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Wilhelm S, Studzinski D, Alslaim H, Major M, Stadsvold B, Kehoe K, Iacco A, Walters C, Novotny NM. Optimizing throughput of babies with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Am J Surg 2024; 230:68-72. [PMID: 38307788 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Definitive surgical care is often delayed in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). Our aim is to evaluate the effect modifiable factors in preoperative HPS management have on efficiency of care. METHODS A retrospective review of all patients undergoing pyloromyotomy for HPS at two US children's hospitals between 2008 and 2018 was performed. RESULTS 406 patients were included in the study. The majority (310, 76 %) were adequately resuscitated and ready for surgery upon diagnosis in the ER. However, only 133 patients (43 %) had surgery on the day of admission. Patients diagnosed between 12pm and 6pm were more likely to have surgery the next day than those diagnosed before noon (67 % vs 33 %, p < .001), which correlated with a longer length of stay (32 vs 47 h, p < .001). CONCLUSION The majority of patients presenting with HPS can safely undergo same day surgery. Delaying surgery due to an afternoon diagnosis is common, and leads to a modifiable increased total length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Wilhelm
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Diane Studzinski
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Hossam Alslaim
- Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Surgery, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Major
- Geisinger Health System, Department of Vascular Surgery, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Brianna Stadsvold
- Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Surgery, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kaitlin Kehoe
- Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony Iacco
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Christian Walters
- Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Surgery, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nathan M Novotny
- Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Corewell Health Children's, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
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Danko ME, Evans PT, Upperman JS. Current management of pyloric stenosis. Semin Pediatr Surg 2022; 31:151145. [PMID: 35305799 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2022.151145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kelly MM, Cantu C, Richer EJ, Braithwaite KA, Linam LE, Riedesel EL, Loewen J, Simoneaux SF, Milla SS. Incidence and importance of portal venous gas in children with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Pediatr Radiol 2020; 50:1102-1106. [PMID: 32462306 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-020-04694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in young infants. Infants with HPS present with projectile vomiting, sometimes have electrolyte abnormalities and typically undergo pyloromyotomy to alleviate the obstruction. Abdominal US is the gold standard imaging study for diagnosis. Case reports of incidental hepatic portal venous gas have been reported in infants with HPS; however, no large studies have been conducted to determine the incidence or possible clinical implications of this finding. OBJECTIVE To assess the incidence of portal venous gas in infants with HPS and to determine whether the presence of this gas in infants with HPS indicates a more unstable patient, increased length of stay or worse outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of sonographic reports containing "pyloric stenosis," excluding negative descriptor, at a tertiary-care children's hospital from November 2010 to September 2017. Data collected included pyloric thickness/length, liver evaluation, portal venous gas, any additional imaging, demographics, symptomatology days, electrolyte abnormality, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS In a 7-year period, 545 US exams were positive for HPS. Of these, 334 exams included enough hepatic parenchyma to evaluate for portal venous gas. Infants in 6 of the 334 exams demonstrated portal venous gas (1.8%). Clinical presentation (length of symptoms and electrolyte abnormalities), demographics (male predominance and age at presentation) and imaging characteristics (pyloric thickness and length) were similar for the HPS groups with and without portal venous gas. There was no significant difference in outcome or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION Visualization of portal venous gas in infants with HPS is not rare and appears benign, without need for further imaging. Portal venous gas in infants with HPS does not portend a more severe patient presentation or outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Kelly
- Department of Radiology, Emory School of Medicine, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Cera Cantu
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward J Richer
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kiery A Braithwaite
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leann E Linam
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erica L Riedesel
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Loewen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephen F Simoneaux
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah S Milla
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Donda K, Asare-Afriyie B, Ayensu M, Sharma M, Amponsah JK, Bhatt P, Hesse MA, Dapaah-Siakwan F. Pyloric Stenosis: National Trends in the Incidence Rate and Resource Use in the United States From 2012 to 2016. Hosp Pediatr 2019; 9:923-932. [PMID: 31748239 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in infants; however, national-level data on incidence rate and resource use are lacking. We aimed to examine the national trends in hospitalizations for IHPS and resource use in its management in the United States from 2012 to 2016. METHODS We performed a retrospective serial cross-sectional study using data from the National Inpatient Sample, the largest health care database in the United States. We included infants aged ≤1 year assigned an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, or International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code for IHPS who underwent pyloromyotomy or pyloroplasty. We examined the temporal trends in the incidence rate (cases per 1000 live births) according to sex, insurance status, geographic region, and race. We examined resource use using length of stay (LOS) and hospital costs. Linear regression was used for trend analysis. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2016, there were 32 450 cases of IHPS and 20 808 149 live births (incidence rate of 1.56 per 1000). Characteristics of the study population were 82.7% male, 53% white, and 63.3% on Medicaid, and a majority were born in large (64%), urban teaching hospitals (90%). The incidence of IHPS varied with race, sex, socioeconomic status, and geographic region. In multivariable regression analysis, the incidence rate of IHPS decreased from 1.76 to 1.57 per 1000 (adjusted odds ratio 0.93; 95% confidence interval 0.92-0.93). The median cost of care was $6078.30, whereas the median LOS was 2 days, and these remained stable during the period. CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of IHPS decreased significantly between 2012 and 2016, whereas LOS and hospital costs remained stable. The reasons for the decline in the IHPS incidence rate may be multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur Donda
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Barbara Asare-Afriyie
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Marian Ayensu
- Department of Medicine, The Trust Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Batchelor Children's Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Parth Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences Center, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, Texas
| | | | - Fredrick Dapaah-Siakwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
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Abstract
High salaries indicate a demand for pediatric surgeons in excess of the supply, despite only a slight growth in the pediatric-age population and a sharp increase in numbers of trainees. Top-level neonatal intensive care units require 24-hour-7-day pediatric surgical availability, so hospitals are willing to pay surgeons a premium and engage high-priced locum tenens surgeons to fill vacancies in coverage. With increased supply comes an erosion of the numbers of cases performed by trainees and surgeons in practice. Caseloads may be inadequate to gain expertise and maintain skills. A quality initiative sponsored by the American College of Surgeons and the American Pediatric Surgical Association will discourage underresourced community facilities and surgeons without specialty training from performing operations on children, mostly common conditions such as appendicitis. This will further increase demand for specialty-trained practitioners. Receiving less attention are considerations of value, the ratio of quality per dollar cost. Cost concerns, paramount among buyers of health care (businesses, insurance companies, and governmental health agencies), will prefer community hospitals that have lower cost structures than specialty children's facilities. Less recognized are the costs to families, who for a myriad of reasons would prefer closer alternatives. Cost considerations support providing pediatric surgical services in local facilities. Quality considerations may be addressed by a tiered system where top centers would care for conditions that require technical expertise and advanced modalities. Evidence indicates that pediatric surgeons already direct such cases to more specialized centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don K. Nakayama
- Department of Surgery, Florida International University, Sacred Heart Medical Group, Pensacola, Florida
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