Bacterial Isolation by Adsorption on Graphene Oxide from Large Volume Sample

Unveiling the antibacterial strategies and mechanisms of MoS2: a comprehensive analysis and future directions

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem that requires alternative antibacterial agents. MoS2, a two-dimensional transition metal sulfide, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its exceptional photocatalytic performance, excellent infrared photothermal effect, and impressive antibacterial properties. This review presents a detailed analysis of the antibacterial strategies and mechanism of MoS2, starting with its morphology and synthesis methods and focusing on the different interaction stages between MoS2 and bacteria. The paper summarizes the main antibacterial mechanisms of MoS2, such as photocatalytic antibacterial, enzyme-like catalytic antibacterial, physical antibacterial, and photothermal-assisted antibacterial. It offers a comprehensive discussion focus on recent research studies of photocatalytic antibacterial mechanisms and categorizes them, guiding the application of MoS2 in the antibacterial field. Overall, the review provides an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial mechanisms of MoS2 and presents the challenges and future directions for the improvement of MoS2 in the field of high-efficiency antibacterial materials.

Facile and foldable point-of-care biochip for nucleic acid based-colorimetric detection of murine norovirus in fecal samples using G-quadruplex and graphene oxide coated microbeads

Norovirus is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis, a disease characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. A rapid on-site identification of the virus from fecal samples of patients is a prerequisite for accurate medical management. Here, we demonstrate a rapid nucleic acid-based detection platform as an on-site biosensing tool that can concentrate viruses from fecal samples. Moreover, it can perform RNA extraction and identification, and signal amplification using G-quadruplex and hemin containing DNA probes (G-DNA probes) and graphene oxide (GO)-coated microbeads. Briefly, murine noroviruses are lysed without chemicals on the surface of the GO microbeads. Subsequently, the target RNA is hybridized with G-DNA probes, and the resultant RNA/G-DNA probe complex is separated from unbound G-DNA probes using GO beads and is mixed with the detection buffer (ABTS/H₂O₂). Presence of murine noroviruses causes a colorimetric change of the buffer from colorless to green. Thus, we integrated all processes required to detect murine noroviruses in stool samples in a simple foldable microfluidic chip. Moreover, it can detect 10¹ pfu of the virus in 30 min in a fecal sample.