Association between Sleep Duration and Hand Grip Strength among COPD Patients

Sleep quality, frailty components and body composition of community-dwelling older adults: An exploratory study

BACKGROUND

Sleep patterns change with the aging process, resulting in an increased risk of sleep disorders. Sleep quality might be associated with body composition and has been associated with frailty. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association of sleep quality with frailty components and body compositions of community-dwelling elderly individuals.

METHODS

Observational and cross-sectional study conducted with ≥60 years of both sexes. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Self-reports of involuntary weight loss, handgrip strength (HGS), self-reported fatigue by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), gait speed (GS) and levels of physical activity were assessed. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, calf circumference (CC) and waist circumference (WC), and body composition was assessed.

RESULTS

A total of 141 participants (82% female; 69.5±6.4 years old) were studied. It was found 60% of poor sleep quality. The prevalence of frailty was 2%, and 38% of the participants were classified as prefrail. Positive moderate correlations between sleep quality and BMI, CC, WC, GS, fat mass, fat mass and depressive symptoms (p<0.05) were found. The logistic regression test revealed that HGS was positively associated with good sleep quality, while fat mass and depressive symptoms were negatively associated.

CONCLUSION

The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of poor sleep quality and a low prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Sleep was associated with strength, body composition and depressive symptoms in this population.

Sarcopenia and sleep in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

OBJECTIVE

To verify the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

METHODS

Individuals with COPD were cross-sectionally assessed for lung function (spirometry), sleep (both subjectively [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI] and objectively [Actiwatch sleep monitor]) and the presence of sarcopenia (handgrip strength by dynamometry). All tests were carried out in accordance with international standards.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine individuals with COPD were analyzed (16 women; 69 ± 7 years; BMI 27 ± 5 kg/m2; FEV1 59 ± 19% predicted). Upon division in groups according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia, individuals with sarcopenia (in comparison to those without sarcopenia) had shorter sleep time (81 [75-85] vs. 86 [81-90] %; p = 0.043), lower sleep efficiency (77 [69-83] vs. 85 [75-87] %; p = 0.038), longer time awake after sleep onset (92 [71-120] vs. 58 [47-83] minutes; p = 0.0012) and more marked sleep fragmentation, represented by a higher number of sleep blocks/night (46 [41-49] vs. 34 [26-48]; p = 0.018), higher number of awake blocks/night (45 [40-49] vs. 34 [26-48]; p = 0.018) and shorter duration of sleep blocks/night (9 [8-10] vs. 14 [8-58] minutes; p = 0.043). There was no statistical difference when comparing the PSQI variables between the groups. However, handgrip strength was negatively associated with PSQI components 2 [R= -0.51, p = 0.005] and 5 [R= -0.39, p = 0.037].

CONCLUSION

Individuals with COPD and sarcopenia (as measured by handgrip strength) have worse objectively measured sleep outcomes. This was not the case regarding a self-reported perception of worse sleep quality, although there was weak-to-moderate association between handgrip strength and subjective sleep.

Determinants of depressive symptom trajectories in self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

BACKGROUND

The depressive symptom trajectories of COPD individuals and its' predictors remain to be established. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the trajectories of depressive symptoms and predictors thereof in COPD patients.

METHODS

A total of 1286 individuals over 45 years of age with self-reported COPD were assessed. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale short form, with depressive symptom trajectories being identified via latent class growth analysis. The predictors of depressive symptom trajectories were then identified through multinomial logistic regression.

RESULTS

Finally, three depressive symptom trajectories were identified: "steadily high", "consistently moderate", and "consistently low". Old age, longer night-time sleep duration, and high BMI were found to be associated with individuals being classified under the "consistently moderate" trajectory. Moreover, participants exhibiting more than two chronic conditions were more likely to be classified under the "consistently moderate" trajectory. Higher education and lower hand grip strength were important predictors of individuals classified in the "steadily high" trajectory.

CONCLUSIONS

To conclude, three depressive symptom trajectories were identified in self-reported COPD individuals. To ensure timely intervention aimed at preventing the worsening of depressive symptom progression among COPD individuals, health-care workers should regular analyze depressive symptoms and provide appropriate interventions when possible.