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Kwon OJ, Pendekanti S, Fox JN, Yanagawa J, Fishbein MC, Shivkumar K, Lambert HW, Ajijola OA. Morphological Spectra of Adult Human Stellate Ganglia: Implications for Thoracic Sympathetic Denervation. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:1244-1250. [PMID: 29451372 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) to treat ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) requires transection at the middle or lower third of stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglia (SG). However, the morphological appearance of the adult SG and distribution of neuronal somata within it are not well described. To determine the morphology of left and right SG (LSG and RSG) and the distribution of somata within. LSG and RSG (n = 28) from 14 embalmed adult cadavers were dissected intact. Weight, volume, height, morphologic appearance, relationship between C8 and T1 ganglia (which form the SG) were determined, along with histology. Demographics, history of cardiac disease, and cause of death were also reviewed. Mean age of the subjects was 76 ± 13 years, and 5/14 were male. Three distinct morphologies of SG were identified: fusiform-rounded; fusiform-elongated; and bilobed. RSG and LSG did not differ in weight or volume. RSG were longer than LSG (2.05 ± 0.28 cm vs. 1.66 ± 0.47 cm, P = 0.024). Bilobed morphology was most common in RSGs (8/14), while fused, elongated was most common in LSG (8/14). RSGs lacked fused, rounded appearance, while 28.6% of LSG appeared as such. Histologically, one focus of somata was seen in fused rounded ganglia, while fused elongated SG had somata distributed throughout. Bilobed SG demonstrated two foci of somata, with the interconnecting stalk containing sparse somata. SG appears in three major forms and contains varying distributions of somata. Larger studies are warranted to define the relationship between gross anatomy and distribution of neuronal somata to improve the efficacy of CSD in treating VAs. Anat Rec, 301:1244-1250, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Jin Kwon
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shrita Pendekanti
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jacob N Fox
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jane Yanagawa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael C Fishbein
- Department of Pathology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kalyanam Shivkumar
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - H Wayne Lambert
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Olujimi A Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Julian OC. Surgery of the Sympathetic Nervous System. Surg Clin North Am 1954. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)34301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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