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González-Cano-Caballero M, Torrejón-Guirado MC, Cano-Caballero MD, Mac Fadden I, Barrera-Villalba MDC, Lima-Serrano M. Adolescents and youths' opinions about the factors associated with cannabis use: a qualitative study based on the I-Change model. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:114. [PMID: 37046264 PMCID: PMC10091594 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To learn about the experiences and opinions of adolescent non-consumers and regular cannabis users about cannabis use and the factors that determine its use, using the I-Change explanatory model as a basis. METHODS Qualitative methodology with a content analysis was used. Focus groups were conducted with adolescents who were non-regular cannabis users (those who had not tried cannabis or had only experimented with it before) and semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescent and young adult in recovery who were in a detoxification program. A deductive analysis of the audio-recorded and transcribed interviews was performed, using the domains of the I-Change Model as a reference. RESULTS Personal problems, social problems or family problems can lead to cannabis use. There was a lack of knowledge and low risk perception about consumption of this drug. There are other factors that influence consumption, the perception of advantages, such as the feeling of freedom and the influence of the peer group. The consumption of this substance in girls is changing, becoming more and more equal to that of boys. The family has an important role to play in preventing drug use. CONCLUSION Knowledge of these factors is of vital importance as a prior step to the development of efficient intervention measures adjusted to the needs identified and the characteristics of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María-Carmen Torrejón-Guirado
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, 41009, Spain
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - María Dolores Cano-Caballero
- Deputy Directorate of Care. Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, 18014, Spain.
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. de la Ilustración, 60, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | | | | | - Marta Lima-Serrano
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, 41009, Spain
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Wang J, Hao QH, Tu Y, Wang Y, Peng W, Li H, Zhu TM. The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Internet Addiction Disorder Among Adolescents and College Students in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:799128. [PMID: 35573333 PMCID: PMC9091506 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.799128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) has become a social problem. Literature suggests that negative life events can cause numerous problematic behaviors and part of them will result in IAD. However, there is a lack of evidence that elucidates the association between negative life events and IAD. Thereby, we performed a comprehensive analysis to further document the relationship between negative life events and IAD among adolescents and college students in China. Methods We searched ten electronic databases for relevant articles. We extracted correlation coefficient (r) values from each study and calculated 95% confidence interval (95% CI) after applying Fisher's z. A random-effect or fixed-effect model was applied to analyze the data. Heterogeneity was examined using I2 statistics and the Cochran's Q statistics. Results A total of 31 studies were involved in this meta-analysis. Positive correlation was observed between negative life events and IAD. The subtype interpersonal relationship of negative life events was closely associationed with IAD. Conclusion There were significant positive association between negative life events and IAD. The findings can be used to guide IAD interventions. Systematic Review Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-hong Hao
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Tu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-min Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Fedorova EV, Wong CF, Conn BM, Ataiants J, Iverson E, Lankenau SE. COVID-19’s Impact on Substance Use and Well-Being of Younger Adult Cannabis Users in California: A Mixed Methods Inquiry. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2021; 52:207-224. [PMID: 35382397 PMCID: PMC8919106 DOI: 10.1177/00220426211052673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Few qualitative studies have examined the impact of COVID-19 on cannabis and alcohol use, and overall well-being among cannabis users. Cannabis users (aged 26-32) were surveyed quantitatively (n=158) and interviewed qualitatively (n=29) in April 2020–May 2021 in Los Angeles. 63.3% of the quantitative sample reported increasing use of either cannabis (29.1%) or alcohol (15.2%) or both (19.0%) following the COVID-19 outbreak. Qualitative data revealed that increases in cannabis and alcohol use were largely attributed to changes in employment and staying at home resulting in fewer impediments and boredom. Themes of loneliness and utilization of various coping strategies were more pronounced among those who increased cannabis and/or alcohol use. For some, increases in cannabis/alcohol use were temporary until participants adjusted to “a new normal” or embraced more adaptive coping strategies. Results suggest monitoring cannabis/alcohol use trends and identifying coping strategies to reduce the pandemic’s impact on substance use and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Fedorova
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carolyn F. Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Research on Children, Youth, & Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bridgid M. Conn
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Janna Ataiants
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ellen Iverson
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen E. Lankenau
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Fedorova EV, Wong CF, Ataiants J, Iverson E, Conn B, Lankenau SE. Cannabidiol (CBD) and other drug use among young adults who use cannabis in Los Angeles. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108648. [PMID: 33676073 PMCID: PMC8462788 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cannabidiol (CBD) is purportedly a promising therapeutic agent to provide relief for a variety of medical conditions with mild or no psychoactive effects. However, little is known about young adults who use cannabis and CBD-dominant products, and associations between CBD use and other drug use. METHODS Young adults (aged 24-32) who currently used cannabis (n = 239) were surveyed in Los Angeles in March 2019 through March 2020. The sample was divided into CBD-dominant (at least 1:1 CBD:THC ratio) and THC-dominant product users. We described CBD forms, reasons and conditions for CBD use and examined between-group differences in sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis practices, health and other drug use. RESULTS CBD-dominant users were more likely to be female, use cannabis at lower frequency and amount (except for edible/drinkable/oral products), self-report medical motivation for cannabis use, use cannabis for pain and report more health problems. Oil, flower, topicals and sprays/drops/tinctures were the most prevalent CBD forms. Psychological problems and pain were commonly reported conditions and medical reasons for CBD use. CBD-dominant users were more likely to report illicit drug use, where psilocybin use was markedly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS CBD use was associated with health histories and motivations linked to pain and psychological problems. Positive association between CBD use and illicit drug use may indicate self-medication for psychological conditions. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of various CBD forms and dose regimens for treatment of pain and psychological problems, and as a potential intervention for decreasing other drug use and associated harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V. Fedorova
- Drexel University, Dornsife School of Public Health,
Department of Community Health and Prevention, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
19104, United States
| | - Carolyn F. Wong
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, United
States,Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Division of
Adolescent Medicine, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #2, Los Angeles, CA 90027, United
States,Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Division of
Research on Children, Youth, & Families, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #2, Los Angeles,
CA 90027, United States
| | - Janna Ataiants
- Drexel University, Dornsife School of Public Health,
Department of Community Health and Prevention, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
19104, United States
| | - Ellen Iverson
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, United
States,Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Division of
Adolescent Medicine, 4650 Sunset Blvd., MS #2, Los Angeles, CA 90027, United
States
| | - Bridgid Conn
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, United
States
| | - Stephen E. Lankenau
- Drexel University, Dornsife School of Public Health,
Department of Community Health and Prevention, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
19104, United States
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