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Muñoz Bohorquez J, Channell Doig A, Goldring S, Campos E, Burton K, Delacey JL, McCoy LH, Sorenson C, Crist G, Terhune C, Kim J. Access Barriers, Trusted Channels, and Misconceptions About the COVID-19 Vaccine Among Rural Immigrant Farmworkers. HISPANIC HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL 2024:15404153241262050. [PMID: 38881300 DOI: 10.1177/15404153241262050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background: Although COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted immigrant agricultural workers, vaccination efforts have been challenging. Barriers to immunization include language, visa status, and access to medical care. Additionally, vaccine hesitancy, mistrust, and misinformation contributed to low uptake. Methods: A community needs assessment was conducted with immigrant agricultural workers (n = 9) and community stakeholders (n = 15) in rural areas of Maryland and Delaware. In-depth interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using template analysis. Results: The participants named trusted and untrusted sources, sources of misinformation, and barriers to accessing information and physical locations to receive the vaccine as reasons for not getting the vaccine. Trusted sources included known community leaders and television programs. Some barriers mentioned were fear of deportation, lack of paid time off, language barriers, and difficulty navigating the U.S. healthcare system. Discussion: There is a need for culturally-tailored programs that address misinformation and barriers and use community-based programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Muñoz Bohorquez
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Amara Channell Doig
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Goldring
- Cooperative Extension, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Esmeralda Campos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Kiarra Burton
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Lynne Delacey
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa H McCoy
- University of Maryland Extension, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Catherine Sorenson
- University of Maryland Extension, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Gina Crist
- Cooperative Extension, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Crystal Terhune
- University of Maryland Extension, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jinhee Kim
- University of Maryland Extension, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Hirschtick JL, Walsh JL, DiFranceisco W, Jacobs J, Hunt B, Valencia J, Quinn K. Trusted Sources of Information and COVID-19 Vaccination Among Black Adults in Chicago. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241240529. [PMID: 38516840 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241240529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine trust in sources of COVID-19 information and vaccination status. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Chicago, Illinois. SUBJECTS Convenience sample of 538 Black adults surveyed between September 2021 and March 2022. MEASURES Trust in sources of COVID-19 information, COVID-19 vaccination. ANALYSIS Using latent class analysis, we identified classes of trust in sources of COVID-19 information. We considered predictors of class membership using multinomial logistic regression and examined unadjusted and adjusted associations between trust class membership and COVID-19 vaccination while accounting for uncertainty in class assignment. RESULTS Our analytic sample (n = 522) was predominantly aged 18-34 (52%) and female (71%). Results suggested a four-class solution: (1) low trust, (2) high trust in all sources, (3) high trust in doctor and government, and (4) high trust in doctor, faith leader, and family. Unadjusted odds of vaccination were greater in the high trust in all sources (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.2), high trust in doctor and government (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4-5.3), and high trust in doctor, faith leader, and family classes (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2, 3.9) than the low trust class. However, these associations were not significant after adjustment for sociodemographic and health status factors. CONCLUSION Although COVID-19 vaccination varied across trust classes, our adjusted findings do not suggest a direct association between trust and vaccination, reflecting complexities in the vaccine decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana L Hirschtick
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Health, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer L Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Wayne DiFranceisco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Jacobs
- Sinai Health System, Sinai Urban Health Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bijou Hunt
- Sinai Health System, Sinai Urban Health Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jesus Valencia
- Sinai Health System, Sinai Urban Health Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine Quinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Jamison AM, Brewer J, Hamlin MD, Forr A, Roberts R, Carey A, Fugal A, Mankel ME, Tovar Y, Adams S, Shapcott K, Salmon D. The Be REAL Framework: Enhancing Relationship-Building Skills for Community Health Workers. Health Promot Pract 2024:15248399231218937. [PMID: 38189324 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231218937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Trust plays an integral part in the effective functioning of public health systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, distrust of public health fueled vaccine hesitancy and created additional barriers to immunization. Although most Americans have received at least one COVID-19 vaccine, the percentage of fully immunized adults remains suboptimal. To reach vaccine-hesitant communities, it is vital that public health be worthy of trust. As trusted members of their communities, community health workers (CHWs) can serve as ideal messengers and conversation partners for vaccination decision-making. We developed the Be REAL framework and training materials to prepare CHWs to work with vaccine-hesitant communities nationwide. Through the four steps of "Relate," "Explore," "Assist," and "Leave (the door open)," CHWs were taught to prioritize relationship building as a primary goal. In this shift from focusing on adherence to public health recommendations (e.g., get vaccinated) to building relationships, the value of vaccine uptake is secondary to the quality of the relationship being formed. The Be REAL framework facilitates CHWs harnessing the power they already possess. The goal of the Be REAL framework is to foster true partnership between CHWs and community members, which in turn can help increase trust in the broader public health system beyond adherence to a specific recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Jamison
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janesse Brewer
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Davis Hamlin
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Perdido, LLC, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Amanda Forr
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Perdido, LLC, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Robin Roberts
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Perdido, LLC, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Aleen Carey
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adriele Fugal
- Center for Global Education, Earlham College, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Salmon
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Vaccine Safety, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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