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Pang P, Zhuang S, Liu J, Chang LJ, Yang H, Fan X, Mi J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Liu Y, Zhang W, Ma W. Effect of different acupuncture sequences of Huiyangjiuzhen acupoints on blood glucose and hemorheology in the anesthetized rabbits. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25497. [PMID: 38370255 PMCID: PMC10867347 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Hemorheology and blood glucose are commonly used to estimate the risks of thrombosis and stress hyperglycemia after anaesthesia. The sequence of acupoint stimulation might influence the therapeutic effects of acupuncture. In the current study, we aimed at investigating the effect of different acupuncture sequences of "Huiyangjiuzhen" acupoints on the blood glucose and hemorheology in anesthetized rabbits. Methods Twenty-five rabbits were randomly divided into five groups, including the control group (CG), the positive-sequence group (PSG), the reverse-sequence group (RSG), the disorder-sequence group (DSG), and the random group (RG). Except for the CG and RG, the rabbits in other groups were acupunctured with different sequences of "Huiyangjiuzhen"acupoints when the rabbits were anesthetized. The acupoints in rabbits of the RG were chosen randomly. The levels of blood glucose and hemorheology indexes before and after anaesthesia was detected. Results In the PSG, Hηb 200/s, Mηb 30/s, Hηr 200/s, ERI, hematocrit and plasma viscosity levels were decreased, and the blood glucose level was not changed. In the DSG, the levels of Mηb 30/s and hematocrit were decreased, and the blood glucose was increased. In the CG, RSG and RG, no hemorheology indexes were changed and the blood glucose was increased. Conclusion "Huiyangjiuzhen" acupuncture could decrease the risks of post-operative thrombosis and stress hyperglycemia in anesthetized rabbits. This effectiveness depends on both acupuncture and acupuncture sequence at the "Huiyangjiuzhen" acupoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Shen Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Li-jen Chang
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Haoyan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Jie Mi
- Xi'an Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 710065, PR China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Beijing Xiangyun Guanzhong Veterinary Hospital, Shunyi, 101318, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Yingqiu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Wuren Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
- Xi'an Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, 710065, PR China
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Kim Y, Jeon HY, Yang I, Kim JH, Chung JH, Ju JH, Kim G, Park JW, Oh SY, Seong JK, Oh SH, Joo YS. Endotracheal intubation in rabbits using a video laryngoscope with a modified blade. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:24. [PMID: 35897051 PMCID: PMC9327175 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbits are being increasingly used as companion animals, and in research; thus, the need for proper veterinary care for rabbits has increased. Surgical access is more challenging in rabbits under inhalation anesthesia compared to other animals, such as dogs and cats. Rabbits have a very narrow and deep oral cavity, large incisors, and a large tongue. Moreover, their temporomandibular joint has limited mobility, making it more difficult to approach the larynx. Various methods have been proposed to overcome this difficulty. The video laryngoscope was introduced in 1999 and is useful when airway intubation is unsuccessful using a conventional laryngoscope. We postulated that a video laryngoscope with a modified size 1 Macintosh blade (McGrath MAC Video Laryngoscope, Medtronic, USA) would facilitate the intubation of New Zealand White rabbits. Sixteen specific-pathogen-free male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 3.45–4.70 kg were studied. All rabbits were intubated using the video laryngoscope. Typically, a 3.0 mm endotracheal tube was used for rabbits weighing < 4 kg, while a 3.5 mm tube was used in those weighing > 4 kg. During surgery, anesthesia was well maintained, and there were no major abnormalities in the animals’ conditions. No rabbit developed breathing difficulties or anorexia after recovering from anesthesia. We established an intubation method using a video laryngoscope with a modified blade and stylet in the supine (ventrodorsal) position and successfully applied it in 16 rabbits. It is useful for training novices and for treating rabbits in veterinary hospitals with few staff members and animal research facilities where there are insufficient human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insook Yang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Resources, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Chung
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Ju
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghun Kim
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Park
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Oh
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shin Joo
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Industry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Laboratory Animal, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ong BHE, Hidaka Y, Kaneko Y, Yamamoto S, Mizutani S, Sekiguchi S, Torisu S, Naganobu K. Effects of a single-bolus bupivacaine injection into the coccygeal spinal canal of rabbits. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:197-203. [PMID: 31969542 PMCID: PMC7041980 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that drugs intended for epidural administration through the
lumbosacral junction are accidentally administered into the subarachnoid space frequently
in rabbits. Therefore, we evaluated the epidural single-bolus injection technique for the
administration of bupivacaine into the coccygeal spinal canal of rabbits. After epidural
distribution was confirmed by the injection of iohexol into the coccygeal spinal canal,
0.3 ml/kg 0.5% bupivacaine or 0.3 ml/kg normal saline
was injected via the same needle. After the first attempt of iohexol injection, although
the contrast was found in the epidural space in all rabbits, the additional contrast was
also found in blood vessel in 3 rabbits and in muscular layer in 1 rabbit. Subarachnoid
distribution was not observed in any of the rabbits. The time taken to regain normal anal
reflex, movement of the hind limbs during walking, conscious proprioception of the hind
limbs, and pain sensation of the tail and left hind limb, following coccygeal spinal canal
injection, were significantly longer in the bupivacaine group than in the normal saline
group. These findings indicated that coccygeal epidural injection of bupivacaine in
rabbits may provide anesthesia for the hind limbs, perineum, and tail, but inadvertent
vascular entry of the epidural drug may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict H E Ong
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yuki Hidaka
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kaneko
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shushi Yamamoto
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shinya Mizutani
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sekiguchi
- Animal Infectious Disease and Prevention, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shidow Torisu
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Naganobu
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Hedenqvist P, Jensen-Waern M, Fahlman Å, Hagman R, Edner A. Intravenous sufentanil-midazolam versus sevoflurane anaesthesia in medetomidine pre-medicated Himalayan rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Vet Anaesth Analg 2014; 42:377-85. [PMID: 25041686 PMCID: PMC7185500 DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To compare physiological effects of sufentanil-midazolam with sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in medetomidine premedicated rabbits. Study design Prospective, randomized controlled experimental study. Animals Eighteen female Himalayan rabbits, weight 2.1 ± 0.1 kg. Methods Premedication with 0.1 mg kg−1 medetomidine and 5 mg kg−1 carprofen subcutaneously, was followed by intravenous anaesthetic induction with sufentanil (2.3 μg mL−1) and midazolam (0.45 mg mL−1). After endotracheal intubation, anaesthesia was maintained with sufentanil-midazolam (n = 9) or sevoflurane (n = 9). Ovariohysterectomy was performed. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation was performed as required. Physiological variables were studied perioperatively. Group means of physiologic data were generated for different anaesthetic periods. Data were compared for changes from sedation, and between groups by anova. Post-operatively, 0.05 mg kg−1 buprenorphine was administered once and 5 mg kg−1 carprofen once daily for 2–3 days. Rabbits were examined and weighed daily until one week after surgery. Results Smooth induction of anaesthesia was achieved within 5 minutes. Sufentanil and midazolam doses were 0.5 μg kg−1 and 0.1 mg kg−1, during induction and 3.9 μg kg−1 hour−1 and 0.8 mg kg−1 hour−1 during surgery, respectively. End-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 2.1% during surgery. Assisted ventilation was required in nine rabbits receiving sufentanil-midazolam and four receiving sevoflurane. There were no differences between groups in physiologic data other than arterial carbon dioxide. In rabbits receiving sevoflurane, mean arterial pressure decreased pre-surgical intervention, heart rate increased 25% during and after surgery and body weight decreased 4% post-operatively. Post-operative problems sometimes resulted from catheterization of the ear artery. Conclusion Sevoflurane and sufentanil-midazolam provided surgical anaesthesia of similar quality. Arterial blood pressure was sustained during sufentanil-midazolam anaesthesia and rabbits receiving sevoflurane lost body weight following ovariohysterectomy. Mechanical ventilation was required with both anaesthetic regimens. Clinical relevance Anaesthesia with sufentanil-midazolam in medetomidine premedicated healthy rabbits is useful in the clinical and the research setting, as an alternative to sevoflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Hedenqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marianne Jensen-Waern
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åsa Fahlman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ragnvi Hagman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Edner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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