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Janßen HC, Angrisani N, Kalies S, Hansmann F, Kietzmann M, Warwas DP, Behrens P, Reifenrath J. Biodistribution, biocompatibility and targeted accumulation of magnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticles as drug carrier in orthopedics. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:14. [PMID: 31941495 PMCID: PMC6964035 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-0578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In orthopedics, the treatment of implant-associated infections represents a high challenge. Especially, potent antibacterial effects at implant surfaces can only be achieved by the use of high doses of antibiotics, and still often fail. Drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles are very promising for local selective therapy, enabling lower systemic antibiotic doses and reducing adverse side effects. The idea of the following study was the local accumulation of such nanoparticles by an externally applied magnetic field combined with a magnetizable implant. The examination of the biodistribution of the nanoparticles, their effective accumulation at the implant and possible adverse side effects were the focus. In a BALB/c mouse model (n = 50) ferritic steel 1.4521 and Ti90Al6V4 (control) implants were inserted subcutaneously at the hindlimbs. Afterwards, magnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticles (MNPSNPs), modified with rhodamine B isothiocyanate and polyethylene glycol-silane (PEG), were administered intravenously. Directly/1/7/21/42 day(s) after subsequent application of a magnetic field gradient produced by an electromagnet, the nanoparticle biodistribution was evaluated by smear samples, histology and multiphoton microscopy of organs. Additionally, a pathohistological examination was performed. Accumulation on and around implants was evaluated by droplet samples and histology. RESULTS Clinical and histological examinations showed no MNPSNP-associated changes in mice at all investigated time points. Although PEGylated, MNPSNPs were mainly trapped in lung, liver, and spleen. Over time, they showed two distributional patterns: early significant drops in blood, lung, and kidney and slow decreases in liver and spleen. The accumulation of MNPSNPs on the magnetizable implant and in its area was very low with no significant differences towards the control. CONCLUSION Despite massive nanoparticle capture by the mononuclear phagocyte system, no significant pathomorphological alterations were found in affected organs. This shows good biocompatibility of MNPSNPs after intravenous administration. The organ uptake led to insufficient availability of MNPSNPs in the implant region. For that reason, among others, the nanoparticles did not achieve targeted accumulation in the desired way, manifesting future research need. However, with different conditions and dimensions in humans and further modifications of the nanoparticles, this principle should enable reaching magnetizable implant surfaces at any time in any body region for a therapeutic reason.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Catherina Janßen
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, NIFE-Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Angrisani
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, NIFE-Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalies
- Institute of Quantum Optics, NIFE-Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Leibniz University Hannover, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Hansmann
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manfred Kietzmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dawid Peter Warwas
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janin Reifenrath
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, NIFE-Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Bram S, Gordon MN, Carbonell MA, Pink M, Stein BD, Morgan DG, Aguilà D, Aromí G, Skrabalak SE, Losovyj Y, Bronstein LM. Zn 2+ Ion Surface Enrichment in Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Leads to Charge Carrier Density Enhancement. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16328-16337. [PMID: 31458268 PMCID: PMC6643693 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the development of monodisperse Zn-doped iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with different amounts of Zn (Zn x Fe3-x O4, 0 < x < 0.43) by thermal decomposition of a mixture of zinc and iron oleates. The as-synthesized NPs show a considerable fraction of wüstite (FeO) which is transformed to spinel upon 2 h oxidation of the NP reaction solutions. At any Zn doping amounts, we observed the enrichment of the NP surface with Zn2+ ions, which is enhanced at higher Zn loadings. Such a distribution of Zn2+ ions is attributed to the different thermal decomposition profiles of Zn and Fe oleates, with Fe oleate decomposing at much lower temperature than that of Zn oleate. The decomposition of Zn oleate is, in turn, catalyzed by a forming iron oxide phase. The magnetic properties were found to be strongly dependent on the Zn doping amounts, showing the saturation magnetization to decrease by 9 and 20% for x = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively. On the other hand, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy near the Fermi level demonstrates that the Zn0.05Fe2.95O4 sample displays a more metallic character (a higher charge carrier density) than undoped iron oxide NPs, supporting its use as a spintronic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Bram
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Matthew N. Gordon
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Michael A. Carbonell
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Maren Pink
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Barry D. Stein
- Department
of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - David Gene Morgan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - David Aguilà
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Guillem Aromí
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sara E. Skrabalak
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Yaroslav Losovyj
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- E-mail: (Y.L.)
| | - Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- A.N.
Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80303, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- E-mail: (L.M.B.)
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Ji Y, Choi SK, Sultan AS, Chuncai K, Lin X, Dashtimoghadam E, Melo MA, Weir M, Xu H, Tayebi L, Nie Z, Depireux DA, Masri R. Nanomagnetic-mediated drug delivery for the treatment of dental disease. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:919-927. [PMID: 29408655 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the vitality of the dental pulp, the highly innervated and highly vascular, innermost layer of the tooth, is a critical goal of any dental procedure. Upon injury, targeting the pulp with specific therapies is challenging because it is encased in hard tissues. This project describes a method that can effectively deliver therapeutic agents to the pulp. This method relies on the use of nanoparticles that can be actively steered using magnetic forces to the pulp, traveling through naturally occurring channels in the dentin (the middle layer of the tooth). This method can reduce the inflammation of injured pulp and improve the penetration of dental adhesives into dentin. Such a delivery method would be less expensive, and both less painful and less traumatic than existing therapeutic options available for treatment of injured dental pulp. This technique would be simple and could be readily translated to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Ji
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seung K Choi
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed S Sultan
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kong Chuncai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoying Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Mary Anne Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huakun Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Didier A Depireux
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Radi Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Labens R, Lascelles BDX, Charlton AN, Ferrero NR, Van Wettere AJ, Xia XR, Blikslager AT. Ex vivo effect of gold nanoparticles on porcine synovial membrane. Tissue Barriers 2014; 1:e24314. [PMID: 24665389 PMCID: PMC3879126 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.24314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have great potential as carriers for local drug delivery and as a primary therapeutic for treatment of inflammation. Here we report on the AuNP-synovium interaction in an ex vivo model of intra-articular application for treatment of joint inflammation. Sheets of porcine femoropatellar synovium were obtained post mortem and each side of the tissue samples was maintained in a separate fluid environment. Permeability to AuNPs of different sizes (5-52 nm) and biomarker levels of inflammation were determined to characterize the ex vivo particle interaction with the synovium. Lipopolysaccharide or recombinant human interleukin-1β were added to fluid environments to assess the ex vivo effect of pro-inflammatory factors on permeability and biomarker levels. The synovium showed size selective permeability with only 5 nm AuNPs effectively permeating the entire tissues' width. This process was further governed by particle stability in the fluid environment. AuNPs reduced matrix metalloproteinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and hyaluronic acid concentrations but had no effect on prostaglandin E2 levels. Exposure to pro-inflammatory factors did not significantly affect AuNP permeation or biomarker levels in this model. Results with ex vivo tissue modeling of porcine synovium support an anti-inflammatory effect of AuNPs warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Labens
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Anna N Charlton
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Nicole R Ferrero
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Arnaud J Van Wettere
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Xin-Riu Xia
- Department of Biology; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Anthony T Blikslager
- Center for Comparative Medicine & Translational Research; College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh, NC USA
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5
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Mendes RG, Koch B, Bachmatiuk A, El-Gendy AA, Krupskaya Y, Springer A, Klingeler R, Schmidt O, Büchner B, Sanchez S, Rümmeli MH. Synthesis and toxicity characterization of carbon coated iron oxide nanoparticles with highly defined size distributions. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:160-9. [PMID: 24007898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron oxide nanoparticles hold great promise for future biomedical applications. To this end numerous studies on iron oxide nanoparticles have been conducted. One aspect these studies reveal is that nanoparticle size and shape can trigger different cellular responses through endocytic pathways, cell viability and early apoptosis. However, systematic studies investigating the size dependence of iron oxide nanoparticles with highly defined diameters across multiple cells lines are not available yet. METHODS Iron oxide nanoparticles with well-defined size distributions were prepared. All samples were thoroughly characterized and the cytotoxicity for four standard cell lines (HeLa Kyoto, human osteosarcoma (U2OS), mouse fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and mouse macrophages (J7442)) where investigated. RESULTS Our findings show that small differences in size distribution (ca. 10nm) of iron oxide nanoparticles do not influence cytotoxicity, while uptake is size dependent. Cytotoxicity is dose-dependent. Broad distributions of nanoparticles are more easily internalized as compared to the narrow distributions for two of the cell lines tested (HeLa Kyoto and mouse macrophages (J7442)). CONCLUSION The data indicate that it is not feasible to probe changes in cytotoxicity within a small size range (10nm). However, TEM investigations of the nanoparticles indicate that cellular uptake is size dependent. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The present work compares narrow and broad distributions for various samples of carbon-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. The data highlights that cells differentiate between nanoparticle sizes as indicated by differences in cellular uptake. This information provides valuable knowledge to better understand the interaction of nanoparticles and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gregorio Mendes
- Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
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6
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Nanoparticles for improved local retention after intra-articular injection into the knee joint. Pharm Res 2012; 30:257-68. [PMID: 22996566 PMCID: PMC3524502 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate using cationic polymeric nanoparticles that interact with hyaluronate to form ionically cross-linked hydrogels to increase the intra-articular retention time of osteoarthritis drugs in the synovial cavity. Methods In vitro tests included nanoparticle release from cross-linked hydrogels using syringe and membrane dissolution tests, viscosity measurement of synovial fluid containing hydrogels, and release-rate measurement for a model active conjugated to a cationically substituted dextran using a hydrolyzable ester linkage in a sink dissolution test. Nanoparticle retention after intra-articular injection into rat knees was measured in vivo using fluorescence molecular tomography. Results Diffusional and convective transport of cationic nanoparticles from ionically cross-linked hydrogels formed in synovial fluid was slower in vitro than for uncharged nanoparticles. Hydrogels formed after the nanoparticles were mixed with synovial fluid did not appreciably alter the viscosity of the synovial fluid in vitro. In vitro release of a conjugated peptide from the cationic nanoparticles was approximately 20% per week. After intra-articular injection in rat knees, 70% of the nanoparticles were retained in the joint for 1 week. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of using cationic polymeric nanoparticles to increase the retention of therapeutic agents in articular joints for indications such as osteoarthritis.
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7
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Allard-Vannier E, Cohen-Jonathan S, Gautier J, Hervé-Aubert K, Munnier E, Soucé M, Legras P, Passirani C, Chourpa I. Pegylated magnetic nanocarriers for doxorubicin delivery: A quantitative determination of stealthiness in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 81:498-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Budgin AM, Kabachii YA, Shifrina ZB, Valetsky PM, Kochev SS, Stein BD, Malyutin A, Bronstein LM. Functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles with amphiphilic block copolymers: self-assembled thermoresponsive submicrometer particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4142-4151. [PMID: 22303838 DOI: 10.1021/la205056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
For the first time the four block copolymers derived from 1-alkyl[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylammonium bromides with hexyl (ADA) or cetyl (ADHA) groups and 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) or N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) were synthesized and employed for functionalization of monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The polyADA (pADA) or polyADHA (pADHA) block consists of long hydrophobic tails (C(6) or C(16)) connected to a positively charged quaternary ammonium group, making this block amphiphilic. The second block was either fully hydrophilic (pHEA) or thermoresponsive (pNIPAM). The dependence of the NP coating on the length of the hydrophobic tail in the amphiphilic block, the composition of the hydrophilic block, and the NP sizes have been studied. Unusual self-assembling of iron oxide NPs into well-defined composite submicrometer particles was observed for pADHA-b-pNIPAM in the wide range of concentrations (at the pADHA repeating unit concentrations of 0.065 × 10(-2)-2.91 × 10(-2) mmol/mL per 1 mg/mL NPs) but only two concentrations, 1.62 × 10(-2) and 1.94 × 10(-2) mmol/mL, led to regular spherical particles. The thermoresponsive behavior of these composite particles was tested using ζ-potential and dynamic light scattering measurements, while the morphology of particles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Coating of NPs with pADHA-b-pHEA results in the formation of individually coated NPs. The different composite particle morphologies are explained by different properties of pHEA and pNIPAM. It is demonstrated that the composite particles based on pADHA-b-pNIPAM are responsive to a magnetic field and can be recommended as magnetic stoppers in biorelated membrane separations. The incorporation of Pd species in submicrometer particles makes them promising candidates for catalytic applications as magnetically recoverable catalysts with a high magnetic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Budgin
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Cano ME, Barrera A, Estrada JC, Hernandez A, Cordova T. An induction heater device for studies of magnetic hyperthermia and specific absorption ratio measurements. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:114904. [PMID: 22129001 DOI: 10.1063/1.3658818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of a device for generating ac magnetic fields based on a resonant inverter is presented, which has been specially designed to carry out experiments of magnetic hyperthermia. By determining the electric current in the LC resonant circuit, a maximum intensity of magnetic field around of 15 mT is calculated, with a frequency around of 206 kHz. This ac magnetic field is able to heat powdered magnetic materials embedded in biological systems to be used in biomedical applications. Indeed, in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the device we also present the measurements of the specific absorption rate in phantoms performed with commercially prepared Fe(3)O(4) and distilled water at different concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Cano
- Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, 47810 Ocotlán, JAL, Mexico.
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10
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Bronstein LM, Shifrina ZB. Dendrimers as encapsulating, stabilizing, or directing agents for inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5301-44. [PMID: 21718045 DOI: 10.1021/cr2000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Bronstein LM, Atkinson JE, Malyutin AG, Kidwai F, Stein BD, Morgan DG, Perry JM, Karty JA. Nanoparticles by decomposition of long chain iron carboxylates: from spheres to stars and cubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:3044-50. [PMID: 21294561 DOI: 10.1021/la104686d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the influence of reaction conditions and the chain length on the nanoparticle (NP) size and morphology for thermal decomposition of long-chain iron carboxylates such as Fe(III) oleate, palmitate, and myristate. In the majority of cases, spherical NPs are obtained; however, nonspherical morphologies were observed in some "extreme" conditions. For example, iron oxide nanostars are formed in eicosane at the Fe oleate/oleic acid ratio of 0.49 g/mL: the highest oleic acid content when NPs still form. The cubic NPs with flat facets are obtained by decomposition of iron palmitate at the lowest palmitic acid fractions, but the most monodisperse cubes are formed at the Fe palmitate/palmitic acid ratio of 1.19 g/mL. Elliptical NPs are formed from Fe myristate with the most well-defined structure. Easy transformation of these NPs from wüstite to maghemite without aggregation and loss of solubility makes them excellent candidates for biomedical applications after proper functionalization described in our preceding papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila M Bronstein
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Blank F, Gerber P, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Sakulkhu U, Salaklang J, De Peyer K, Gehr P, Nicod LP, Hofmann H, Geiser T, Petri-Fink A, Von Garnier C. Biomedical nanoparticles modulate specific CD4+ T cell stimulation by inhibition of antigen processing in dendritic cells. Nanotoxicology 2011; 5:606-21. [PMID: 21231795 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.541293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how nanoparticles may affect immune responses is an essential prerequisite to developing novel clinical applications. To investigate nanoparticle-dependent outcomes on immune responses, dendritic cells (DCs) were treated with model biomedical poly(vinylalcohol)-coated super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PVA-SPIONs). PVA-SPIONs uptake by human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) was analyzed by flow cytometry (FACS) and advanced imaging techniques. Viability, activation, function, and stimulatory capacity of MDDCs were assessed by FACS and an in vitro CD4+ T cell assay. PVA-SPION uptake was dose-dependent, decreased by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MDDC maturation at higher particle concentrations, and was inhibited by cytochalasin D pre-treatment. PVA-SPIONs did not alter surface marker expression (CD80, CD83, CD86, myeloid/plasmacytoid DC markers) or antigen-uptake, but decreased the capacity of MDDCs to process antigen, stimulate CD4+ T cells, and induce cytokines. The decreased antigen processing and CD4+ T cell stimulation capability of MDDCs following PVA-SPION treatment suggests that MDDCs may revert to a more functionally immature state following particle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Blank
- Department of Clinical Research , Division of Pulmonology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Bronstein LM, Shtykova EV, Malyutin A, Dyke JC, Gunn E, Gao X, Stein B, Konarev PV, Dragnea B, Svergun DI. Hydrophilization of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Modified Alternating Copolymers. Part 1: The Influence of the Grafting. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2010; 114:21900-21907. [PMID: 21221425 PMCID: PMC3017398 DOI: 10.1021/jp107283w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter 21.6 nm were coated with poly(maleic acid-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAcOD) modified with grafted 5,000 Da poly(ethyelene glycol) (PEG) or short ethylene glycol (EG) tails. The coating procedure utilizes hydrophobic interactions of octadecene and oleic acid tails, while the hydrolysis of maleic anhydride moieties as well as the presence of hydrophilic PEG (EG) tails allows the NP hydrophilicity. The success of the NP coating was found to be independent of the degree of grafting which was varied between 20 and 80% of the -MacOD-units, but depended on the length of the grafted tail. The NP coating and hydrophilization did not occur when the modified copolymer contained 750 Da PEG tails independently of the grafting degree. To explain this phenomenon the micellization of the modified PMAcOD copolymers in water was analyzed by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The PMAcOD molecules with the grafted 750 Da PEG tails form compact non-interacting disk-like micelles, whose stability apparently allows for no interactions with the NP hydrophobic shells. The PMAcOD containing the 5,000 Da PEG and EG tails form much larger aggregates capable of an efficient coating of the NPs. The coated NPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential measurements, and thermal gravimetry analysis. The latter method demonstrated that the presence of long PEG tails in modified PMAcOD allows the attachment of fewer macromolecules (by a factor of ~20) compared to the case of non-modified or EG modified PMAcOD, emphasizing the importance of PEG tails in NP hydrophilization. The NPs coated with PMAcOD modified with 60% (towards all -MAcOD- units) of the 5,000 PEG tails bear a significant negative charge and display good stability in buffers. Such NPs can be useful as magnetic cores for virus-like particle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Eleonora V. Shtykova
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 59, 117333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Malyutin
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jason C. Dyke
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Emily Gunn
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Xinfeng Gao
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Barry Stein
- Indiana University, Department of Biology, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Peter V. Konarev
- EMBL, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Huang X, Schmucker A, Dyke J, Hall SM, Retrum J, Stein B, Remmes N, Baxter DV, Dragnea B, Bronstein LM. Magnetic nanoparticles with functional silanes: evolution of well-defined shells from anhydride containing silane. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2009; 19:4231-4239. [PMID: 19763240 PMCID: PMC2745118 DOI: 10.1039/b821917f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modification of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by high temperature solvothermal routes is carried out using two silanes: (i) N-(6-aminohexyl)-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AHAPS) where only one end of the molecule reacts with the surface Fe-OH groups and (ii) 3-(triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinic anhydride (SSA) where both ends are reactive with Fe-OH. Depending on the NP synthesis protocol, the amount of surface OH groups on the NPs may differ, however, for all the cases presented here, the comparatively low OH group density prevents a high density of AHAPS coverage, yielding NP aggregates instead of single particles in aqueous solutions. Alternatively, use of SSA containing two terminal functionalities, anhydride and siloxy, which are both reactive towards the NP surface, results in the formation of discrete dense polymeric shells, providing stability of individual NPs in water. The mechanism of the SSA shell formation is discussed. The evolution of the chemical transformations leads to shells of different thickness and density, yet this evolution can be halted by hydrolysis, after which the NPs are water soluble, negatively charged and exhibit excellent stability in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Huang
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Si H, Zhou C, Wang H, Lou S, Li S, Du Z, Li LS. Controlled synthesis of different types iron oxides nanocrystals in paraffin oil. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 327:466-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Petri-Fink A, Hofmann H. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): from synthesis to in vivo studies--a summary of the synthesis, characterization, in vitro, and in vivo investigations of SPIONs with particular focus on surface and colloidal properties. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2008; 6:289-97. [PMID: 18217622 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2007.908987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a short summary of the synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and their behavior in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we have used various characterization techniques to deduce the physical particle size as well as magnetic properties. It is shown that the particle properties were significantly improved by a thermochemical treatment and dialysis, obtaining weakly interacting particles with a clear blocking temperature. We also present the interaction of polyvinyl alcohol and vinyl alcohol/vinyl amine copolymer-coated SPIONs with HELA cells. It is shown that the uptake increased significantly in the presence of a magnetic field and that surface functional groups had an impact on particle uptake and metabolic activity. Furthermore, the influences of the varied parameters (polymer type and therefore surface charge, cell medium, and serum) on the agglomeration rate and the cell uptake are presented and discussed. Finally, we briefly describe the intraarticular application of SPIONs in sheep, their uptake by synovial membrane, and their systemic distribution and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alke Petri-Fink
- Laboratory of Powder Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland.
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