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Arrondo G, Osorio A, Magallón S, Lopez-del Burgo C, Cortese S. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for being involved in intimate partner violence and sexual violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7883-7892. [PMID: 37485948 PMCID: PMC10755239 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are significant problems world-wide, and they affect women disproportionally. Whether individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at an increased risk of being involved in these types of violence is unclear. METHODS We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration CRD42022348165) of the associations between ADHD and being the victim or perpetrator of IPV and SV. Ratios of occurrence of violence were pooled in random-effects models and study risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS A search on multiple databases, carried out on 7 October 2022, yielded 14 eligible studies (1 111 557 individuals). Analyses showed a higher risk of ADHD individuals being involved in IPV as perpetrators (six studies, OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.51-4.15) or victims (four studies, OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.06-3.0). Likewise, individuals with ADHD were at increased risk of being perpetrators (three studies, OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.35-5.51) or victims of SV (six studies, OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.51-2.24). Results were overall robust to different analytical choices. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with ADHD are at an increased risk of being involved in cases of violence, namely IPV and SV, either as victims or perpetrators. Although the causal path or mediating variables for these results are still unclear, this increased risk should inform evidence-based psychoeducation with individuals with ADHD, their families, and partners about romantic relationships and sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Arrondo
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Osorio
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Magallón
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Orengul AC, Meral Y, Goker H, Orem MS, Zorlu A, Ozkececi Cifterler HH. Peer Victimization in Preadolescent Children With ADHD: A Controlled Follow-up Study. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:636-642. [PMID: 37715757 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study examines bullying and its psychological consequences in school age children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD The sample consisted of 34 children with ADHD and 36 children without ADHD. Continuity of bullying and victimization and their relationship with psychological problems and quality of life (QoL) were examined at two time points (T1 and T2) with one-year interval. RESULTS Children with ADHD experienced significantly more bullying and victimization than controls at both times. There was a marginally significant positive relationship between victimization scores at T1 and internalizing problems at T2 for the total sample. For both groups separately, victimization scores at T2 was significantly related with QoL and internalizing problems at T2. DISCUSSION School-age children with ADHD are at risk for bullying and victimization and their short-term negative effects. Timely interventions should be used to overcome the possible negative effects of peer victimization.
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Bustinza CC, Adams RE, Claussen AH, Vitucci D, Danielson ML, Holbrook JR, Charania SN, Yamamoto K, Nidey N, Froehlich TE. Factors Associated With Bullying Victimization and Bullying Perpetration in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: 2016 to 2017 National Survey of Children's Health. J Atten Disord 2022; 26:1535-1548. [PMID: 35382621 PMCID: PMC9378474 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221085502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify characteristics associated with bullying involvement in pediatric ADHD. METHODS Data from the 2016 to 2017 National Survey of Children's Health for children aged 6 to 17 years with ADHD were evaluated to assess the association between parent-reported bullying victimization or perpetration and the following potential predictors: demographic characteristics, family factors, school factors, and child conditions/behaviors. RESULTS Among children with ADHD, 46.9% were bullying victims and 16.2% were perpetrators. Factors associated with victimization included having family financial strain, developmental delay or intellectual disability, friendship difficulties, and school reports about problems. Factors linked to perpetration included being male, receiving government assistance, lack of school engagement, school reports about problems, and having difficulties with friendships, staying calm, and arguing. CONCLUSIONS Children with ADHD frequently were bullying victims and sometimes bullying perpetrators. Factors related to family financial strain, developmental disabilities, emotional regulation, peer relationships, and school functioning may help to identify risk for bullying and opportunities for anti-bullying interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan E. Adams
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Angelika H. Claussen
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Melissa L. Danielson
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joseph R. Holbrook
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sana N. Charania
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Nichole Nidey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
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Ohashi K, Anderson CM, Khan A, Rohan ML, Bolger EA, McGreenery CE, Teicher MH. Sex and sensitive period differences in potential effects of maltreatment on axial versus radial diffusivity in the corpus callosum. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:953-964. [PMID: 35022536 PMCID: PMC8882181 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Corpus callosum (CC) abnormalities have been observed in several psychiatric disorders. Maltreatment has also been associated with marked differences in CC anatomy and microstructure, though rarely controlled for in psychiatric neuroimaging studies. The aim of this study was to identify type and timing of maltreatment associated with alterations in CC microstructure and to ascertain if they differ by sex. T1 and diffusion-weighted MRIs were obtained from 345 (135 M/210 F) healthy 18-25-year-olds. The Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scale provided retrospective data on exposure to ten types of maltreatment across each year of childhood. AI predictive analytics were used to identify the most significant type and time risk factors. The most striking maltreatment-associated alterations in males were in axial diffusivity and were most specifically associated with exposure to emotional abuse or neglect during segment-specific sensitive periods. In contrast, maltreatment was associated with marked alteration in radial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy in females and was most specifically associated with early physical neglect during one common sensitive period involving all segments except the splenium. Overall sex differences, controlling for maltreatment, brain size, and sociodemographic factors were limited to the genu with greater fractional anisotropy in males and radial diffusivity in females. These findings suggest that maltreatment may target myelinization in females and axonal development in males and that these sex differences need to be taken into account in studies seeking to delineate the contribution of CC abnormalities and interhemispheric communication to psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Ohashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
| | - Carl M. Anderson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDevelopmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Alaptagin Khan
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDevelopmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Michael L. Rohan
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XMcLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Bolger
- grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDevelopmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Cynthia E. McGreenery
- grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDevelopmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Martin H. Teicher
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.240206.20000 0000 8795 072XDevelopmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
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Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Quality of Life in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Taiwan: Mediation of the Effects of Emotional Problems and ADHD and Oppositional Defiant Symptoms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189470. [PMID: 34574409 PMCID: PMC8470640 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the mediating effects of emotional problems including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms on the association between bullying victimization and quality of life (QoL) among adolescents with ADHD in Taiwan. A total of 171 adolescents diagnosed as having ADHD participated in this study. Adolescents completed the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire, the Taiwanese Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adolescents, the Taiwanese version of the Children’s Depression Inventory and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children. Caregivers completed the Chinese version of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among the variables. The results of SEM revealed that bullying victimization indirectly correlated with QoL through the mediation of emotional problems in adolescents with ADHD, whereas ADHD and ODD symptoms did not mediate the association between bullying victimization and QoL. Bullying victimization should be actively prevented and intervened on to ensure better QoL in adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, emotional problems should be alleviated among adolescents with ADHD with bullying victimization experience to maintain their QoL.
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Stickley A, Koposov R, Koyanagi A, Oh H, Ruchkin V. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Community Violence Exposure in Russian Adolescents. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP9738-NP9756. [PMID: 31288607 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519861651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A large body of research has shown that exposure to community violence is common for many children across the world. However, less is known about exposure in particular subgroups such as those children with developmental disorders. To address this research gap, the aim of this study was to examine community violence exposure (CVE) in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and the role of gender in this association. Data were analyzed from 2,782 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from Arkhangelsk, Russia that were collected during the Social and Health Assessment (SAHA). ADHD status was assessed with the hyperactivity/inattention scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Information was obtained on past-year witnessing and violence victimization in the community. Results showed that CVE was more prevalent in children with ADHD symptoms. Specifically, 75.1% of children with ADHD symptoms had been exposed to any violence versus 62.3% in the non-ADHD group (χ2 = 18.65, p < .001). Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) revealed that CVE was significantly higher for adolescents with ADHD symptoms for both witnessing and victimization, while exposure was significantly higher for ADHD boys compared with girls. The findings of this study suggest that CVE may be elevated in adolescents with higher ADHD symptoms. Given that CVE has been associated with a variety of negative social and psychological outcomes in typically developing children, an important task for future research is to determine what factors are associated with CVE in adolescents with ADHD symptoms including those relating to such phenomena as comorbid psychopathology, the family, and peer relations, so that interventions can be designed and implemented to reduce CVE and its detrimental effects in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stickley
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
- Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Roman Koposov
- University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans Oh
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Vladislav Ruchkin
- Uppsala University, Sweden
- Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
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A Systematic Review of Polyvictimization among Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity or Autism Spectrum Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132280. [PMID: 31252681 PMCID: PMC6651348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have shown an increased risk for violence and victimization. However, research on exposure to multiple forms of victimization in different contexts are scarce. Hence, the current aim is to review the evidence about polyvictimization among children with ASD or ADHD. PsycInfo, ERIC, ERC, Scopus, and PubMed databases were systematically searched until 12 March 2019 to identify empirical studies with reported prevalence rates of at least four forms of victimization among children with ASD or ADHD. A total of 6/1300 articles were included in the review, ranging in sample sizes from 92 to 4114. The reported prevalence rates for polyvictimization were 1.8% and 23.1% for children with ASD and 7.3% for children with ADHD. The results emphasize the high prevalence of violence and victimization, including polyvictimization, among children with ASD or ADHD. Polyvictimization among children with ASD or ADHD is a highly under researched area. Significant knowledge gaps and important methodological considerations that provide important implications for future research include lack of information on cyber bullying, frequency or intensity of victimization, and the failure to include children as informants and to report health outcomes associated with polyvictimization.
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Stickley A, Koposov R, Koyanagi A, Inoue Y, Ruchkin V. ADHD and depressive symptoms in adolescents: the role of community violence exposure. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:683-691. [PMID: 30706080 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comorbid depression is common in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). As yet, however, little is known about the factors associated with co-occurring depression in this population. To address this research gap, the current study examined the role of community violence exposure in the association between ADHD symptoms and depression. METHODS Data came from 505 Russian adolescents [mean age 14.37 (SD = 0.96)] who had teacher-reported information on ADHD symptoms that was collected in conjunction with the Social and Health Assessment (SAHA). Adolescent self-reports of witnessing and being a victim of community violence were also obtained while depressive symptoms were self-assessed with an adapted version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations. RESULTS In univariable analyses, both witnessing and being a victim of violence were associated with significantly increased odds for depressive symptoms in adolescents with ADHD symptoms compared to non-ADHD adolescents who had not experienced community violence. However, in the multivariable analysis only being a victim of violence continued to be associated with significantly increased odds for depression [odds ratio (OR) 4.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-16.35]. CONCLUSION Exposure to community violence may be associated with depression in adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Clinicians should enquire about exposure to community violence in adolescents with ADHD/ADHD symptoms. Early therapeutic interventions to address the effects of violence exposure in adolescents with ADHD may be beneficial for preventing depression in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stickley
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878553, Japan. .,Stockholm Center for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, 141 89, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Roman Koposov
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsö, Norway
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 West Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Vladislav Ruchkin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Child Study Centre, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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