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Cho Y, Abu-Ali G, Tashiro H, Kasahara DI, Brown TA, Brand JD, Mathews JA, Huttenhower C, Shore SA. The Microbiome Regulates Pulmonary Responses to Ozone in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 59:346-354. [PMID: 29529379 PMCID: PMC6189641 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0404oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports demonstrate that the microbiome impacts allergic airway responses, including airway hyperresponsiveness, a characteristic feature of asthma. Here we examined the role of the microbiome in pulmonary responses to a nonallergic asthma trigger, ozone. We depleted the microbiota of conventional mice with either a single antibiotic (ampicillin, metronidazole, neomycin, or vancomycin) or a cocktail of all four antibiotics given via the drinking water. Mice were then exposed to room air or ozone. In air-exposed mice, airway responsiveness did not differ between antibiotic- and control water-treated mice. Ozone caused airway hyperresponsiveness, the magnitude of which was decreased in antibiotic cocktail-treated mice versus water-treated mice. Except for neomycin, single antibiotics had effects similar to those observed with the cocktail. Compared with conventional mice, germ-free mice also had attenuated airway responsiveness after ozone. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal DNA to characterize the gut microbiome indicated that bacterial genera that were decreased in mice with reduced ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness after antibiotic treatment were short-chain fatty acid producers. Serum analysis indicated reduced concentrations of the short-chain fatty acid propionate in cocktail-treated mice but not in neomycin-treated mice. Dietary enrichment with pectin, which increased serum short-chain fatty acids, also augmented ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Furthermore, propionate supplementation of the drinking water augmented ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in conventional mice. Our data indicate that the microbiome contributes to ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, likely via its ability to produce short-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Galeb Abu-Ali
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lu D, Yao X, Abulimiti A, Cai L, Zhou L, Hong J, Li N. Profiling of lung microbiota in the patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11175. [PMID: 29952967 PMCID: PMC6039595 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung microbiota may affect innate immunity and treatment consequence in the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained from 11 OSA patients and 8 patients with other lung diseases as control, and used for lung microbiota profiling by PCR amplification and sequencing of the microbial samples. It was demonstrated that phyla of Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Bacteriodetes were relatively abundant in the lung microbiota. Alpha-diversity comparison between OSA and control group revealed that Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were significantly higher in OSA patients (0.3863 ± 0.0631 and 0.0682 ± 0.0159, respectively) than that in control group (0.119 ± 0.074 and 0.0006 ± 0.0187, respectively, P < .05 for both phyla). In contrast, Firmicutes was significantly less in OSA patients (0.1371 ± 0.0394) compared with that in the control group (0.384 ± 0.046, P < .05). Comparison within a group (ß-diversity) indicated that the top 5 phyla in the OSA lung were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Acidobacteria, while the top 5 phyla in the control group were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. These findings indicated that lung microbiota in OSA is distinct from that of non-OSA patients. Manipulation of the microbiota may be an alternative strategy to augment airway immunity and to reduce susceptibility to airway infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Lu
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
| | - Ayinigeer Abulimiti
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
| | - Li Cai
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
| | - Ling Zhou
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
| | - Jing Hong
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
| | - Nanfang Li
- The Center of Hypertension of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Center of Diagnosis, Treatment and Research of Hypertension in Xinjiang
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Microbe-mitochondrion crosstalk and health: An emerging paradigm. Mitochondrion 2017; 39:20-25. [PMID: 28838618 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human mitochondria are descendants of microbes and altered mitochondrial function has been implicated in processes ranging from ageing to diabetes. Recent work has highlighted the importance of gut microbial communities in human health and disease. While the spotlight has been on the influence of such communities on the human immune system and the extraction of calories from otherwise indigestible food, an important but less investigated link between the microbes and mitochondria remains unexplored. Microbial metabolites including short chain fatty acids as well as other molecules such as pyrroloquinoline quinone, fermentation gases, and modified fatty acids influence mitochondrial function. This review focuses on the known direct and indirect effects of microbes upon mitochondria and speculates regarding additional links for which there is circumstantial evidence. Overall, while there is compelling evidence that a microbiota-mitochondria link exists, explicit and holistic mechanistic studies are warranted to advance this nascent field.
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Li J, Hao C, Ren L, Xiao Y, Wang J, Qin X. Data Mining of Lung Microbiota in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164510. [PMID: 27741283 PMCID: PMC5065158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major therapeutic strategy used to treat exacerbated cystic fibrosis (CF) is antibiotic treatment. As this approach easily generates antibiotic-resistant strains of opportunistic bacteria, optimized antibiotic therapies are required to effectively control chronic and recurrent bacterial infections in CF patients. A promising future for the proper use of antibiotics is the management of lung microbiota. However, the impact of antibiotic treatments on CF microbiota and vice versa is not fully understood. This study analyzed 718 sputum samples from 18 previous studies to identify differences between CF and uninfected lung microbiota and to evaluate the effects of antibiotic treatments on exacerbated CF microbiota. A reference-based OTU (operational taxonomic unit) picking method was used to combine analyses of data generated using different protocols and platforms. Findings show that CF microbiota had greater richness and lower diversity in the community structure than uninfected control (NIC) microbiota. Specifically, CF microbiota showed higher levels of opportunistic bacteria and dramatically lower levels of commensal bacteria. Antibiotic treatment affected exacerbated CF microbiota notably but only transiently during the treatment period. Limited decrease of the dominant opportunistic bacteria and a dramatic decrease of commensal bacteria were observed during the antibiotic treatment for CF exacerbation. Simultaneously, low abundance opportunistic bacteria were thriving after the antibiotic treatment. The inefficiency of the current antibiotic treatment against major opportunistic bacteria and the detrimental effects on commensal bacteria indicate that the current empiric antibiotic treatment on CF exacerbation should be reevaluated and optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chunyan Hao
- College of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science & Technology, Taiyuan 030021, China
| | - Lili Ren
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- MOH Key Laboratory of System Pathogen Biology and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, IPB, CAMS-Foundation Mérieux, Institute of Pathogen Biology (IPB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Bosch AATM, Levin E, van Houten MA, Hasrat R, Kalkman G, Biesbroek G, de Steenhuijsen Piters WAA, de Groot PKCM, Pernet P, Keijser BJF, Sanders EAM, Bogaert D. Development of Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiota in Infancy is Affected by Mode of Delivery. EBioMedicine 2016; 9:336-345. [PMID: 27333043 PMCID: PMC4972531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Birth by Caesarian section is associated with short- and long-term respiratory morbidity. We hypothesized that mode of delivery affects the development of the respiratory microbiota, thereby altering its capacity to provide colonization resistance and consecutive pathobiont overgrowth and infections. Therefore, we longitudinally studied the impact of mode of delivery on the nasopharyngeal microbiota development from birth until six months of age in a healthy, unselected birth cohort of 102 children (n=761 samples). Here, we show that the respiratory microbiota develops within one day from a variable mixed bacterial community towards a Streptococcus viridans-predominated profile, regardless of mode of delivery. Within the first week, rapid niche differentiation had occurred; initially with in most infants Staphylococcus aureus predominance, followed by differentiation towards Corynebacterium pseudodiphteriticum/propinquum, Dolosigranulum pigrum, Moraxella catarrhalis/nonliquefaciens, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and/or Haemophilus influenzae dominated communities. Infants born by Caesarian section showed a delay in overall development of respiratory microbiota profiles with specifically reduced colonization with health-associated commensals like Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum, thereby possibly influencing respiratory health later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid A T M Bosch
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | | | - Raiza Hasrat
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gino Kalkman
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Giske Biesbroek
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter A A de Steenhuijsen Piters
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter-Kees C M de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Pernet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp and Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J F Keijser
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A M Sanders
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Bogaert
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsah Kazani
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wunderink RG, Niederman MS. Update in respiratory infections 2011. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 185:1261-5. [PMID: 22707732 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201203-0540up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Wunderink
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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