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Zhong Y, Yang Y, Zhang L, Ma D, Wen K, Cai J, Cai Z, Wang C, Chai X, Zhong J, Liang B, Huang Y, Xian H, Li Z, Yang X, Chen D, Zhang G, Huang Z. Revealing new insights: Two-center evidence of microplastics in human vitreous humor and their implications for ocular health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171109. [PMID: 38387563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), an emerging environmental contaminant, have raised growing health apprehension due to their detection in various human biospecimens. Despite extensive research into their prevalence in the environment and the human body, the ramifications of their existence within the enclosed confines of the human eye remain largely unexplored. Herein, we assembled a cohort of 49 patients with four ocular diseases (macular hole, macular epiretinal membrane, retinopathy and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment) from two medical centers. After processing the samples with an optimized method, we utilized Laser Direct Infrared (LD-IR) spectroscopy and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to analyze 49 vitreous samples, evaluating the characteristics of MPs within the internal environment of the human eye. Our results showed that LD-IR scanned a total of 8543 particles in the composite sample from 49 individual vitreous humor samples, identifying 1745 as plastic particles, predominantly below 50 μm. Concurrently, Py-GC/MS analysis of the 49 individual samples corroborated these findings, with nylon 66 exhibiting the highest content, followed by polyvinyl chloride, and detection of polystyrene. Notably, correlations were observed between MP levels and key ocular health parameters, particularly intraocular pressure and the presence of aqueous humor opacities. Intriguingly, individuals afflicted with retinopathy demonstrated heightened ocular health risks associated with MPs. In summary, this research provides significant insights into infiltration of MP pollutants within the human eye, shedding light on their potential implications for ocular health and advocating for further exploration of this emerging health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Zhong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Linan Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Dahui Ma
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Kailiang Wen
- Meizhou city Meijiang district Shenmei Eye Hospital, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Jiachun Cai
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Zhanmou Cai
- Meizhou city Meijiang district Shenmei Eye Hospital, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chai
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Jingwen Zhong
- Meizhou city Meijiang district Shenmei Eye Hospital, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Boxuan Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuji Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongyi Xian
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Da Chen
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, China.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Liu YT, Ma IH, Hsieh YT. Gender- and age-related differences in foveal pit morphology. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:S37-S41. [PMID: 38131540 PMCID: PMC10833167 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_146_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To measure the foveal pit morphology parameters and evaluate their correlations with age and sex. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A retrospective cross-sectional matched comparison study in a tertiary center. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty men and 40 age-matched women who had normal macular structures and foveal contours were enrolled. Foveal pit parameters including top width, base width, nasal width, temporal width, minimal thickness, nasal thickness, temporal thickness, nasal height, temporal height, nasal slope, and temporal slope were measured on horizontal B-scan macular optical coherence tomography and compared between men and women. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Paired t-tests and Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS The average patient age was 51.4 ± 17.5 (21-84) years. Women had a wider base width (313.1 ± 68.0 μm vs 266.8 ± 70.9 μm, P = 0.006), wider temporal width (1043.1 ± 245.6 μm vs 968.9 ± 261.0 μm, P = 0.006), thinner nasal thickness (345.6 ± 36.2 μm vs 359.7 ± 35.8 μm, P = 0.048), and flatter temporal slope (11.60 ± 2.52° vs 12.98 ± 2.68°, P = 0.016) than men. With age, the base width (r = 0.35, P = 0.025) and temporal width (r = 0.54, P = 0.0003) tended to be wider and the temporal slope was flatter (r = -0.45, P = 0.003) in women but not men. The minimal thickness tended to be thinner in the elderly group (r = 0.038, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Women had a significantly wider base width, wider temporal width, thinner nasal thickness, and flatter temporal slope of the foveal pit than age-matched men. The base width and temporal width were wider and the temporal slope was flatter with age in women but not men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ting Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Biomedical Park Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Gencoglu AY, Ağın A, Un Y, Ozturk Y. Quantification of Retinal Vein and Artery Trajectories Using Second-Order Polynomial Equation in Eyes with Vitreomacular Traction. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023:103616. [PMID: 37207841 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS To measure the degree of curvature of the retinal artery trajectory (RAT) and retinal vein trajectory (RVT) in the eyes of patients with vitreomacular traction (VMT) and compare them with their healthy fellow eyes. METHODS This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study of 58 eyes of 29 patients with unilateral VMT. The participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 VMT was defined as having only morphological changes, while group 2 VMT was defined as morphological changes accompanied by the presence of a cyst or hole to quantify the severity of the disease. The RATs and RVTs were assessed from the color fundus photographs using the ImageJ program. The fundus photographs were rotated 90 degrees. The course of the retinal arteries and veins were marked on a color fundus photograph and fitted to a second-degree polynomial curve (ax[x]/100+bx+c). The coefficient ''a'' was the width and steepness of the trajectories. The comparison between the RAT and RVT of vitreomacular traction and healthy fellow eyes was investigated and the association between the RAT and RVT and the severity of disease were determined using the Image J program. RESULTS Eleven subjects were male, and 18 subjects were female. The mean ± SD age was 70.6 ± 7.6 years. Eighteen of the eyes had VMT in the right and 11 of the eyes had VMT in the left eye. Eleven eyes were in group 1 and 18 eyes were in group 2. Axial length (AL) was similar between the two groups (22.63 ± 1.20 mm vs 22.45 ± 1.45 mm p=0.83). (Table 1) The mean RAT was 0.60±0.18 in eyes with VMT and 0.51±0.17in healthy eyes (p=0.063). The mean RVT was 0.74±0.24 in eyes with VMT and 0.62±0.25 in healthy eyes for the whole group (p=0.02). In group 1, the mean RVT of the eyes with VMT was statistically significantly higher than the healthy eyes (p=0.014). There was not any statistically significant difference for the other parameters evaluated between eyes with VMT and healthy eyes according to the groups and the whole group. (Table 2-3-4) CONCLUSION: Unlike other vitreoretinal interface diseases such as epiretinal membrane and macular hole, VMT may be characterized by a narrower RVT, which is characterized by a larger "a" value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Yucel Gencoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ağın
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Un
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yucel Ozturk
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Turkey
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