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Hasani‐Moghadam S, Vedadhir AA, Alijani F, Azizi M, Khani S. Meaning and lived experience of Iranian COVID-19 survivors: A phenomenological study. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3359. [PMID: 38376053 PMCID: PMC10761327 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus (COVID-19) is among the most contagious diseases worldwide. During the first peak of the illness, COVID-19 was considered a considerable crisis for survivors. This qualitative study explored the meaning and lived experience of Iranian COVID-19 survivors. This qualitative study was conducted in Iran sometime after the onset of the coronavirus in 2020. METHODS This interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was performed on twenty survivors of COVID-19 disease, recruited through the purposeful sampling method via in-depth semistructured interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, and several codes were extracted. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software (v. 12). RESULTS The main themes and subthemes obtained from the data analysis included (1) Taboo and stigma: COVID-19 as a monster, feelings of social exclusion and loneliness, an obvious sign of shamelessness and maltreatment, (2) God's predestination: God's will and test, COVID-19 as a wake-up call to remind low human power, (3) Shadow of death: The fear of death after positive test results, death is closer than the jugular vein, the mourning of a loved one's death, and mourning for an untimely death, (4) Caregivers as an angel: Family as an unrepentant supportive, know the level of family love and attention, and (5) Rebirth and new life: understand the higher value of health and pay more attention to self-care behavior, and God gives us a golden chance to experience a better life. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, COVID-19 survivors experience various issues regarding the nature of the disease, coping with the illness, and their social and psychological status affected by COVID-19. Considering the multidimensional supportive programs, increasing public awareness and changing negative attitudes toward the patients and survivors of the pandemic for better rehabilitation and adjustment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Hasani‐Moghadam
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery SchoolMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Abou Ali Vedadhir
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of AnthropologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Alijani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Nasibeh Nursing and Midwifery SchoolMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Marzieh Azizi
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Soghra Khani
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research CenterMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
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Torun S, Bulmuş E, Bilgin O. Evaluation of experiences of the patients discharged from the COVID-19 intensive care unit: a qualitative research. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19577. [PMID: 37949955 PMCID: PMC10638398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Making arrangements by learning how intensive care patients feel due to a disease called as fatal worldwide can make it easier for patients to cope with the disease. For this reason, it is important for healthcare professionals to understand the patients who have been infected and discharged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The experiences of the patients may affect the perspective of the disease and cause different changes in the perception of it. This study, which was conducted based on this idea, aimed to examine the intensive care experiences of patients discharged from the COVID-19 intensive care unit. This study used a phenomenological qualitative approach. A semi-structured interview form was used to interview 23 patients discharged from the COVID-19 intensive care unit. The findings were reported on the basis of consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. In line with the data obtained from the interviews, five main themes and eight subthemes were created. The main themes were classified as emotional expressions (positive/negative) related to intensive care experience, coping methods, analogies (for COVID-19 and nurses) and attitudes towards the care provided (respiration, nutrition, excretion and privacy, sleep, communication). In this study, the participants experienced negative emotions such as fear of death/anxiety, sadness, loneliness, and helplessness during their intensive care experiences. Most of them stated that they tried to cope with prayer and communication. The participants compared COVID-19with deadly and respiratory-inhibiting tools and diseases. They expressed difficulties in breathing, nutrition, excretion and privacy, sleep and communication related to the care provided. In this process, they made positive analogies for the nurses who spent the most time with them, such as angels and family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Torun
- Department of Nursing Administration, Health Science Faculty, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Esra Bulmuş
- Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Osman Bilgin
- Department of Nursing Administration, Health Science Faculty, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
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Firouzkouhi M, Kako M, Abdollahimohammad A, Nouraei M, Azizi N, Mohammadi M. Lived Experiences of the Patients with COVID-19: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology. J Caring Sci 2023; 12:57-63. [PMID: 37124411 PMCID: PMC10131167 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2023.30642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a considerable challenge for infected patients who require more attention for recovery. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the lived experience of patients with COVID-19. Methods: This qualitative, hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted in the southeast of Iran from March to May 2020. The data were purposefully collected from 16 patients with COVID-19. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured telephone interviews and analyzed using the Van Manen method. Results: The lived experiences of patients were categorized into five themes, including incredible clinical symptoms of COVID-19, horror and stigma, bad memories of hospitalization, trust in God and hope as recovery agents from COVID-19, and reborn after recovery from COVID-19. Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 have experienced variety of physical and psychosocial challenges. Health care providers have to supply appropriate strategies to fulfill the infected patients needs in such a crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Firouzkouhi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mayumi Kako
- School of Medicine Graduate, School of Medical, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- *Corresponding Author: Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad,
| | - Morteza Nouraei
- Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Najmeh Azizi
- Department of Nursing, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Zabol Pre-hospital Emergency Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Eqylan SB, Safadi RR, Swigart V. The Lived Experience of Critically-Ill Muslim Patients in Isolation. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2032548. [PMID: 35133254 PMCID: PMC8925921 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2032548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study explored critically ill Muslim patients’ experiences and perceptions related to confinement to isolation rooms. Methods The descriptive–interpretive lens of phenomenology was employed to explore and illuminate the isolation experience of critically ill Muslim patients). Semi-structured, face-to-face, audiotaped interviews were conducted . Colaizzi’s method of data analysis, in combination with an interpretive analysis supported by van Manen’s “lifeworld constituents” were used. Results Data analysis revealed four themes: Feeling isolated and imprisoned; losing basic patients’ rights; feeling rejected by healthcare providers; and accepting isolation and its adversity. Findings were illuminated by applying van Manen’s lifeworld constituents: spatiality, temporality, relationality and corporeality. The patients described the overwhelming impact of isolation on their physical, emotional, social and spiritual health. Conclusions This study provides healthcare providers with an in-depth understanding of critically ill patients’ physical, psychological and spiritual needs. Although the unique needs of Muslim patients are highlighted, it is evident that patients’ suffering in isolation is universal. Healthcare providers are encouraged to consider creative measures to support and help patients cope with the adversity of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondos B. Eqylan
- Clinical Nurse Specialist, Al-Hussein Salt New Hospital, Salt, Jordan
| | - Reema R Safadi
- Maternity and Child Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Valerie Swigart
- Professor, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Piras I, Piazza MF, Piccolo C, Azara A, Piana A, Finco G, Galletta M. Experiences, Emotions, and Health Consequences among COVID-19 Survivors after Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106263. [PMID: 35627801 PMCID: PMC9141708 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Literature suggested that COVID-19 patients experienced hospitalization as a physically and psychologically stressful event, with the risk to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms. The study aimed to understand psychological experiences of COVID-19 survivors with severe complications during and after ICU hospitalization, and any relevant health consequences. From October 2020 to January 2021, a qualitative study was conducted in Italy via semi-structured interviews by phone or video call addressed to COVID-19 survivors, randomly enrolled among people who released their stories publicly on newspapers, television, or social media. Fifteen individuals (three women and twelve men with average age of 56.4 years) were interviewed. Four main themes emerged: (i) emotion of fear; (ii) isolation and loneliness; (iii) unawareness about the gravity of the situation as a protective factor; (iv) “Long COVID” as consequences of the disease on physical and psychological health. During hospitalization, 66.7% of participants had mild or moderate values of anxiety and depression. After discharge, 86.7% moved to normal values. The results suggest that long-COVID is an important problem to manage to improve patients’ quality of life. It is essential to guarantee a holistic take in charge starting before the discharge and continuing care after discharge in the community where they live.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, PhD School in Biomedical Sciences (Public Health), University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Emergency Department SS. Trinità Hospital, ASL Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-079228638
| | | | - Cristina Piccolo
- Intensive Care Unit SS. Trinità Hospital, ASL Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Azara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Gabriele Finco
- Intensive Care Unit Policlinico Universitario, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Maura Galletta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
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Compton P, St Marie B. Coexisting Substance Use Disorder and Chronic Pain During COVID-19. Pain Manag Nurs 2022; 23:17-25. [PMID: 34620549 PMCID: PMC8418911 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Compton
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-4217.
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Bhandari S, Khakha DC, Kumar TKA, Verma R. "I might catch this infection again and this time I will not survive" - A qualitative study on lived-in experiences and coping strategies of COVID-19-positive individuals in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:560-567. [PMID: 35136253 PMCID: PMC8793715 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_196_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical picture of COVID-19 is as complex as it is psychosocial impact. The sheer subjectivity of the illness experience demands that each individual affected be heard and noticed. AIMS To assess lived-in experiences and coping strategies of COVID-19 positive individuals. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The study was conducted at designated COVID care center of a tertiary care hospital using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Interviews were collected from 13 COVID-19-positive individuals using an open-ended interview guide and were recorded, transcribed and further analyzed. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Analysis was done using Smith's Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. Themes and sub-themes were extracted and thematic schema was developed. RESULTS A total of 10 themes and 36 sub-themes were identified. The themes extracted with context to before being diagnosed with COVID-19 positive are impact of COVID-19 and preconception about hospitalization and hospitalized individuals. The themes with relation to active COVID-19 infection are psychological reactions, behavioral responses, positive experiences, negative experiences, stigma, coping strategies, and perceived needs. The theme re-adjustment with life was identified for postrecovery from COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19-positive individuals have myriad of experiences from their transition of being positive to finally being free of infection. Their experience with the illness sheds light on the gray areas like stigma that demand immediate attention. Future policies need to be developed in accordance with the identified perceived needs to potentially guide the satisfaction and recovery of COVID-19-positive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunidhi Bhandari
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Cecil Khakha
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T. K. Ajesh Kumar
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Verma
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kar R, Dolai TK, Shekhawat PS, Malhotra P, Singh A, Naithani R, Mandal PK, Ganesan P, Manivannan P, Basu D, Srivastava A, Das R, Bhattacharya M, Mahapatra M, Dhawan R, Jain A, Bhandary C, Pati HP, Chatterjee T, Tilak V, Chandra S, Shetty SD, Jena RK. Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion (ISHBT) Consensus Document on Hematological Practice During COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 37:1-9. [PMID: 33613003 PMCID: PMC7885311 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health emergency with widespread impact on health care delivery. Unforeseen challenges have been noted during administration of usual haematology care in these unusual COVID-19 times. Medical services have been overstretched and frontline health workers have borne the brunt of COVID-19 pandemic. Movement restrictions during lockdown prevented large sections of population from accessing health care, blood banks from holding blood drives, and disrupted delivery of diagnostic hematology services. The disruption in hematology care due to COVID-19 pandemic in India has been disproportionately higher compared to other subspecialities as hematology practice in India remains restricted to major cities. In this review we chronicle the challenges encountered in caring for hematology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in India and put forth recommendations for minimizing their impact on provision of hematology care with special emphasis on hematology practice in lower and middle income countries (LMICs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee Kar
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Tuphan Kanti Dolai
- Haematology Department, NRS Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | | | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Prabhu Manivannan
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Debdatta Basu
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Reena Das
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Rishi Dhawan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arihant Jain
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Chandni Bhandary
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Vijai Tilak
- Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, India
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