963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diethyl fumarate and propylene glycol were reacted in the presence of a zinc chloride catalyst to synthesize poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) over a period of 12 hours. The kinetics of the transesterification polymerization at 130 degrees C, 150 degrees C, and 200 degrees C were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis. The initial rate of polymerization at each temperature was quantified by calculating the rate of change of the number average molecular weight (Mn). At 200 degrees C, gelation of the PPF occurred after 4 h. GPC analysis of the reaction showed that PPF synthesized at 150 degrees C had a higher final Mn of 4600 (+/- 190) and a higher weight average molecular weight of 10500 (+/- 760) than at 130 degrees C (n = 3). The chemical structure of the PPF was verified by NMR and FT-IR analysis. This study demonstrated that the maximum Mn of PPF by a transesterification reaction is limited due to gelation of PPF at high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert K Shung
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA
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Friedman JA, Windebank AJ, Moore MJ, Spinner RJ, Currier BL, Yaszemski MJ. Biodegradable Polymer Grafts for Surgical Repair of the Injured Spinal Cord. Neurosurgery 2002. [DOI: 10.1227/00006123-200209000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Vehof JWM, Fisher JP, Dean D, van der Waerden JPCM, Spauwen PHM, Mikos AG, Jansen JA. Bone formation in transforming growth factor beta-1-coated porous poly(propylene fumarate) scaffolds. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2002; 60:241-51. [PMID: 11857430 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the bone growth into pretreated poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) scaffolds implanted into a subcritical size, rabbit cranial defect. PPF scaffolds were constructed by using a photocrosslinking-porogen leaching technique. These scaffolds were then either prewetted (PPF-Pw), treated with RF glow-discharge (PPF-Gd), coated with fibronectin (PPF-Fn), or coated with rhTGF-beta1 (PPF-TGF-beta1). One of each scaffold type was then placed into the cranium of nine rabbits. The rabbits were sacrificed after 8 weeks, and the scaffolds were retrieved for histological analysis. The most bone formation was present in the PPF-TGF-beta1 implants; the newly formed bone had a trabecular appearance together with bone marrow-like tissue. Little or no bone formation was observed in implants without rhTGF-beta1. These histological findings were confirmed by image analysis. Bone surface area, bone area percentage, pore fill percentage, and pore area percentage were significantly higher in the rhTGF-beta1-coated implants than in the noncoated implants. No statistical difference was seen between the PPF-Fn, PPF-Pw, or PPF-Gd scaffolds for these parameters. Quadruple fluorochrome labeling showed that in PPF-TGF-beta1 implants bone formation mainly started in the interior of a pore and proceeded toward the scaffold. We conclude that (a) PPF-TGF-beta1 scaffolds can indeed adequately induce bone formation in porous PPF, and (b) PPF scaffolds prepared by the photocrosslinking-porogen leaching technique are good candidates for the creation of bone graft substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan W M Vehof
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dental Science, University Medical Center Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Behravesh E, Jo S, Zygourakis K, Mikos AG. Synthesis of in situ cross-linkable macroporous biodegradable poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:374-81. [PMID: 11888325 DOI: 10.1021/bm010158r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a synthesis method of biodegradable macroporous hydrogels suitable as in situ cross-linkable biomaterials. Macroporous hydrogels were based on poly(propylene fumarate-co-ethylene glycol) and prepared via coupled free radical and pore formation reactions. Cross-linking was initiated by a pair of redox initiators, ammonium persulfate and L-ascorbic acid. Pores were formed by the reaction between L-ascorbic acid and sodium bicarbonate, a basic component, which evolved carbon dioxide. Sol fraction of the hydrogels was varied from 0.06 +/- 0.01 to 0.64 +/- 0.01. A stereological approach was used to analyze the morphological properties of the macroporous hydrogels by relating the morphological properties of thin sections to the original three-dimensional macroporous hydrogel. Prepared macroporous hydrogels had porosities between 0.43 +/- 0.08 and 0.84 +/- 0.02 and surface area densities between 55 +/- 3 and 108 +/- 7 cm(-1). Sodium bicarbonate concentration had the greatest effect on both the porosity and surface area density. The effect of copolymer formulation on the porosity and surface area density was insignificant. From thin sections of the macroporous hydrogels, the profile size distributions were determined as an estimate of the pore size distribution. Two formulations synthesized with varying L-ascorbic acid concentration of 0.05 and 0.1 M had median profile sizes of 50-100 and 150-200 microm, respectively. This novel synthesis method allows for the in situ cross-linking of biodegradable macroporous hydrogels with morpholological properties suitable for consideration as an injectable tissue engineering scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esfandiar Behravesh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, PO Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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