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Ramael M, Van Steelandt H, Puls T, Ramael M. Very rare tumour of the palatine tonsil: a molecular approach. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e255864. [PMID: 38216164 PMCID: PMC10806938 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid cancer (MEC) is extremely rare in the palatine tonsil with only three adequately described cases in the literature.We describe a woman in her late 70s with vague pharyngeal discomfort who underwent tonsillectomy, lymph node dissection of the neck and radiotherapy for MEC with loco-regional lymph node metastasis of the palatine tonsil. To confirm this extremely rare diagnosis and to gain deeper insight in the molecular oncogenesis, an extensive molecular study including next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry was performed. Immunoreactivity for p16 protein and real-time PCR showed high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus 16 DNA and mutations in the BRAF, BARD and DNMT3A genes. Tumour mutational burden was low. After a follow-up of 7 years the patient is still alive and well without any residual or disseminated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Ramael
- University of Antwerp Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Tony Puls
- General Hospital AZ Herentals, Herentals, Belgium
- Private Practice, Hikstraat 33, Herentals, Belgium
| | - Marc Ramael
- University of Antwerp Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wilrijk, Belgium
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2
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Ross T, Malik A, Awad Z. Oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma in the palatine tonsil: successful resection using trans-oral robotic surgery. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/12/e235768. [PMID: 33318261 PMCID: PMC7737078 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A man in his mid 70s was referred to head and neck outpatients with bulky tissue in the left tonsillar fossa. He had previously been treated for oligometastatic renal clear cell carcinoma (diagnosed over 15 years prior to disease recurrence) by tonsillectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy (years from primary treatment), followed by trans-oral laser surgery to his oropharyngeal recurrence 3 years later. Examination under anaesthetic and biopsy confirmed further recurrence of disease in the left tonsillar fossa, with parapharyngeal extension, which has not been previously reported in the literature. After discussion in the head and neck and urology multi-disciplinary teams meeting, the patient was offered trans-oral robotic-assisted surgery (TORS) for local control and prevention of progression of a fungating oropharyngeal mass. TORS partial pharyngectomy and left buccal artery myomucosal flap reconstruction were successfully carried out, with preservation of some swallow function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talisa Ross
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Akshat Malik
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Zaid Awad
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
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3
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Ellis SD, Meikle A, Al-Salti W, Sinclair G. Rare case of clear cell renal cell carcinoma presenting as a unilateral tonsil lesion. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/12/e237941. [PMID: 33303501 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-237941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 70-year-old man presented with gradually worsening throat discomfort. He had no prior diagnosis of cancer and no travel history of note. Examination revealed a right-sided painless neck lump. He underwent an MRI of the neck, revealing a gadolinium-enhancing tonsillar mass and two brain lesions. Biopsy of the tonsil lesion was in keeping with an epithelial neoplasm, suggesting metastatic renal cell carcinoma. This was confirmed following a staging CT, which revealed a left renal mass and lung metastases. Due to his brain metastases, the patient has been started on the tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib. A brief discussion on the diagnostic evaluation of a tonsil mass as a rare presentation of renal cell cancer follows this report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison Meikle
- Oncology, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, UK
| | | | - Georges Sinclair
- Oncology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK .,Neurosurgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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Huang YJ, Chen CT, Hsieh YW, Wu SH. Rectal Cancer With Synchronous Tonsillar Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2020; 101:NP351-NP353. [PMID: 33167683 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320971928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer globally and nearly one fourth of distant metastases are found at the time of the primary diagnosis. Synchronous metastasis of colorectal cancer to the palatine tonsil is rare. To date, only 5 cases have been published in the English literature. In such cases, the prognosis is worse than in other common metastatic sites. Herein, we report a case of rectal adenocarcinoma who presented with a tonsillar mass initially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Jung Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 40293Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Chih-Tien Chen
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, 40293Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Yao-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 40293Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Shang-Heng Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 40293Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung.,Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Asia University, Taichung
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5
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Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Palatine Tonsil. Case Rep Oncol Med 2015; 2015:827560. [PMID: 26550506 PMCID: PMC4624925 DOI: 10.1155/2015/827560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common primary salivary gland malignancy in both adults and children. It has a slight female predilection and usually presents as a painless, rubber-like or soft mass, which may be fixed or mobile. Histologically, MEC is comprised of a mixture of cell types including mucous, epidermoid, and intermediate cells that can be arranged in solid nests or cystic structures. In the oral cavity, it most frequently occurs at the palate or buccal mucosa. The present paper aimed to describe an unusual case of MEC arising in the palatine tonsil.
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6
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Tonyali O, Sumbul AT, Ozturk MA, Koyuncuer A, Ekiz F. A case of rectal adenocarcinoma presented with palatine tonsil metastasis. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2014; 22:341-3. [PMID: 25538162 DOI: 10.1177/1078155214565124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The most common metastatic sites of colorectal cancer are liver, lung, peritoneum and lymph nodes. Metastasis of colorectal carcinoma to palatine tonsil is rarely seen. To our knowledge, only 11 patients were documented in English literature. Atypical metastases can sometimes lead to misdiagnosis. Precise diagnosis of atypical metastases requires a careful physical examination, good imaging method and comprehensive pathological evaluation. Here, we report a case of rectal adenocarcinoma presented with palatine tonsil metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onder Tonyali
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Taner Sumbul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ozturk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hatay Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ali Koyuncuer
- Department of Pathology, Hatay Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Fuat Ekiz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hatay Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey
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7
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Suojanen J, Färkkilä E, Helkamaa T, Loimu V, Törnwall J, Lindqvist C, Hagström J, Mesimäki K. Rapidly growing and ulcerating metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2175-2178. [PMID: 25289097 PMCID: PMC4186528 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a tendency to metastasize at an early stage, therefore, the patients frequently exhibit metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Common locations for the metastases are adjacent organs and abdominal lymph nodes; however, occasionally metastasis to the peripheral organs may be the initial clinical symptom. The 71-year-old male patient in the current case suffered from radioresistant and aggressively behaving RCC metastasis in the mandible and lower lip, which was successfully managed by surgical resection. RCC metastasis to the facial area is considered to be uncommon based on a review of the existing literature. RCC are somewhat radioresistant and therefore, palliative surgery must be considered when treating patients with this metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Suojanen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Esa Färkkilä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Tessa Helkamaa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Venla Loimu
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Jyrki Törnwall
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Christian Lindqvist
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- The Haartman Institute, Department of Pathology and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Karri Mesimäki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
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8
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Marcotullio D, Iannella G, Macri GF, Marinelli C, Zelli M, Magliulo G. Renal clear cell carcinoma and tonsil metastasis. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2013; 2013:315157. [PMID: 24455373 PMCID: PMC3877590 DOI: 10.1155/2013/315157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common renal tumor in adults. Clear cell carcinoma represents 85% of all histological subtypes. In February 2012 a 72-year-old woman came to our department due to the appearance of massive hemoptysis and pharyngodinia. Previously, this patient was diagnosed with a renal cell carcinoma treated with left nephrectomy. We observed an exophytic, grayish, and ulcerated mass in the left tonsillar lodge and decided to subject the patient to an immediate tonsillectomy. Postoperative histology showed nests of cells with highly hyperchromatic nuclei and clear cytoplasm. These features enabled us to make the diagnosis of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis. Only few authors described metastasis of renal cell carcinoma in this specific site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Marcotullio
- Organi di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gian Franco Macri
- Organi di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Marinelli
- Organi di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Melissa Zelli
- Otolaryngology Department, University of L' Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Magliulo
- Organi di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00165 Rome, Italy
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9
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Chen XH, Bao YY, Zhou SH, Wang QY, Zhao K. Palatine Tonsillar Metastasis of Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma from the Lung Detected by FDG-PET/CT After Tonsillectomy: A Case Report. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2013; 10:148-51. [PMID: 24348600 PMCID: PMC3857977 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.9281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis from a malignant tumor to the palatine tonsils is rare, accounting for only 0.8% of all tonsillar tumors, with only 100 cases reported in the English-language literature. Various malignant lung carcinomas may metastasize to the tonsils. A few cases of tonsillar metastasis from neuroendocrine lung carcinoma have been reported. A 67-year-old female underwent a right tonsillectomy because of a sore throat and an enlarged right tonsil. The postoperative pathology showed right tonsillar small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC). Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) demonstrated metabolic activity in the lower lobe of the right lung. In addition, hypermetabolic foci were noted in the lymph nodes of the right neck and mediastinum. A needle biopsy of the pulmonary mass showed SCNC. The patient received chemotherapy and died of multiple distant metastases after 6 months. This is the first report using PET/CT to evaluate tonsillar metastasis from lung SCNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-Yang Bao
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Corresponding author: Shui-Hong Zhou, Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Tel.: +86-13868060120, Fax: +86-57187236895, E-mail:
| | - Qin-Ying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Center of PET, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Atypical presentations and rare metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma: a review of case reports. J Med Case Rep 2011; 5:429. [PMID: 21888643 PMCID: PMC3177931 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-5-429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is a potentially lethal cancer with aggressive behavior and a propensity for metastatic spread. Due to the fact that the patterns of metastases from renal cell carcinomas are not clearly defined, there have been several reports of cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with rare metastatic sites and atypical presenting symptoms. The present review focuses on these atypical rare clinical presentations of renal cell carcinomas both at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor but also in the years after radical nephrectomy.
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11
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Vashi PG, Abboud E, Gupta D. Renal cell carcinoma with unusual metastasis to the small intestine manifesting as extensive polyposis: successful management with intraoperative therapeutic endoscopy. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2011; 5:471-8. [PMID: 21960951 PMCID: PMC3180665 DOI: 10.1159/000331136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here a rare clinical case of a 53-year-old gentleman with metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the small intestine presenting with extensive polyposis and massive gastrointestinal bleeding which was successfully managed with intraoperative endoscopic polypectomy and segmental small bowel resection. The patient presented with melena 2 weeks after right nephrectomy for RCC. Capsule endoscopy found extensive polyposis throughout the small bowel, and the histological features confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic RCC. The patient eventually underwent laparotomy with intraoperative endoscopy of the entire small bowel. Most of the polyps were removed by snare polypectomy. Three segments of the small bowel with extensive transmural involvement had to be resected with primary anastomosis. In the 2 months following his surgery, the patient had no further evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding. The decision of meticulously removing close to 100 polyps by intraoperative endoscopy prevented the patient from requiring total small bowel resection and lifelong dependence on parenteral nutrition. In conclusion, gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with known RCC should always trigger full gastrointestinal work-up including capsule endoscopy and, if necessary, double balloon enteroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj G Vashi
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America® at Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Ill., USA
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12
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Courville EL, Lew M, Sadow PM. Routine Evaluation of Adult Tonsillectomy Specimens. Int J Surg Pathol 2011; 19:469-75. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896911402069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tonsil excision is a common surgery for both children and adults. Prior studies have consistently shown that the rate of malignancy in tonsil specimens is low and that the possibility of true, occult malignancy is remote. Practice trends accept triage of pediatric tonsillectomies for exemption or gross exam only. However, for adults, despite a low malignancy rate, routine histological evaluation of tonsillectomy specimens is standard of care at most health care facilities. The authors performed a retrospective review of all tonsil specimens received in their department over 45 months with categorization of pathological diagnosis and surgical indication. Of 1746 adult tonsillectomy specimens removed during this time, there were no incidental/occult malignancies. These data indicate that gross examination of adult tonsillectomy specimens excised for chronic tonsillitis or sleep apnea is sound practice, and this, taken together with other published data, provides a basis for consensus-derived practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madelyn Lew
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter M. Sadow
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Hassona Y, Hughes C, Prime SS. Metastatic tumours of the tongue. Oral Oncol 2011; 47:308-11. [PMID: 21354854 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Renal cell carcinoma presenting with cutaneous metastasis: a case report. Case Rep Med 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20811607 PMCID: PMC2929522 DOI: 10.1155/2010/913734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common kidney tumor in adults. Cutaneous metastasis is a rare first symptom of the disease. This paper describes the diagnosis of a renal cell carcinoma that was indicated by cutaneous metastasis in the head and neck region, and considers the etiopathogenesis of such cases. A careful skin examination is important to detect cutaneous metastasis associated with renal cell carcinomas. Metastatic skin lesions in the head and neck region must be taken into consideration during a differential diagnosis.
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