Nyman SR, Victor CR. Older people's participation in and engagement with falls prevention interventions in community settings: an augment to the Cochrane systematic review.
Age Ageing 2012;
41:16-23. [PMID:
21875865 DOI:
10.1093/ageing/afr103]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of fall prevention conducted in community settings have recently been systematically reviewed.
OBJECTIVE
To augment this review by analysing older people's participation in the trials and engagement with the interventions.
DESIGN
Review of the 99 single and multifactorial RCTs included in the Cochrane systematic review of falls prevention interventions.
SETTING
Community.
PARTICIPANTS
Adults aged 60+/mean age minus one standard deviation of 60+.
METHODS
Calculated aggregate data on recruitment (proportion who accepted the invitation to participate), attrition at 12 month follow-up (loss of participants), adherence (to intervention protocol) and whether adherence moderated the effect of interventions on trial outcomes.
RESULTS
The median recruitment rate was 70.7% (64.2-81.7%, n = 78). At 12 months the median attrition rate including mortality was 10.9% (9.1-16.0%, n = 44). Adherence rates (n = 69) were ≥80% for vitamin D/calcium supplementation; ≥70% for walking and class-based exercise; 52% for individually targeted exercise; approximately 60-70% for fluid/nutrition therapy and interventions to increase knowledge; 58-59% for home modifications; but there was no improvement for medication review/withdrawal of certain drugs. Adherence to multifactorial interventions was generally ≥75% but ranged 28-95% for individual components. The 13 studies that tested for whether adherence moderated treatment effectiveness produced mixed results.
CONCLUSIONS
Using median rates for recruitment (70%), attrition (10%) and adherence (80%), we estimate that, at 12 months, on average half of community-dwelling older people are likely to be adhering to falls prevention interventions in clinical trials.
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