1
|
Aru J, Rutiku R, Wibral M, Singer W, Melloni L. Early effects of previous experience on conscious perception. Neurosci Conscious 2016; 2016:niw004. [PMID: 30109125 PMCID: PMC6084554 DOI: 10.1093/nc/niw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Constructive theories of brain function such as predictive coding posit that prior knowledge affects our experience of the world quickly and directly. However, it is yet unknown how swiftly prior knowledge impacts the neural processes giving rise to conscious experience. Here we used an experimental paradigm where prior knowledge augmented perception and measured the timing of this effect with magnetoencephalography (MEG). By correlating the perceptual benefits of prior knowledge with the MEG activity, we found that prior knowledge took effect in the time-window 80–95 ms after stimulus onset, thus reflecting an early influence on conscious perception. The sources of this effect were localized to occipital and posterior parietal regions. These results are in line with the predictive coding framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaan Aru
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstrasse 46, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Present address: Institute of Public Law, University of Tartu, Tallinn 10119, Estonia.,Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu 50409, Estonia
| | - Renate Rutiku
- Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Näituse 2, Tartu 50409, Estonia.,Present address: Institute of Public Law, University of Tartu, Tallinn 10119, Estonia
| | - Michael Wibral
- MEG Unit, Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Heinrich Hoffmann Strasse 10, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Wolf Singer
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstrasse 46, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucia Melloni
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstrasse 46, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|