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Soleymani S, Naghib SM. 3D and 4D printing hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19363. [PMID: 37662765 PMCID: PMC10474476 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The osseous tissue can be classified as a nanocomposite that encompasses a complex interweaving of organic and inorganic matrices. This intricate amalgamation consists of a collagen component and a mineral phase that are intricately arranged to form elaborate and perforated configurations. Hydroxyapatite, whether synthesized artificially or obtained from natural sources, has garnered considerable attention as a composite material in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its striking resemblance to bone in terms of structure and characteristics. Hydroxyapatite (HA) constitutes the predominant ceramic biomaterial for biomedical applications due to its ability to replicate the mineral composition of vertebrate bone. Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that the present biomimetic substance exhibits unfavorable mechanical characteristics, characterized by insufficient tensile and compressive strength, thus rendering it unsuitable for effective employment in the field of bone tissue engineering. Due to its beneficial attributes, hydroxyapatite (HA) is frequently employed in conjunction with various polymers and crosslinkers as composites to enhance mechanical properties and overall efficacy of implantable biomaterials engineered. The restoration of skeletal defects through the use of customized replacements is an effective way to replace damaged or lost bone structures. This method not only restores the bones' original functions but also reinstates their initial aesthetic appearance. The utilization of hydroxyapatite-polymer composites within 3D-printed grafts necessitates meticulous optimization of both mechanical and biological properties, in order to ensure their suitability for employment in medical devices. The utilization of 3D-printing technology represents an innovative approach in the manufacturing of HA-based scaffolds, which offers advantageous prospects for personalized bone regeneration. The expeditious prototyping method, with emphasis on the application of 3D printing, presents a viable approach in the development of bespoke prosthetic implants, grounded on healthcare data sets. 4D printing approach is an evolved form of 3D printing that utilizes programmable materials capable of altering the intended shape of printed structures, contingent upon single or dual stimulating factors. These factors include aspects such as pH level, temperature, humidity, crosslinking degree, and leaching factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Soleymani
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
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Ielo I, Calabrese G, De Luca G, Conoci S. Recent Advances in Hydroxyapatite-Based Biocomposites for Bone Tissue Regeneration in Orthopedics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179721. [PMID: 36077119 PMCID: PMC9456225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue is a nanocomposite consisting of an organic and inorganic matrix, in which the collagen component and the mineral phase are organized into complex and porous structures. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the most used ceramic biomaterial since it mimics the mineral composition of the bone in vertebrates. However, this biomimetic material has poor mechanical properties, such as low tensile and compressive strength, which make it not suitable for bone tissue engineering (BTE). For this reason, HA is often used in combination with different polymers and crosslinkers in the form of composites to improve their mechanical properties and the overall performance of the implantable biomaterials developed for orthopedic applications. This review summarizes recent advances in HA-based biocomposites for bone regeneration, addressing the most widely employed inorganic matrices, the natural and synthetic polymers used as reinforcing components, and the crosslinkers added to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Besides presenting the main physical and chemical methods in tissue engineering applications, this survey shows that HA biocomposites are generally biocompatible, as per most in vitro and in vivo studies involving animal models and that the results of clinical studies on humans sometimes remain controversial. We believe this review will be helpful as introductory information for scientists studying HA materials in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Ielo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM), Ottava Strada n.5, 95121 Catania, Italy
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Mahendiran B, Muthusamy S, Selvakumar R, Rajeswaran N, Sampath S, Jaisankar SN, Krishnakumar GS. Decellularized natural 3D cellulose scaffold derived from Borassus flabellifer (Linn.) as extracellular matrix for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118494. [PMID: 34420749 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Borassus flabellifer (Linn.) (BF) immature endosperm was decellularized to produce three dimensional (3D) cellulose scaffolds that can support mammalian 3D cell culture. To this regard, we first evaluated the chemical composition, nutritive profile and pharmacological activities of BF endosperm. The results demonstrated that the BF tissue represented a complex concoction of polysaccharides with intrinsic phyto-ingredients which provide excellent pharmacological properties. Furthermore cellulosic scaffolds (CS) obtained from BF was treated with chitosan to produce cellulose-chitosan (CS/CHI) hybrid scaffolds. The comparative investigation on both scaffolds exhibited adequate swelling with controlled porosity and pore-size distribution. The physiochemical characterization showed reduced biodegradation, improved thermal stability and enhanced compressive strength in CS/CHI group. Biological studies reported favorable adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts with evident cellular penetration and colonization on the both scaffolds. Taken together, plant derived cellulosic scaffolds could be used as an alternative scaffolding material in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Mahendiran
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shalini Muthusamy
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Selvakumar
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narmadha Rajeswaran
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowndarya Sampath
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S N Jaisankar
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Manjari MS, Aaron KP, Muralidharan C, Rose C. Highly biocompatible novel polyphenol cross-linked collagen scaffold for potential tissue engineering applications. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Evaluation of different crosslinking agents on hybrid biomimetic collagen-hydroxyapatite composites for regenerative medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 106:739-748. [PMID: 28827204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of novel bone-like scaffolds by bio-inspired, pH-driven, mineralization of type I collagen matrix with magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite nanophase (MgHA/Coll). To this aim, this study evaluates the altered modifications in the obtained composite due to different crosslinkers such as dehydrothermal treatment (DHT), 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE) and ribose in terms of morphological, physical-chemical and biological properties. The physical-chemical properties of the composites evaluated by XRD, FTIR, ICP and TGA demonstrated that the chemical mimesis of bone was effectively achieved using the in-lab biomineralization process. Furthermore, the presence of various crosslinkers greatly promoted beneficial enzymatic resistivity and swelling ability. The morphological results revealed highly porous and fibrous micro-architecture with total porosity above 85% with anisotropic pore size within the range of 50-200μm in all the analysed composites. The mechanical behaviour in response to compressive forces demonstrated enhanced compressive modulus in all crosslinked composites, suggesting that mechanical behaviour is largely dependent on the type of crosslinker used. The biomimetic compositional and morphological features of the composites elicited strong cell-material interaction. Therefore, the results showed that by activating specific crosslinking mechanisms, hybrid composites can be designed and tailored to develop tissue-specific biomimetic biomaterials for hard tissue engineering.
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Sampath S, Veeramani V, Krishnakumar GS, Sivalingam U, Madurai SL, Chellan R. Evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity of 1,8-Cineole-containing n-hexane extract of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels plant and its apoptotic potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2017. [PMID: 28651231 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are the source of a variety of secondary metabolites, which are often used in the anticancer activity. Discovering new anticancer drug from herbal source is more important in both biological and pharmacological activities. Hence, the objective of this study is to identify the anticancer agent in Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels (CC) for the treatment of cancer. Very recently we have reported an increased antioxidant activity in the ethanolic and methanolic extracts (EE and ME) of CC but significantly reduced activity (rather increased cytotoxicity), in the n-hexane extract (HE). In this study, the cytotoxicity of all the three solvent extracts was tested against A431, MG-63 and HaCaT cell lines by MTT assay. Interestingly HE has showed increased anti-proliferative effect against the cancer cells but was resisted by non-malignant cells. HPLC and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 1,8-Cineole as a predominant compound in HE, the semi-purified bioactive extract. Henceforth, this would be called HE-C and be used for further analyses to understand its mode of action on induced apoptosis/necrosis. Alamar blue assay of HE-C showed cytotoxicity and change in morphological characteristics, which was confirmed by AO/EB staining using fluorescence microscopy, ultra-structural features of apoptosis using SEM and TEM. HE-C induced cell death was also detected by FACS using FITC-labelled Annexin-V and Propidium iodide. ROS generation was monitored using DCF-DA by flow cytometry. The overall results suggested that the selective extract (HE-C) containing 1,8-Cineole has shown potential anti-cancer activity in a dose-dependent manner, and cell death was induced through ROS-mediated apoptosis. Our findings provide an insight into the potential of 1,8-Cineole as a novel drug for killing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowndarya Sampath
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Vidhya Veeramani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | | | - Udhayakumar Sivalingam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Suguna Lakshmi Madurai
- Polymer Science and Technology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Rose Chellan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.
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Udhayakumar S, Shankar KG, Sowndarya S, Venkatesh S, Muralidharan C, Rose C. l-Arginine intercedes bio-crosslinking of a collagen–chitosan 3D-hybrid scaffold for tissue engineering and regeneration: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02842c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Development ofl-arginine crosslinked three-dimensional collagen/chitosan hybrid scaffold for tissue engineering/regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivalingam Udhayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600020
- India
| | | | - Sampath Sowndarya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600020
- India
| | - Sankar Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600020
- India
| | - Chellappa Muralidharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600020
- India
| | - Chellan Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600020
- India
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Shankar KG, Kumar SU, Sowndarya S, Sridevi J, Angel SS, Rose C. Rumen tissue derived decellularized submucosa collagen or its chitosan-treated film as a cutaneous wound healant and 1H NMR-metabolite profiling of plasma. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21441j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing an ideal wound dressing material for skin defects is of significant importance in a clinical emergency and is currently a global burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Gopal Shankar
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
| | - S. Udhaya Kumar
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
| | - S. Sowndarya
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
| | - J. Sridevi
- Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
| | - S. Soniya Angel
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
| | - C. Rose
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai 600 020
- India
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