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Nam DW, Kang DW, Lee SM, Park MK, Lee JH, Oh SH, Suh MW, Lee SY. Molecular Genetic Etiology and Revisiting the Middle Ear Surgery Outcomes of Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome: Experience in a Tertiary Referral Center. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:e319-e327. [PMID: 37167448 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the phenotypes and genotypes of patients with branchio-oto-renal (BOR) and branchio-otic (BO) syndrome, and to analyze the middle ear surgery outcomes qualitatively and quantitatively, proposing a factor usefully prognostic of surgical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Eighteen patients with BOR/BO syndrome in 12 unrelated Korean families. INTERVENTION Middle ear surgery, including either stapes surgery or ossicular reconstruction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Clinical phenotypes, genotypes, and middle ear surgery outcomes. RESULTS Eight probands (66.7%) were confirmed genetically; the condition segregated as a dominant or de novo trait. Six EYA1 heterozygous variants were identified by exome sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. All variants were pathogenic or likely pathogenic based on the ACMG/AMP guidelines. Two novel EYA1 frameshift variants (p.His373Phefs*4 and p.Gln543Asnfs*90) truncating a highly conserved C-terminal Eya domain were identified, expanding the genotypic spectrum of EYA1 in BOR/BO syndrome. Remarkably, middle ear surgery was individualized to ensure optimal audiological outcomes and afforded significant audiological improvements, especially in BOR/BO patients without enlarged vestibular aqueducts (EVAs). A significant difference in air-bone gap closure after middle ear surgery was noted between the two groups even after adjusting for confounders: -20.5 dB in ears without EVAs (improvement) but 0.8 dB in ears with EVAs (no change or deterioration). Furthermore, the success rate was significantly associated with the absence of EVA. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study were against the notion that middle ear surgery is always contraindicated in patients with BOR/BO syndrome, and an EVA could be a negative prognostic indicator of middle ear surgery in BOR/BO patients. This may aid to determine the strategy of audiological rehabilitation in patients with BOR/BO syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woong Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rodgers B, Lin J, Staecker H. Transmastoid resurfacing versus middle fossa plugging for repair of superior canal dehiscence: Comparison of techniques from a retrospective cohort. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 2:161-167. [PMID: 29204562 PMCID: PMC5698534 DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare and contrast our experience with middle cranial fossa approach (MFR) and transmastoid approach with capping of the dehiscence (TMR) of superior semicircular canal dehiscence and to determine guidelines to help guide management of these patients. METHODS All patients from 2005 to 2014 with symptomatic superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome with dehiscence demonstrated on CT scan of the temporal bone who underwent surgical repair and had a minimum 3 months of follow up. Surgical repair via the MFR or TMR, preoperative CT temporal bone, preoperative, and postoperative cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) testing and anterior canal video head thrust testing (vHIT). Success of repair was stratified as complete success, moderate success, mild success, or failure based on resolution of all symptoms, the chief complaint, some symptoms, or no improvement, respectively. RESULTS A total of 29 ears in 27 patients underwent surgical repair of canal dehiscence. Complete or moderate success was seen in 71% of the MFR group compared to 80% of the TMR group. There were zero failures with the MFR group and no major intracranial complications. There were 2 failures out of 15 ears that underwent the TMR. Residual symptoms were most commonly vertigo or disequilibrium in the MFR and aural fullness or autophony in the TMR groups, respectively. MFR hospital stay was approximately 2 days longer. Average cVEMP threshold shifted 18 dB with surgical correction in the MFR group. A 29 dB average shift was seen in the TMR group. The MFR group had a significant reduction in their anterior canal gain compared to the TMR group. CONCLUSIONS TMR is a less invasive alternative to MFR. However, in our series, we have not seen any intracranial complications (aphasia, stroke, seizures, etc.) in our MFR patients. Interestingly, vestibular symptoms were better addressed than audiological symptoms by the TMR suggesting its usefulness as a less invasive option for patients with primarily vestibular complaints. Residual auditory symptoms in TMR patients may be due to the flow of acoustic energy from the superior canal to the mastoid cavity through an incompletely sealed third window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Rodgers
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, MI 48334, USA
| | - Jim Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, KS 66061, USA
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, KS 66061, USA
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Hong RS, Metz CM, Bojrab DI, Babu SC, Zappia J, Sargent EW, Chan EY, Naumann IC, LaRouere MJ. Acoustic Reflex Screening of Conductive Hearing Loss for Third Window Disorders. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 154:343-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599815620162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study examines the effectiveness of acoustic reflexes in screening for third window disorders (eg, superior semicircular canal dehiscence) prior to middle ear exploration for conductive hearing loss. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Outpatient tertiary otology center. Subjects and Methods A review was performed of 212 ears with acoustic reflexes, performed as part of the evaluation of conductive hearing loss in patients without evidence of chronic otitis media. The etiology of hearing loss was determined from intraoperative findings and computed tomography imaging. The relationship between acoustic reflexes and conductive hearing loss etiology was assessed. Results Eighty-eight percent of ears (166 of 189) demonstrating absence of all acoustic reflexes had an ossicular etiology of conductive hearing loss. Fifty-two percent of ears (12 of 23) with at least 1 detectable acoustic reflex had a nonossicular etiology. The positive and negative predictive values for an ossicular etiology were 89% and 57% when acoustic reflexes were used alone for screening, 89% and 39% when third window symptoms were used alone, and 94% and 71% when reflexes and symptoms were used together, respectively. Conclusion Acoustic reflex testing is an effective means of screening for third window disorders in patients with a conductive hearing loss. Questioning for third window symptoms should complement screening. The detection of even 1 acoustic reflex or third window symptom (regardless of reflex status) should prompt further workup prior to middle ear exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Hong
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher M. Metz
- Osteopathic Division, St John Providence Health System, Madison Heights, Michigan, USA
| | - Dennis I. Bojrab
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Seilesh C. Babu
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - John Zappia
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric W. Sargent
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Eleanor Y. Chan
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Ilka C. Naumann
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael J. LaRouere
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Neurotology Division, St John Providence Health System, Novi, Michigan, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA
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Song MH, Kwon TJ, Kim HR, Jeon JH, Baek JI, Lee WS, Kim UK, Choi JY. Mutational analysis of EYA1, SIX1 and SIX5 genes and strategies for management of hearing loss in patients with BOR/BO syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67236. [PMID: 23840632 PMCID: PMC3696009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Branchio-oto-renal (BOR) or branchio-otic (BO) syndrome is one of the most common forms of autosomal dominant syndromic hearing loss. Mutations in EYA1, SIX1 and SIX5 genes have been associated with BOR syndrome. In this study, clinical and genetic analyses were performed in patients with BOR/BO syndrome focusing on auditory manifestations and rehabilitation. METHODS The audiologic manifestations were reviewed in 10 patients with BOR/BO syndrome. The operative findings and hearing outcome were analyzed in patients who underwent middle ear surgeries. The modality and outcome of auditory rehabilitation were evaluated. Genetic analysis was performed for EYA1, SIX1, and SIX5 genes. RESULTS All patients presented with mixed hearing loss. Five patients underwent middle ear surgeries without successful hearing gain. Cochlear implantation performed in two patients resulted in significant hearing improvement. Genetic analysis revealed four novel EYA1 mutations and a large deletion encompassing the EYA1 gene. CONCLUSIONS Auditory rehabilitation in BOR/BO syndrome should be individually tailored keeping in mind the high failure rate after middle ear surgeries. Successful outcome can be expected with cochlear implantations in patients with BOR/BO syndrome who cannot benefit from hearing aids. The novel EYA1 mutations may add to the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of BOR syndrome in the East Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Hyun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jun Kwon
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hui Ram Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jeong-In Baek
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Sang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Un-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- * E-mail: (JYC); (U-KK)
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (JYC); (U-KK)
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