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Madea B, Ruppel E, Prangenberg J, Krämer M, Doberentz E. Expression of heat shock proteins 27, 60, and 70 in amphetamine and cocaine associated deaths. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 329:111088. [PMID: 34773820 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The hearts of amphetamine and cocaine users demonstrate essentially the same microscopic features: hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, myocyte hypertrophy and intimal and medial hyperplasia. According to Karch (2016), some investigations suggest that amphetamines have properties that make users less likely to experience myocardial infarction than cocaine users. The exposure to amphetamine is associated with the production of heat shock proteins (HSP) whereas cocaine is not. Not all the HSP are present in normal living conditions of cells but their expression is increased when cells are exposed to stress, like heat, anoxemia, and ischemia. It has been known before that increased HSP production is a myocardial response in adaptation to cardiac ischemia and that the production of HSP might influence myocardial resistance to infarction. Furthermore, production of HSP is an explanation of the known ability of amphetamines to cause hyperthermia. The hypothesis of a cytoprotective function of HSP in amphetamine-associated deaths in comparison to cocaine-associated deaths and controls was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study group: 39 amphetamine-related fatal cases, 27 cocaine-associated deaths. CONTROL GROUP 42 cases with other causes of death. Immunohistochemical staining of HSP 27, HSP 60, and HSP 70 in heart, liver, and kidney. RESULTS 16 out of 39 (41.0%) amphetamine-related fatal cases showed a positive HSP expression, predominantly HSP 70 in myocardial tissue. In cocaine-associated deaths 15 out of 27 (55.5%) cases were positive, also mainly HSP 70. In the kidney in amphetamine-associated deaths 18 out of 39 (46.1%) cases were positive, in cocaine-associated deaths 21 out of 27 (77.7%) cases. The cocaine group showed significantly increased expression for HSP 27 and 70 in the liver and HSP 70 in the kidney compared to the control as well as amphetamine group. Furthermore, the cocaine group showed significantly increased expression for HSP 27 and 70 in the heart compared to the control but not the amphetamine group. CONCLUSION The hypothesis of Karch that in amphetamine-associated deaths a positive HSP expression has in contrast to cocaine-related deaths a cytoprotective function cannot be verified. Furthermore, cocaine and benzoylecgonine seem to independently lead to an increased expression of HSP 27 both in the liver and in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Madea
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine 12, D-53111 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Elvira Ruppel
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine 12, D-53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian Prangenberg
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine 12, D-53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Krämer
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine 12, D-53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Doberentz
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine 12, D-53111 Bonn, Germany
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Ghorayeb N, Stein R, Daher DJ, Silveira ADD, Ritt LEF, Santos DFPD, Sierra APR, Herdy AH, Araújo CGSD, Colombo CSSDS, Kopiler DA, Lacerda FFRD, Lazzoli JK, Matos LDNJD, Leitão MB, Francisco RC, Alô ROB, Timerman S, Carvalho TD, Garcia TG. The Brazilian Society of Cardiology and Brazilian Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine Updated Guidelines for Sports and Exercise Cardiology - 2019. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 112:326-368. [PMID: 30916199 PMCID: PMC6424031 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Ghorayeb
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina do Esporte da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Ricardo Stein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Vitta Centro de Bem Estar Físico, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Daniel Jogaib Daher
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Anderson Donelli da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Vitta Centro de Bem Estar Físico, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt
- Hospital Cárdio Pulmonar, Salvador, BA - Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA - Brazil
| | | | | | - Artur Haddad Herdy
- Instituto de Cardiologia de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
- Clínica Cardiosport de Prevenção e Reabilitação, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | | | - Cléa Simone Sabino de Souza Colombo
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Sports Cardiology, Cardiology Clinical Academic Group - St George's University of London,14 London - UK
| | - Daniel Arkader Kopiler
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
| | - Filipe Ferrari Ribeiro de Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - José Kawazoe Lazzoli
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Federação Internacional de Medicina do Esporte (FIMS), Lausanne - Switzerland
| | | | - Marcelo Bichels Leitão
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Ricardo Contesini Francisco
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Otávio Bougleux Alô
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital Geral de São Mateus, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Sérgio Timerman
- Instituto do Coração da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Laureate International Universities, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Tales de Carvalho
- Clínica Cardiosport de Prevenção e Reabilitação, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
- Departamento de Ergometria e Reabilitação Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DERC/SBC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | - Thiago Ghorayeb Garcia
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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Schröder AS, Andresen‐Streichert H, Anders S. Swollen Lips After a Night of Partying—An Allergic Reaction to Ecstasy? J Forensic Sci 2019; 64:1281-1282. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Sophie Schröder
- Department of Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf Butenfeld 34 22529 Hamburg Germany
| | - Hilke Andresen‐Streichert
- Department of Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf Butenfeld 34 22529 Hamburg Germany
- Institute of Legal Medicine Forensic Toxicology Faculty of Medicine University of Cologne Melatenguertel 60‐62 50823 Cologne Germany
| | - Sven Anders
- Department of Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf Butenfeld 34 22529 Hamburg Germany
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Papaseit E, Torrens M, Pérez-Mañá C, Muga R, Farré M. Key interindividual determinants in MDMA pharmacodynamics. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:183-195. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1424832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Papaseit
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol-IGTP, Badalona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - M. Torrens
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
- Drug Addiction Program, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions-INAD, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Pérez-Mañá
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol-IGTP, Badalona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - R. Muga
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol-IGTP, Badalona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - M. Farré
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol-IGTP, Badalona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
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